* Your assessment is very important for improving the workof artificial intelligence, which forms the content of this project
Download 11 RULES OF WRITING
Japanese grammar wikipedia , lookup
Ukrainian grammar wikipedia , lookup
Agglutination wikipedia , lookup
Relative clause wikipedia , lookup
Portuguese grammar wikipedia , lookup
American Sign Language grammar wikipedia , lookup
Antisymmetry wikipedia , lookup
Lexical semantics wikipedia , lookup
Modern Greek grammar wikipedia , lookup
Compound (linguistics) wikipedia , lookup
Morphology (linguistics) wikipedia , lookup
Zulu grammar wikipedia , lookup
Arabic grammar wikipedia , lookup
Lithuanian grammar wikipedia , lookup
Preposition and postposition wikipedia , lookup
Untranslatability wikipedia , lookup
Scottish Gaelic grammar wikipedia , lookup
Modern Hebrew grammar wikipedia , lookup
Determiner phrase wikipedia , lookup
Kannada grammar wikipedia , lookup
Yiddish grammar wikipedia , lookup
Chinese grammar wikipedia , lookup
English passive voice wikipedia , lookup
Sloppy identity wikipedia , lookup
Vietnamese grammar wikipedia , lookup
Turkish grammar wikipedia , lookup
French grammar wikipedia , lookup
Icelandic grammar wikipedia , lookup
Malay grammar wikipedia , lookup
Ancient Greek grammar wikipedia , lookup
English clause syntax wikipedia , lookup
Esperanto grammar wikipedia , lookup
Romanian grammar wikipedia , lookup
Spanish grammar wikipedia , lookup
Pipil grammar wikipedia , lookup
Polish grammar wikipedia , lookup
11 RULES OF WRITING November 27th, 05 Hi everybody, Here is the first "tip" in your general flashback into all things we've studied. I hope it will help you. You can work here or simply go directly to the site . These 11 rules cover lots of important items both in writing and in grammar. Anyway, there is no time to waist. The doom's day - January 16th- is coming. http://www.junketstudies.com/rulesofw/ This site is a concise guide to some of the most commonly violated rules of writing, grammar, and punctuation. It is intended for all writers as an aid in the learning and refining of writing skills. Explore each of the rules to see examples of its application, and use the references to find additional explanations and examples on the Web or in print. Look up grammatical terms in the glossary. For a wider variety of information, check related FAQs and other writing resources. Also, click on the Word of the Day until you've learned a few new words. If you would like to use this set of rules as an aid in your own teaching, see the teacher's note. 1. To join two independent clauses, use a comma followed by a conjunction, a semicolon alone, or a semicolon followed by a sentence modifier. 2. Use commas to bracket nonrestrictive phrases, which are not essential to the sentence's meaning. 3. Do not use commas to bracket phrases that are essential to a sentence's meaning. 4. When beginning a sentence with an introductory phrase or an introductory (dependent) clause, include a comma. 5. To indicate possession, end a singular noun with an apostrophe followed by an "s". Otherwise, the noun's form seems plural. 6. Use proper punctuation to integrate a quotation into a sentence. If the introductory material is an independent clause, add the quotation after a colon. If the introductory material ends in "thinks," "saying," or some other verb indicating expression, use a comma. 7. Make the subject and verb agree with each other, not with a word that comes between them. 8. Be sure that a pronoun, a participial phrase, or an appositive refers clearly to the proper subject. 9. Use parallel construction to make a strong point and create a smooth flow. 10. Use the active voice unless you specifically need to use the passive. 11. Omit unnecessary words. Glossary -- 11 Rules of Writing Active Voice -- A sentence style in which the subject performs the action. Usually preferable to passive voice unless the passive is specifically called for. Active Voice example: The lightning struck the tree. Passive Voice example: The tree was struck by lightning. See for more information: Rule 10 Passive vs. Active Voice Adjective -- A word or group of words that describe or modify a noun. example: The slow, meandering creek sang a gentle song. Agreement -- A singular noun or pronoun must take a singular verb, and a plural noun or pronoun must take a plural verb. See for more information: Rule 7 Agreement Apostrophe -- A punctuation mark ( ' ) used to show possession. Also used in contractions, which should be avoided in formal prose. possession example: "That was Jack's favorite coffee mug." contraction example: "You shouldn't have dropped it." See for more information: Apostrophe Appositive -- A noun or pronoun set beside another noun or pronoun to modify it. Usually accompanied by modifiers. example: An experienced backpacker, she left no trace of where she had camped. Clause -- A group of words containing both a subject and a predicate. Independent Clause example: The hobo passed through town unnoticed. Dependent Clause example: As the hobo passed through town... Conjunction -- A word that joins words or phrases (i.e. and, but, or). example: I'll pass on the pork and beans, but I'd love some pizza or ziti. See for more information: Conjunctions Dependent (Subordinate) Clause -- A clause that can not stand alone as a sentence and must be combined with an independent clause. Independent Clause example: The hobo passed through town unnoticed. Dependent Clause example: As the hobo passed through town... See for more information: Dependent vs. Independent Clauses Independent Clause -- A clause that can stand alone as a sentence. Independent Clause example: The hobo passed through town unnoticed. Dependent Clause example: As the hobo passed through town... See for more information: Dependent vs. Independent Clauses Introductory Phrase -- A group of words that cannot stand alone found at the beginning of a sentence. example: Hoping to improve his writing, he never went to sleep before jotting down a page of random thoughts. See for more information: Rule 4 Nonrestrictive Phrase -- A subordinate clause that is not essential to the meaning of the sentence but adds a relevant detail. Nonrestrictive Phrase example: I gave a few coins to the street musician, who gave me a smile back. Restrictive Phrase example: I gave a few coins to the street musician who played the sweetest song. Noun -- A word that represents a person, place, thing, or idea. example: A noun is a word that represents a person, place, thing, or idea. Parallel Construction -- A sentence construction where equal parts are expressed using similar grammatical forms. Each part of speech in each idea has a counterpart in the next idea. See for more information: Rule 9 Participle -- A verb form used as an adjective. See for more information: of Writing Rule 8 Participial Phrase -- A phrase containing a participle and any modifiers. See for more information: Rule 8 Passive Voice -- a sentence style in which the action is performed on the subject. Usually inferior to the active voice unless specifically called for. Active Voice example: The lightning struck the tree. Passive Voice example: The tree was struck by lightning. See for more information: Rule 10 Passive vs. Active Voice Predicate -- The part of a sentence that tells what the subject does or has done to it. example: I always forget the difference between a verb and a predicate. Pronoun -- A word used as a substitute for a noun (known as the antecedent). example: The pronoun is a lonely word; it must always be paired with an antecedent. See for more information: Pronoun Restrictive Phrase -- A subordinate clause that is essential in specifying something about the thing it modifies. Nonrestrictive Phrase example: I gave a few coins to the street musician, who gave me a smile back. Restrictive Phrase example: I gave a few coins to the street musician who played the sweetest song. Semicolon -- a punctuation mark (;) used to separate independent clauses or items in a series. See for more information: Semicolon Sentence Modifier -- A word or phrase that is not the subject or predicate but adds to the meaning of the sentence. Subject -- The thing in the sentence that is being discussed. Usually a noun or a noun phrase. example: The butterfly had a short but beautiful existence. Verb -- A word that expresses action or being. example: A verb is a word that expresses action or being.