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Barton Moss Community Primary School 100% Every day Geometry Policy 2015 For more information - http://www.mathsisfun.com/geometry Properties 2d shape Begin recognition in EYFS shape, flat, curved, straight, round, hollow, solid, vertexvertices (not corner), side, end, bigger, larger, smaller, size Recognise and name common 2d shapes (these should be as flat as possible, children will also need to experience many irregular shapes) Rectangle (including square), circle and triangle, pentagon, hexagon, octagon 3d shape Age related expectation at Y1 Recognise and name common 3d shapes. (secure use of language) Describe movement Cuboid (including cube), pyramid, sphere, cone, cylinder Whole, half, quarter, and three quarter turns Different orientations – count faces (curved/flat) and vertices Different orientations – count sides (straight/ curved) to identify name. Triangles always have 3 sides Rectangles and squares always have 4 sides Polygons are any 2d shape which have at least 3 straight sides and three angles. They can be regular and irregular. Most are irregular. Angles Cuboids are 3d shapes with rectangular faces. Pyramids are solid shapes which have a polygon as one face, other faces meet at one opposite apex. They can be regular and irregular. Barton Moss Community Primary School Properties Geometry Policy 2015 2d shape 3d shape 100% Every day Angles Age related expectation at Y2 For children to be using independently (as previous) As Y1 and: Identify and describe the properties of 2d shapes, including the number of sides (equal sides) and line symmetry in a vertical line. Surface, Sort shapes in Venn diagrams line of symmetry, symmetrical, mirror line, reflection, base, squarebased, Vocab: two dimensional (2d – length width or breadth), circular, triangular, rectangular, quadrilateral, polygon. A quadrilateral is a polygon with 4 straight sides and 4 angles (vertices). Most are irregular – identify by counting sides. As Y1 and: Identify 2d shapes on the surface of 3d shapes (circle on a cylinder, triangle on a pyramid) Identify and describe the properties of 3d shapes including the number of faces, edges and vertices. Sort shapes in Venn diagrams As Y1 and: Use mathematical vocabulary to describe movement, including rotation as a turn. Understand the link between rotation and turns in terms of right-angles for quarter, half and three quarter turns (clockwise and anti-clock wise) straight line. A half turn makes a straight line. Vocab: three dimensional (3d – length, width or breadth and height), prism A prism has flat sides and has the same cross section along its length. The cross-section will always be a polygon. There are no curved faces in a prism. A prism is named after its base (triangular based prism) A cuboid/cube is also a prism. Barton Moss Community Primary School Properties Geometry Policy 2015 2d shape 3d shape 100% Every day Angles Age related expectation at Y3 For children to be using independently As Y2 and: Draw 2d shapes and describe them. (as previous) Identify horizontal and vertical lines and pairs of perpendicular (at right angles) and parallel lines/sides (equal distance apart). Right-angled, regular, irregular, parallel, perpendicular As Y2 and: Make 3d shapes using ‘clixi’ plastic polygons. Recognise 3d shapes in different orientations and describe them. faces, edges and vertices. Recognise angles as a property of shape or description of a turn. Identify right-angles, recognise that two right angles make a half turn, three makes three quarters of a turn and four a complete turn. Identify whether angles are greater than or less than a right angle. Vocab: semi-circle, pentagonal, hexagonal, octagonal, parallelogram, rhombus, trapezium. Parallelograms are special types of quadrilaterals. A rhombus is also a parallelogram. A square is a quadrilateral, a parallelogram, a rectangle and a rhombus. Many shapes have several names according to their properties (see properties sheet) Vocab: hemisphere (half a sphere), Spheres and hemispheres are ‘nonpolyhedron’ (not all faces are polygons). Barton Moss Community Primary School Properties Geometry Policy 2015 2d shape 3d shape 100% Every day Angles Age related expectation at Y4 For children to be using independently Line, net, angle, concave, convex, open, closed, line symmetry Use Venn and Caroll diagrams for sorting Compare and classify 2d geometric shapes, including quadrilaterals and triangles, based on their properties (sides and angles) and sizes. Vocab: equilateral, isosceles, scalene triangles, heptagon, kite Identify lines of symmetry in 2d shapes presented in different orientations. Complete a simple symmetric figure with respect to a specific line of symmetry. Compare and classify 3d geometric shapes, based on their properties (faces, edges and vertices) and sizes. Identify acute and obtuse angles and compare and order angles up to 2 right angles by size. (use set squares, known right angles to compare) Introduce ‘nets’. Investigate nets of boxes. Know the sum of the angles of a triangle are 180° Introduce perpendicular and parallel faces. A triangular pyramid is also a tetrahedron (4 faces) Look at angles in different orientations. Vocab: degree, acute, obtuse, ruler, set squares, angle measurer (protractor) Continue to identify horizontal and vertical lines and pairs of perpendicular (at right angles) and parallel lines/sides. Vocab: polyhedron (pl - polyhedra) spherical, cylindrical, tetrahedron, Polyhedron (many faces) are 3d shapes with polygons as faces. They are named after the number of faces. These are all pairs of parallel lines Barton Moss Community Primary School Properties Geometry Policy 2015 2d shape 3d shape 100% Every day Angles Age related expectation at Y5 For children to be using independently Congruent (same shape and size) , similar (same shape, not size), axis of symmetry, reflective symmetry, diagonals (intersect/ bisect) No new 2d shapes. Distinguish between regular and irregular polygons based on reasoning about equal sides and angles. Recognise the properties of an octahedron (pl - octahedra)-8 faces, dodecahedron, 12 faces. Use the properties of rectangles to deduce related facts and find missing lengths and angles. Know angles are measured in degrees: estimate and compare acute, obtuse and reflex angles. Use a protractor to draw given angles, and measure them in degrees. Investigate the diagonals of quadrilaterals (intersect, bisect) Identify 3d shapes, including cubes and other cuboids from 2d representations Continue to visualise nets. Identify: - angles at a point and one whole turn (360°) - angles at a point on a straight line and ½ a turn (total 180°) - other multiples of 90° Barton Moss Community Primary School Properties Geometry Policy 2015 2d shape 3d shape 100% Every day Angles Age related expectation at Y6 For children to be using independently Introduce circles. Compare and classify 2d shapes based on their properties (sides/ angles/ diagonals) Circumference and sizes. (distance around edge of circle), radius (distance from side to centre of circle), diameter (distance from side to opposite side through centre) , concentric (equal distance from centre) arc, intersecting (diagonals crossing), bisect (cut in half) intersection (where they cross) plane (2d) Draw 2d shapes using given dimensions and angles. Illustrate and name parts of circles, including: radius, diameter, and circumference and know that the diameter is twice the radius. Recognise, describe and build simple 3d shapes, including making nets. Recognise where angles meet at a point, are on a straight line, or are vertically opposite, and find missing angles. Find unknown angles in any triangles, quadrilaterals and regular polygons.