Download Ecology Unit Review - Gull Lake Community Schools

Ecology Unit Review
Chapters 4, 5 and 6
From Ch. 4: Ecosystems
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Ecosystem; community; biodiversity
Succession; equilibrium
Terrestrial biomes  group presentations
Aquatic biomes  group presentations
Energy flow; food webs; chains; trophic
levels; energy pyramid; 10% Rule
Cycling of matter; Carbon/oxygen, Nitrogen
and water
From Chpt.5:
Populations and Communities
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Population; species
Growth; exponential and logistic graphs;
examples
Abiotic and biotic factors
Interactions; predator-prey, commensalism,
mutualism, parasitism, herbivory
5-3: Shaping Communities
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How does a species’ niche affect other
organisms?
Niche  the role an organism plays in the community.
This is different than your habitat ( that is where you
live; not what you do)
Fundamental niche = range where you could survive
Realized niche = where you are actually found; this is
greatly influenced by competition for resources
Competition for Resources
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Competitive exclusion
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Resource partitioning
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dif. species of birds in different parts of the tree
Nest parasites
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Introduced species; mussels take over when introduced by
barnacles with no predator
Cow birds lay eggs in other nests (don’t ‘waste’ any of their
energy raising their young)
Kleptoparasitism
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Hyenas steal from lions instead of spending their energy on
a hunt.
Ecosystem Resiliency
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Keystone Species
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Biodiversity
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Crucial to the ecosystems because it impacts the number
and survival of many other species there
Number of species and ratio of species in a given area
Resiliency
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Ability to bounce back or recover after a disaster
Biodiversity increases the resiliency of an ecosystem
Keystone Species
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Sea otters eat sea urchins
Sea urchins eat kelp
Lots of fish species live in
kelp fields
Over hunting of sea otters –
too many urchins – all the
kelp is gone – no habitat for
fish….
Chapter 6: The Environment
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Humans and the environment are
interconnected.
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We need resources from the environment
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Air/oxygen, water, food, shelter, clothes, medicine,
minerals like iron and coal, space and even recreation
and beauty
We impact our surroundings, both positively and
negatively
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Build nature preserves, protect species, monitor data
Deforestation, agricultural run off, poaching, air and
water pollution, landfills
Resources
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Renewable resources
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Things that can be replaced at a rate similar to
the rate at which they are being consumed
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Food, trees – lumber and paper
Non-renewable resources
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Resources that are used and then gone, or
replaced at a rate much slower than they are
being consumed
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Fossil fuels (millions of years),
Vocabulary to Know
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Biodiversity
Succession
Temperate
Tropical
High latitude (altitude)