Download El 11 de abril, 2016: Direct Objects and Direct Object Pronouns

El 11 de abril, 2016: Direct Objects and Direct Object Pronouns (DOP), pg. 230 textbook
Direct object: receives the action of the verb.
- Ask “who?” or “what?” to identify the DIRECT OBJECT NOUN in a sentence.
- Usually, it’s located AFTER the conjugated verb in both English and Spanish. See both
examples below:
English: I buy a dog.
- break down parts of speech to help identify: I- subject, buy- conjugated verb, a- indef. art,
dog- D.O. noun
Spanish: Yo compro un perro.
- Ask yourself: I buy what? (receives action of the verb)- A DOG. Dog is the direct object noun.
DIRECT OBJECT PRONOUNS:
To make a simpler sentence, I want to REPLACE the direct object noun with a DIRECT OBJECT
PRONOUN (an “it” (to replace “dog”). You don’t want to keep repeating the noun, so you replace it
with a pronoun.
Write the Spanish pronouns:
_____________- me
______________- us
_____________- you (inf)
______________- you all (inf)
___________- he/it (masculine, singular)
___________- them (objects and people, masculine, plural)
___________- she/it (feminine, singular)
____________- them (objects and people, feminine, plural)
General Rule (one or 2 verbs present):
When you REPLACE the direct object noun with a pronoun above, you MUST get rid of the noun, just
like in English. See example below:
English: I buy a dog. I buy it.
- I have to replace “a dog” with “it,” which is a pronoun.
The pronoun you will choose, depends on whether the direct object NOUN is masculine, feminine,
singular or plural. In the above example, “a dog” (un perro) is masculine, singular in Spanish.
Therefore, the DOP required is “LO.”
1.
Rules- with one verb in your sentence (it must be conjugated):
Once you determine the D.O.P, it is placed
o BEFORE the conjugated verb if there is one verb present. 1 verb, 1 option. See example:
 Spanish: Yo compro un perro. Yo LO compro. (Yo compro un perro).
 Breakdown: replace “un perro” with “LO.”
 Place BEFORE the conjugated verb, “compro” because there is one verb
in the sentence. Lit: It I buy.
o Once you learn more tenses, such as present progressive, preterit,
imperfect, etc., it can be any tense with the same rule followed.
OVER
Rules- with 2 verbs in your sentence (first one MUST be conjugated):
With 2 verbs in your sentence:
o One will be conjugated.
o The other will be an infinitive or a verb phrase, such as:
 simple future (ir a inf), simple past (acabar de inf), conj + infinitive (to…),
obligation (tener que inf, hay que inf), present progressive (estar + present part.)
1. 1ST OPTION: once you determine the DOP, it is placed:
o BEFORE the conjugated verb if there is one verb present. See example:
 Spanish: Yo compro un perro. Yo LO compro. (Yo compro un perro).
 Breakdown: replace “un perro” with “LO.”
 Place BEFORE the conjugated verb, “compro” because there is one verb
in the sentence. Lit: It I buy.
ND
2. 2 OPTION determine the DOP, then place:
o ATTACHED to the infinitive if there are 2 verbs present. REMEMBER: 2 verbs, 2 options.
See example:
 English: I want to buy a dog.
 breakdown: I- subject, want- conjugated verb (verb 1), to buy- infinitive
(verb 2), a- indef. art, dog- D.O. noun (a what? dog).
 Spanish: Yo quiero comprar un perro.
 Yo LO quiero comprar.
OR
 Yo quiero comprarLO.
Other verb phrase examples:
English: I am going to buy a dog. I just bought a dog. I have to buy a dog. I am buying a dog.
Spanish: Yo voy a comprar un perro. Yo acabo de comprar un perro. Yo tengo que comprar un
perro. Yo estoy comprando un perro.
Examples with one verb
1. Statement with D.O. NOUN- She has 5 hats. Ella tiene cinco sombreros
a. She has what?
i. (5) hats
2. Statement with D.O. PRONOUN- She has them.
a. “them” refers to the hats (sombreros- los, masculine, plural)
i. Sometimes, if you recall the def. art., it gives away the D.O. pronoun.
3. New sentence: She has them.
a. Ella LOS tiene.
i. 1 verb, 1 option  BEFORE the conjugated verb (tiene).
b. Note: get rid of numbers and adjectives with nouns when replacing the noun with a
DOP.
i. Notice: I didn’t include “cinco” like in the original sentence because it goes with
“hats.”
See next page for practice 
Practica. Write ALL sentences in Spanish. There’s a variety of 1 and 2 verbs with pronouns:
1. We read a book. ________________________________________________________________________
We read it. _______________________________________________________________________________
We want to read a book. _____________________________________________________________
We plan to read it. ___________________________________________________________________
2. They write letters (cartas). ________________________________________________________________
They write them. __________________________________________________________________________
They prefer to write letters. _________________________________________________________________
They prefer to write them. _________________________________________________________________
3. (Are) you (inf) studying Spanish? ___________________________________________________________
(Are) you (inf) studying it? ________________________________________________________________
I study Spanish. __________________________________________________________________________
I study it. __________________________________________________________________________________
*remember main verbs needed  do, does, are, am, is, etc is sometimes implied in
Spanish questions.
**LO/LA CANNOT BE USED AS A SUBJECT FOR “IT.” A DIRECT OBJECT/DIRECT OBJECT PRONOUN is NOT
a subject.
En clase: libro, pg. 231, ACT 13. Maribel and her friend are talking about the cltohes they want to
buy for a party on Saturday. Complete their instant message with the correct direct object pronoun
(DOP). Write it on the blank in Spanish.
1.
___________
2. ___________
3. ___________
4. ___________
5. ___________
6. ___________
 Tarea: paquete 2, papel E