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Transcript
Plate Tectonics Study Guide Name___________ Period________ Date_________ 1. What is the layer of Earth called that’s made up of the rocks basalt and granite? 2. As you go deeper beneath Earth’s surface, what happens to the temperature and pressure beneath the surface? 3. How do geologists study Earth’s interior? 4. List the layers of the Earth starting at the surface and going towards the center. 5. What is ridge push? 6. What is slab pull? 7. Where are the convection currents located that move Earth’s plates? 8. What is a convection current? 9. What happens to convection currents when the heat source is removed? 10. What does Wegener’s theory of continental drift state? 11. What is the name of the super continent that existed millions of years ago called? 12. What do we call any trace of an ancient organism preserved in rock? 13. What are the three categories of evidence Wegener used to support his theory of continental drift? 14. Why was Wegener’s theory rejected by geologists of his time? 15. What do we call the longest chain of mountains in the world? 16. In the mid-1990’s what technology did scientists use to map the ocean floor? 17. In sea-floor spreading where on the ocean floor does molten material erupt onto the ocean floor? 18. What were scientists able to determine by taking drilling samples of the ocean floor? 19. What did deep diving submersibles observe at the mid-ocean ridge? 20. What is the term used to describe ocean floor sinking into a deep-ocean trench? 21. As new oceanic crust cools, what happens to its density? 22. What is the force that causes Earth’s plates to move? 23. What is the name of the theory that states that Earth’s plates are in constant slow motion? 24. What do we call a boundary where two plates collide? 25. If two continental plates collide, what is produced? 26. What do we call a boundary where two plates slip past one another? 27. What type of rock primarily makes up oceanic crust? 28 What type of rock primarily makes up continental crust? 29. What is the name of the boundary where two plates are moving away from each other? 30. What happens to a plate, as it is subducted into the mantle? Convergent Boundaries mountain ranges transform boundaries Basalt Granite divergent boundaries It melts and retur. 31. What type of boundary occurs at a subduction zone? 32. What geologic feature is formed at a divergent boundary? 33. What is being created at a mid-ocean ridge? 34. Describe the crust: 35. Describe the mantle: 36. Describe the core: 37. What is the lithosphere? 38. What is the asthenosphere? 39. What is the mesosphere? 40. What is the outer core? 41. What is the inner core? 42. What was Rodinia? 43. Where is old crust destroyed? 44. Where is new crust created? 45. Describe the three ways mountains are formed: Mountain chains/ new crust very thin, solid layer, least dense, coolest, upper 67% of Earth’s mass, rock is soft (plastic/putty like), pressure, density, temperature increase as you go deeper. Convection currents here drive plate tectonics 33% of mass, deepest, densest, hottest layer. Has two parts, inner and outer. Crust and rigid part of the mantle. Divided into tectonic plates. “Plastic” layer of the upper mantle. Tectonic plates float on this layer. Strong, lower portion of the mantle Liquid iron and nickel, spins rapidly to create the Earth’s magnetic field Solid iron and nickel Super-continent before Pangaea subduction zone Draw a Convergent Boundary Draw a Transform Boundary Draw a Divergent Boundary The Theory of Plate Tectonics ( Teacher’s Page)