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Supplemental Notes (1)
Anatomical Terminology
I.
ANATOMICAL POSITION
a. Position used as the standard in Anatomy & Physiology to make the position of body structures easy
to describe.
i. Body is standing erect
ii. Face forward
iii. Upper limbs at sides; palms forward
iv. Feet forward
v. Notice: anatomical right vs. left
II.
BODY ORIENTATION AND DIRECTION: Learn the definitions and application of the following terms
a. Superior/inferior & cephalad/caudal (interchangeably in humans!)
b. Anterior/posterior & ventral/dorsal (interchangeably in humans!)
c. Medial/lateral
d. Proximal/distal
e. Superficial/deep & external/internal (used interchangeably)
III.
BODY PLANES AND SECTIONS
a. Sagittal plane: right and left parts
i. Median/midsagittal plane: EQUAL right and left parts
ii. Parasagittal plane: UNEQUAL right and left parts
b. Frontal plane or Coronal plane: anterior and posterior parts
c. Transverse plane: superior and inferior parts
d. Cross sections: along the transverse plane
IV.
BODY CAVITIES
a. Ventral Body Cavity
i. Thoracic Cavity
1. Pleural Cavity
2. Superior Mediastinum
3. Pericardial Cavity
ii. Abdominopelvic Cavity
1. Abdominal Cavity
2. Pelvic Cavity
b. Dorsal Body Cavity
i. Cranial Cavity
ii. Vertebral/Spinal Cavity
V.
SEROUS MEMBRANES OF THE VENTRAL BODY CAVITY
a. Serosa or serous membrane: membrane lining the ventral body cavities
i. Parietal serosa
ii. Visceral serosa
b. Specific names of serous membranes in the ventral body cavities:
i. Pleural cavity: pleura
ii. Pericardial cavity: pericardium
iii. Abdominal cavity: peritoneum
Supplemental Notes (1)
VI.
ABDOMINOPELVIC QUADRANTS AND REGIONS
a. Learn the names and locations of the 4 Abdominopelvic Quadrants
i. Right upper quadrant, Right lower quadrant
ii. Left upper quadrant, Left lower quadrant
b. Learn the names and locations of the 9 Regions of the Abdominopelvic surface/cavity
i. Right hypochondriac region, Right lumbar region, Right iliac (inguinal) region
ii. Epigastric region, Umbilical region, Hypogastric (pubic) region
iii. Left hypochondriac region, Left lumbar region, Left iliac (inguinal) region
VII.
SURFACE ANATOMY: ANTERIOR & POSTERIOR BODY LANDMARKS