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Ch 4 and Ch 5 Study Guide (ICP) Multiple Choice Identify the choice that best completes the statement or answers the question. ____ ____ 1. The atomic number of an atom denotes the number of a. neutrons c. b. isotopes d. electrons protons 2. Protons compared in size to neutrons are a. unknown at this point b. much larger almost identical much smaller c. d. ____ 3. An iron atom has a mass number of 56. Its atomic number is 26. How many neutrons does the iron atom have? a. 82 c. It has no neutrons b. 30 d. 56 ____ 4. Two different isotopes of an element have different a. numbers of neutrons c. b. atomic numbers d. numbers of electrons numbers of protons ____ 5. What is the mass number of an element that has 19 protons, 19 electrons, and 20 neutrons? a. 20 c. 19 b. 58 d. 39 ____ 6. How many grams are in one mole of silver? a. 60.25 b. 47.001 c. d. 107.87 94.0 7. What is the mass of 4.3 moles of Tin a. 118.71 b. 510.5 c. d. 439.23 225.32 ____ ____ 8. You have 138.5 grams of Cobalt. How many moles do you have? a. 2.35 c. 8.46 b. 9.32 d. 6.25 ____ 9. How much effect do commonly found isotopes have on the average atomic mass of an element? a. no effect on atomic mass c. same as rarely found isotopes b. more than rarely found isotopes d. less than rarely found isotopes ____ ____ ____ ____ 10. The charge of an atom is a. negative b. positive c. d. unbalanced neutral 11. The nucleus of an atom is composed of a. protons and electrons b. protons, neutrons, and electrons c. d. neutrons and electrons protons and neutrons 12. An atom that has lost or gained electrons is called a. an isotope b. subatomic particle c. d. an ion neutrino 13. Dalton’s atomic theory stated that every element was made of atoms that could not be subdivided, atoms of the same element are alike, and a. b. atoms are made of protons, neutrons, and electrons. the nucleus is the center of the atom. c. d. atoms of different elements could form to join compounds. atoms are constantly in motion. ____ 14. Which statement about the atom’s nucleus is correct? a. b. ____ ____ The precise location of electrons cannot be predicted. 23.4 g 2.34 kg d. Electrons can be found only in certain energy levels. Electrons are most likely to be found in orbitals. orbital valence electron c. d. photon excited state c. d. photon excited state c. d. photon excited state c. d. photon excited state 19. Where electrons are likely to be found in an atom orbital valence electron 20. Unit or quantum of light orbital valence electron 21. When an electron gains energy it moves to a(n) orbital valence electron 22. Magnesium (Mg) is located to the right of sodium (Na) because Mg has fewer protons. no neutrons. c. d. no protons more protons. 23. As you move from left to right across the periodic table, elements a. b. ____ a total of eight protons and neutrons. a total of eight neutrons and electrons. 18. This is found in the outer energy level of an atom a. b. ____ c. d. b. a. b. ____ 2.34 g 234 g Electrons can be found between energy levels. c. a. b. ____ c. d. a. a. b. ____ eight neutrons in its nucleus. eight protons in its nucleus. 17. Which statement about the modern model of the atom is not true? a. b. ____ d. The nucleus is made of protons and neutrons and has a positive charge. The nucleus is made of electrons and has a negative charge. 16. You have 4.50 moles of chromium. What is the mass in grams of this amount of chromium? a. b. ____ c. 15. Oxygen’s atomic number is 8. This means that an oxygen atom has a. b. ____ The nucleus is made of protons and neutrons and has a negative charge. The nucleus is made of electrons and has a positive charge. become less metallic. have a lower atomic number. 24. Each column of the periodic table is c. d. have a lower atomic weight. become more metallic. a. b. ____ a higher atomic number. a higher group number. color number of neutrons c. d. atomic weight electron arrangement valence electrons. neutral electrons c. d. inner electrons. total electrons. metals. nonmetals. c. d. isotopes. c. d. become charged All of the above ions. be highly reactive. form ions. inert gases. alkali metals. c. d. radioactive isotopes. semiconductors c. d. metalloids semiconductors 32. Most elements are a. b. ____ c. d. 31. The three main groups of elements are metals, nonmetals, and a. b. ____ fewer protons. a lower atomic number. 30. Elements that have one valence electron tend to a. b. ____ at every tenth element. at regular intervals. 29. Atoms that gain or lose electrons are called a. b. ____ c. d. 28. Elements that belong to the same group have the same number of a. b. ____ to the left of each other. to the right of each other. 27. What is the location of elements in the periodic table related to? a. b. ____ an isotope. a period. 26. As you move from up to down in a column of the periodic table, elements have a. b. ____ c. d. 25. The periodic law states that elements that have similar properties appear a. b. ____ an element. a group. metals. nonmetals. 33. Most elements on the left side of the periodic table are a. b. semiconductors. metals. c. d. nonmetals. metalloids ____ 34. Most nonmetals are a. b. ____ ____ number of valence electrons atomic number. atomic symbols atomic sizes. c. d. atomic weights. chemical properties. It conducts heat It conducts electricity. c. d. It is a soft and shiny metal. It has one valence electron They are highly reactive. They exist as single atoms. c. d. They belong to Group 18. They are nonmetals 39. When can semiconductors conduct heat and electricity? a. b. ____ c. d. 38. Which of the following is not true of noble gases? a. b. ____ average atomic mass. number of protons. 37. How do you know that potassium, an alkali metal, is highly reactive? a. b. ____ metalloids. shiny. 36. Elements in an element family have similar a. b. ____ c. d. 35. Each element in an element family shares the same a. b. ____ brittle. good conductors. under all conditions under almost all conditions 40. What is the highest energy level used in Ta? a. 3 b. 4 c. d. under some conditions under no conditions c. d. 5 6 41. What is the highest energy level used in In and how many valence electrons? a. 4,10 c. 5,2 b. 5,1 d. 5,3 True/False Indicate whether the statement is true or false. ____ 42. Positive charges attract positive charges ( and negative attract negative) with a force call the electric force. ____ 43. All atoms of an element have the same number of neutrons. ____ 44. Mass number does not have any units, and it is always a whole number. ____ 45. All atoms of an element have the same number of protons. ____ 46. Atoms of the same element always have the same atomic number, but can have different mass numbers. ____ 47. All atoms of an element have the same number of electrons. Completion Complete each statement. 48. Thomson’s cathode-ray tube experiment supported the theory that _______________________ exist inside an atom. 49. Rutherford’s gold-foil experiment revealed that an atom’s positive charge is concentrated in the atom’s _______________________. 50. The first person who suggested that matter was made up of atoms was the Greek philosopher _______________________. 51. Neutrons and protons are found in the _______________________ of an atom. 52. An atom of potassium has a mass number of 39 and an atomic number of 19. It therefore has _______________________ neutrons in its nucleus. 53. When an atom gains or loses energy, _______________________ jump between energy levels. 54. An electron that gains energy enters an excited state and absorbs a particle of light called a(n) ______________________. 55. The chemical properties of an atom are determined by _______________________, which are located in the atom’s outer energy level. 56. The nucleus of an atom has a(n) _______________________ electric charge. 57. Isotopes of an element have the same atomic _______________________ but different atomic _______________________. Matching a. b. c. d. e. alkali metal noble gas metalloids mass number alkaline-earth metal f. g. h. i. j. periodic law isotope cation law of definite proportions photon ____ 58. What is another name for semiconductors? ____ 59. What is a positive ion called? ____ 60. One of the elements of Group 1 of the periodic table ____ 61. One of the elements of Group 2 of the periodic table ____ 62. The number of protons and neutrons found in the nucleus ____ 63. One of the elements of Group 18 of the periodic table ____ 64. Law that states that the repeating chemical and physical properties of elements change periodically with the atomic numbers of elements ____ 65. What is a unit or quantum of light? ____ 66. A chemical compound always contains the same elements in exactly the same proportions by weight or mass ____ 67. An atom that has the same number of protons as other atoms of the same element, but has a different number of neutrons Element Symbol Atomic Number Atomic Mass Period Group Electron Configuration 1s2 2s2 2p6 3s2 3p6 4s2 Ruthenium 5 15 Ta 87.62 1s2 2s2 2p6 3s2 3p6 4s2 3d10 4p6 5s2 4d10 5p6 6s2 4f14 5d10 6p2 15