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Sager World History Unit 3: Ancient Greece and Rome Study Guide Ancient Greece Terms Monarchy Oligarchy Democracy Direct Democracy Representative Democracy Athens Sparta Persian War Delian League Peloponnesian War Themistocles Pericles Parthenon Comedy Tragedy Peloponnesian War Socrates Plato Aristotle Macedonia King Phillip II Alexander the Great 1. How did the mountains in Greece affect the organization of Greek communities? 2. The type of rule by powerful individuals, usually nobles or other wealthy citizens, who seize control and rule is called? 3. The rule by a few powerful people is called? 4. The prominent city-state in the south of Greece that has a strong army was? 5. The ruler of Greece that led the Greeks during the Persian Wars and had the strategy to fight the Persians at sea was? 6. The Alliance of Greek City-states formed to protect Greece against attack was? 7. Rule by one person, usually a king, is called? 8. The ruler of Greece that took over after Themistocles and had three he wanted to accomplish for Athens was? 9. The form of government in which citizens rule directly and not through representatives is called? 10. A type of play that has slapstick situations and humor that often makes fun of politicians and respected people is called? 11. A type of play that is a serious drama about common themes such as love, hate, war, and betrayal is called? 12. The two city-states that fought in the Peloponnesian War were? 13. The terms that means “lovers of wisdom?” 14. This philosopher wrote about people’s values and actions and travelled around Greece asking people questions about life 15. This philosopher believed in an utopian society 16. This philosopher developed rules of logic and eventually taught the future king – Alexander the Great 17. Name of the area located north of Greece ruled by King Phillip II? 18. Name of the King that was crowned Pharaoh of Egypt and eventually conquered the Persian Empire and parts of Greece was? Ancient Rome Terms Christianity Romulus and Remus Tiber River Latins Greeks Etruscans The Forum Patricians Plebeians Tribunes Consuls Legions Carthage Punic Wars Hannibal Triumvirate 1. Describe the geography of Rome (Describe three things)? 2. Describe the three early groups of people that settled on the Italian Peninsula and name at least one way they influenced the Roman civilization. 3. What was the heart of Roman political life? What was this similar to in Greece? 4. What is a Republic? What form of government is it similar to? 5. Who had the right to vote in Rome? 6. What two groups struggled for power in Rome? Who had more power and why? 7. What type of people were in the Patricians? 8. What type of people were in the Plebeians? 9. What is the term to describe the elected representatives who protected the rights of the plebeians from patrician officials? 10. What is the term to describe the two officials with limited power that served one- year terms? 11. What did each consul official oversee? 12. The term for the official that would be put in power in times of crisis that had absolute power to make laws and control the army and had power for six months? 13. What was the powerful city that Rome fought in the Punic Wars? 14. Who was the General for the army of Carthage? 15. How many times did Rome defeat the Carthage army and what did this allow them to do? 16. Why did the Roman Republic collapse? 17. What is the legacy of Julius Caesar? Why was he assassinated? 18. What were the most significant contributions of the Roman Emperors? 19. What factors contributed to the fall of the Roman Empire?