Download Important Renaissance People: Artists

European
Renaissance
Renaissance Man ("Blister in the
Sun" by the Violent Femmes) –
YouTube
Violent Femmes - Blister in the Sun - YouTube
Objectives
 Explain the social, economic, and
political changes that contributed to the
rise of Florence and the ideas of
Machiavelli.
 Identify artistic and scientific
achievements of Leonardo da Vinci, the
“Renaissance man,” and Michelangelo.
Italy: Birthplace of the
Renaissance
 Italy’s advantages
 Educated people of Italy hoped to bring back
to life the culture of Greece and Rome.
 This led to new values
 Example – importance of the individual.
 Three advantages:
 Thriving city-states
 Wealthy merchant class
 Classical heritage of Greece and Rome.
Classical and Worldly
Values
 Humanism.
 Emphasizes the dignity and worth of the
individual. The potential and achievements.
Art so Important Church leaders beautified Rome and
other cities.
 Merchants and wealthy families would
have their portraits painted or donate art
to the city to place in public squares.
Values
 Renaissance Man – charming, witty, and
well educated in the classics.
 He should dance, sing, play music, and write
poetry.
 Renaissance Woman – know the classics
and be charming.
 Expected to inspire art but not create art.
 Little influence in politics.
1. Realism & Expression
 Expulsion from
the Garden
 Masaccio
 1427
 First nudes since
classical times.
2. Perspective
The Trinity
Perspective!
Perspective!
Perspective!
Perspective!
Perspective!
Perspective!
Masaccio
1427
Perspective!
First use
of linear
perspective!
What you are,
I once was;
what I am,
you will
become.
3. Classicism
Greco-Roman
influence.
Secularism.
Humanism.
Individualism  free
standing figures.
Symmetry/Balance
The “Classical Pose”
Medici “Venus” (1c)
4. Empasis on Individualism
 Batista Sforza & Federico de Montefeltre: The
Duke & Dutchess of Urbino
 Piero della Francesca, 1465-1466.
Important Renaissance
People: Wealthy Merchants
 The Medici Family
 Prominent banking family
 Cosimo
 Merchant and political ruler over Florence
 Humanist
 Lasting impacts are his large library and his patronage of the
artists
 Lorenzo
 Ruler over Florence
 Tyrant in which he ruled by influencing govt
 Also a patron of the arts
 Botticelli
 Michelangelo
How did writers reflect They wrote in the vernacular;
Renaissance values in wrote about non-religious (secular) topics
their work?
– simply for leisure, fun, self-expression;
and pursued independent thought and
investigation rather than simply accepting
what the church taught.
B. Determining Word Meaning
Petrarch, often called the
“father of humanism” authored
beautiful sonnets in the
vernacular Italian and they were
about a love of his life named
Laura.
vernacular – the language of
the local people.
(not Latin!)
Important Renaissance
People: Writers
 Francesco Petrarch – father of
Renaissance humanism.
 Great poet.
 Wrote in Italian and Latin.
Important Renaissance
People: Writers
 Dante
 Spiritual vision and many intellectual
accomplishments.
 Divine Comedy
 Allegorical narrative.
 Poet’s imaginary journey through hell, purgatory,
and heaven.
Important Renaissance
People: Writers
 Machiavelli
 The Prince (1513)
 Political guidebook for rulers
 Also, examined the imperfect conduct of people
 Most people are selfish, fickle, and corrupt
Niccolò Machiavelli was an Italian statesman and writer and
is considered one of the most significant political thinkers of
the Renaissance. His best-known work, The Prince, describes
cunning and unscrupulous methods for rulers to gain and keep
power.
A.) The Prince (1532; trans. 1640) - describes the method by which a
prince can acquire and maintain political power.
B.) It is believed he was defending the tyranny of such cruel rulers of
his day as Cesare Borgia.
C.) He believed that a ruler is not bound by traditional ethical norms
like the people the ruler’s rules should be.
D.) a prince should be concerned only with power and be bound only
by rules that would lead to success in political actions.
“The End justifies the Means.” “Better to be feared than loved.”
E.) believed that these rules could be discovered by deduction from the
political practices of the time, as well as from those of earlier
periods.
PP Design of T. Loessin; Akins High School
DO YOU AGREE or DISAGREE?
“Being a good ruler means sometimes doing the unpopular in order
to achieve what is best for one’s people in the long run.”
“A shrewd politician knows he may have to sometimes
employ devious methods if he is to stay in power.”
“The End justifies the Means.”
“At any given time a ruler may be faced with sending men to their
deaths in battle. He must be willing to sacrifice those few in order
to save the many.”
“Rulers can not be expected to live under the same “morality” as the
masses they rule. They must at times choose corrupt, distasteful,
even evil means in order to achieve a final good for their people.”
“It is better that a Ruler should be feared by his people
than loved by them.”
~ Machiavelli
Today we still use the phrase machiavellian
to refer to someone who
pursues an action that,
though may not be viewed as morally right,
he believes will be politically effective.
Can you think of
examples in
American or World
History / Politics
of leaders whose
decisions might be
considered
machiavellian ?
How Machiavellian Are You?
Statements
1. Most people are honest.
2. Most people think first of their
pocket-books and later about right and
wrong.
3. To get someone to like you, tell that
person what he/she wants to hear.
4. The best way to earn someone's
respect is to be kind and honest.
5. The best way to earn someone's
loyalty is show him or her your power.
6. There are no absolute rights and
wrongs. "Right" is what works.
7. A good president reads the polls to
find out what people want and makes
those things his policies.
8. Most people are extremely selfish.
9. A promise is a sacred trust.
10. Nice guys finish last.
Agree
Undecided
Disagree
How Machiavellian Are You?
Statements
Agree
Undecided
Disagree
1. Most people are honest.
1
3
5
2. Most people think first of their
pocket-books and later about right and
wrong.
5
3
1
3. To get someone to like you, tell that
person what he/she wants to hear.
5
3
1
4. The best way to earn someone's
respect is to be kind and honest.
1
3
5
5. The best way to earn someone's
loyalty is show him or her your power.
5
3
1
6. There are no absolute rights and
wrongs. "Right" is what works.
5
3
1
7. A good president reads the polls to
find out what people want and makes
those things his policies.
5
3
1
8. Most people are extremely selfish.
5
3
1
9. A promise is a sacred trust.
1
3
5
10. Nice guys finish last.
5
3
1
Your Machiavellian Score
 10-23 Type A: You are not all Machiavellian.
Some would say you are an idealist and an
optimist about human nature. You have
strong ideas about right and wrong.
 24-36 Type B: Your are more cautious
about trusting human nature and less
idealistic than those above. You know that
selfishness can sometimes get in the way of
lofty ideals.
Your Machiavellian Score
 37-50 Type C: You are extremely
Machiavellian. Practical to the point of
being a hard-headed cynic, not very trusting
about human nature, and ready to deal with
what is, rather than what ought to be.
Important Renaissance
People: Writers
 Erasmus




Dutch humanist
The Praise of Folly
Published his annotated New Testament
Represented common sense applied to
human affairs
 Exposed the abuses of the Church
 Helped advance the Revival of Learning
Important Renaissance
People: Writers
 Thomas More
 English Christian humanist
 Wrote Utopia(1516)
 Imaginary land where there is NOT greed,
corruption, or war
 Utopia today continues to mean “an ideal
place”
Important Renaissance
People: Writers
 William Shakespeare
 English writer during the Elizabethan age
 Macbeth, Hamlet, Othello, Romeo and Juliet, King
Lear, A Midsummer Night’s Dream, and The Taming
of the Shrew.
 Wrote plays where were performed at the famous
Globe Theatre
 Used the classics to draw inspiration for his plots
 Demonstrated a deep understanding of people and
their flaws
Important Renaissance
People: Artists
 Giotto di Bondone
 Florentine painter and architect
 Known for this depiction of the human form
and solidity of 3-dimensional forms
 Most famous works are his frescoes in the
Arena Chapel
 Depict the Life and Passion of Christ
 Taught Raphael and Michelangelo
The Arena Chapel
Frescoes
Important Renaissance
People: Artists
 Masaccio
 Italian artist
 Humanist
 Father of
“perspective” which
is??
 Use of vanishing point
 Depth/3D
Adoration of the Magi
Masaccio’s Tribute Money
Important Renaissance
People: Artists
 Raphael
 Studied the works of Michelangelo and Leonardo.
 One of his favorite subjects was the Madonna and
child.
 School of Athens
 Painted famous figures such as Michelangelo, Leonardo,
and himself as classical philosophers and their students.
 Famous for his use of perspective.
School of Athens
Important Renaissance
People: Artists
 Donatello
 Italian artist
 Famous for sculpture
of David in Florence
 Known for his working
with perspective and
his method of
scuplture
Important Renaissance
People: Artists
 Leonardo da Vinci
 Painter, sculptor,
inventor, and
scientist.
 Mona Lisa
 The Last Supper
The Last Supper
Renaissance Art
 Lifelike- Looks realistic, artists studied the
body.
 Perspective- Had depth, 3D
 Emotion- Revealed artists’ feelings
 Sometimes Secular- (Sometimes non-religious)
Important Renaissance
People: Artists
 Michelangelo
 Italian painter and sculptor
 Most famous work – The Sistine Chapel
 His impact:
 His paintings were all equally proportioned
 Excellent use of perspective
David
Creation of Adam
Sistine Chapel - Virtual
Tour
Important Renaissance
People: Artists
 Filippo Brunelleschi
 Father of Renaissance architecture
 Formulated techniques for lifting
construction materials and creating selfsupporting domes
 Built the Cathedral of Florence (Duomo)
Important Renaissance
People: Artists
 Lorenzo Ghiberti
 Italian artist, sculptor,
and metal worker
 Created the bronze
doors on Baptistery
Important Renaissance
People: Artists
 Albrecht Durer
 German artist
 Painted many
portraits
 Traveled to Italy and
fused the Gothic
traditions of the North
with the color of the
Italians
“Hands”
“The Praying
Hands”
Important Renaissance
People: Artists
 Jan van Eyck
 Flemish painter
 Developed
techniques for the
new oil-based paints
still used today
 Able to create a variety
of subtle colors
“Arnolfini Wedding Portrait”
Important Renaissance
People: Artists
 El Greco
 Spanish painter
 Painted many religious works, portraits, and
landscapes
 Paintings contained vibrant colors, unusual
perspectives, and strangely contorted
figures
El Greco
“View of Toledo”
“The gentleman with his hand on
his chest”
Important Renaissance
People
 Cervantes
 Spanish writer
 Wrote Don Quixote
considered to be the
first modern novel
Printing Press
 Johann Gutenberg
 Improved printing
 Incorporated a screwtype press, movable
type, paper, and ink
 Books produced
faster and cheaper
 Printed the Bible
(Gutenberg Bible)
Legacy of the
Renaissance
 Changes in Art
 Techniques and styles from classical Greece
and Rome
 Portrayed individuals and nature more
realistically
 Created works that were secular as well as
religious works
 Writers used vernacular language
 Praised individual achievement
Legacy of the
Renaissance
 Changes in Society
 Printing made information more available and
inexpensive
 More books increased a desire for learning and a
rise in literacy
 Christian humanists’ attempts to reform society
changed views on how lives should be lived
 People began to question political structures and
religious practices
 Horrible Histories The Rennaisance Report YouTube