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U8 Evolution Test Review KEY 2015-16
I. TEKS
7A: Analyze and evaluate how evidence of common ancestry among groups is provided by the fossil
record, biogeography, and homologies, including anatomical, molecular, and development;
7B: Analyze and evaluate scientific explanations concerning any data of sudden appearance, stasis and
sequential nature of groups in the fossil record;
7C: Analyze and evaluate how natural selection produces change in populations, not individuals;
7D: Analyze and evaluate how the elements of natural selection, including inherited variation, the potential of
population to produce more offspring than can survive, and a finite supply of environmental resources, result
in differential reproductive success;
7E: Analyze and evaluate the relationship of natural selection to adaptation and the development of diversity in and
among species.
II. Evidences of Evolution Notes
A. Name the 6 evidences of evolution and briefly describe each (refer to the notes and pages 423-428).
Evidence of Evolution
Description
1. Artificial selection
Humans select naturally occurring genetic variations
in a species
2. Biochemical
DNA and protein sequence formed from amino acids;
the fewer the differences, the closer the evolutionary
relationship
3. Fossil record
Paleontology studies remains or traces of past life
4. Biogeography
Study the inheritance of organisms living widely apart
and how they are similar
5. Comparative anatomy
Considers homologous and vestigial structures and
embryological development
6. Observable events
Ongoing events that can be seen and studied in
various species
B. Give 3 examples of vestigial structures (refer to the notes and page 425).
Human tail bone, appendix, wisdom tooth, goose bumps; whale pelvis
C. Define homologous structures and give examples (refer to the Evidence of Evolution concept map
Notes and pages 424). Structures which have similar embryonic development, but different
mature forms and perform different functions
D. In which rock layers are the oldest fossils found? Explain your answer.
Oldest layers are those found deep in the ground.
A
B
C
B
C
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E. Using the partial cytochrome c amino acid sequences below, answer the questions that
follow.
Human
A
P
Y
S
T
A
K
Monkey
A
P
Y
T
A
K
Q
Rabbit
A
S
V
F
D
K
N
1. How many similarities are there between the human and the monkey?
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2. How many differences are there between the human and the monkey?
1
3. How many differences are there between the human and rabbit?
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4. Which organism is more closely related to the human? Monkey
5. What type of evidence of evolution does this illustrate? Biochemical (DNA & protein
sequencing)
III. Darwin and Natural Selection Notes
A. Name the Basic Components of Darwin’s “Theory of Natural Selection”.
1. All species have genetic variation
2. Genetic variation is inheritable
3. Organisms reproduce more offspring than the environment can support
4. Competition is created when there are more offspring than environmental resources, there is
struggle for survival
5. Organisms which are more fit will have will have favorable traits and reproductive success
IV. Evolution of Populations
A. Name the two main sources of genetic variation
1.
Mutations
2. Gene shuffling during meiosis and sexual reproduction
B. List the five conditions outlined in the Hardy-Weinberg principle that must be met to maintain genetic
equilibrium, which produces no change in allele frequencies (refer to notes and page 431-432).
1. Random mating
2. Large population
3. No movement in or out of the population
4. No mutations
5. No natural selection
V. Sample Questions
1. What evolution concept is demonstrated below?
A. survival of the fittest
B. dynamic equilibrium
C. succession
D. extinction
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2. According to the figure below, how many species of finch eat insects? __5___
3. Which statement is most closely related to the modern theory of evolution?
A. Characteristics that are acquired during life are passed to offspring by sexual
reproduction.
B. Evolution is the result of mutations and recombination, only.
C. Organisms best adapted to a changed environment are more likely to reproduce and
pass their genes to offspring.
D. Asexual reproduction increases the survival of species
4. Which will reduce competition within a species’ population?
A. fewer individuals
C. fewer resources
B. higher birthrate
D. animal breeders
5. When lions prey on a herd of antelopes, some antelopes are killed and some escape. Which part of Darwin’s
concept of natural selection might be used to describe this situation?
A. acquired characteristics
B. reproductive isolation
C. survival of the fittest
D. competition
6. Charles Darwin called the ability of an organism to survive and reproduce in its specific environment
A. diversity.
B. fitness.
C. adaption.
D. artificial selection.
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7. Use the dichotomous key below to identify the unknown female mosquito. Female Aeodes
8. Refer to your 6 Kingdoms Chart to complete the table below. Place a check in the characteristics column if
it applies to the kingdom.
Kingdom
(Eu)Bacteria
ArchaeBacteria
Protista
Fungi
Plant
Animal
Cell Type
(Eukaryote or
Prokaryote)
Pro
Pro
Euk
Euk
Euk
Euk
Characteristics
Auto/Heterotroph
or Both
Both
Both
Both
Heterotroph
Autotroph
Heterotroph
Cell
wall





Plasma
membrane






Genetic
Material






Cytoplasm






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