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Ch. 15.3
Domains and Kingdoms
Essential Question:
How are Living Things alike yet
Different?
How are Organisms Classified Into Domains
and Kingdoms?
Pgs. 598-601
Vocabulary Ch. 15.3
Prokaryote- A unicellular
organism that lack a nucleus
and some other cell
structures.
Eukaryote- An organism
whose cells contain a
nucleus.
Domains and Kingdoms pg. 598
The table shows the number of species of bees,
mammals, and birds that scientists have found so far!
How Are Organisms Classified Into Domains
and Kingdoms? Pg. 598
• 1869 scientist classified organisms as animals and plants
Thanks to the invention of the microscopes, this has helped scientists discover
tiny new organisms and identify differences among cells.
The modern classification system is made up of three domains.
Domain Bacteria, Domain Achaea, & Domain Eukarya
Within the domains are kingdoms.
Organisms are placed into domains and kingdoms based on:
•
•
•
their cell type,
their ability to make food
the number of cells in their bodies.
Domains and Kingdoms pg. 599
Three Domains of Life
Bacteria and Archaea are unicellular organisms that have no
nucleus. Organisms with cells that contain nuclei are called
Eukarya.
Domain Bacteria pg. 599
• Bacteria are all around you
• Some are autotrophs, while others are
heterotrophs.
• Members of domain Bacteria are prokaryotes
(organisms) whose cells lack a nucleus.
A nucleus is a dense area in a cell that contains
nucleic acids, (DNA=Deoxyribonucleic acid)
which are the chemicals that direct all of the cell’s
activities.
• In prokaryotes, nucleic acids are not contained
within a nucleus.
Prokaryotic Cell
Domain Archae pg. 599
• Like bacteria, members of domain Archaea
are also unicellular prokaryotes
• They can be autotrophs or heterotrophs.
• Archaea are classified in their own domain
because their chemical makeup differs
from that of bacteria.
• Bacteria and archaea also differ in the
structure and chemical makeup of their
cells.
• Archaea can be found in extreme
environments
e.i. Deep oceans, hot springs, marshlands
(plankton)
Domains and Kingdoms pg. 600
Three Domains of Life
Bacteria and Archaea are unicellular organisms that have no
nucleus. Organisms with cells that contain nuclei are called
Eukarya.
Domain Eukarya pg. 600
Domain Eukarya consists:
• Eukaryotes
• organisms with cells that contain nuclei.
unicellular
multicellular
Domain Eukarya is divided into four kingdoms:
•
•
•
•
protists
fungi
Plants
animals
Pg. 600
The protist kingdom is sometimes called
the “odds and ends” kingdom. It includes:
• any eukaryote that cannot be classified as an
animal, plant, or fungus.
• Some are autotrophs and some can be
heterotrophs
• Most are unicellular (but some can be
multicellular=seaweeds)
Marine Dinoflagettates
Fungi Kingdom:
• Mushrooms, molds, and mildew are all
members of the fungi kingdom.
• Most fungi feed by absorbing nutrients
from dead or decaying organisms.
Apply it!
Aspergillus Fumigatus
Pg. 601
The plant kingdom
• includes a great variety of organisms,
from giant redwood trees to mosses.
• All plants are autotrophs that make
their own food.
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•
•
•
The animal kingdom
All animals are all heterotrophs.
Multicellular eukaryotes
Animals have different adaptations that
allow them to locate food, capture it,
eat it, and digest it.
Live in diverse environments/locations
assess your Understanding