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THE SOLAR SYSTEM MERCURY • Closest to the sun • Travels around the sun faster than any other planet (88 days to completely orbit) • Smallest planet (~continental US) • Daytime temps can reach 840 F and nighttime temps can get as low as -275 F • No water but possible presence of ice VENUS • 2nd closest to the sun; closest planet to Earth • Earth’s “twin” • Clouds are made mostly of poisonous sulfuric acid • Due to greenhouse effect, temps can reach up to 870 F • Brightest planet MARS • 4th closest to the sun • Has seasons but atmosphere is too thin for liquid water to exist for long on the surface • Two moons (Phobos and Deimos) • Twice as big as the moon but half as big as Earth MARS’ RIVERBEDS JUPITER • 5th planet from the sun • Largest planet in the solar system (2.5x more massive than all of the other planets in the solar system combined) • Fastest spinning planet (10 hours) • 67 moons SATURN • 6th planet from the sun • Gas giant, but possible rocky core • Roughly 0.9 billion miles from the sun • 150 moons URANUS • 7th planet from the sun • Rotates at a 90 degree angle (possibly due to collision with some other body) • Originally thought to be a star • Bright blue-green due to methane gas in its atmosphere • 64 Earths could fit inside it NEPTUNE • 8th planet from the sun (2.8 billion miles) • Smallest of the gas giants • Coldest planet in the solar system • Existence was predicted before it was ultimately found • Considered an “ice giant” due to water, ammonia and methane ices under its atmosphere THE SOLAR SYSTEM • Name the 8 planets in order of distance from the sun. • Which planets are outer/gas planets? • Which planets are inner/terrestrial planets? • Which planets have rings? • Which planets do not have moons?