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Transcript
Paper Proteins ................................................................................. 1 Overview ................................................................................... 1 Brief Background Information .................................................. 3 Setup ......................................................................................... 3 Procedure .................................................................................. 4 Vocabulary ................................................................................ 5 Amino Acid Instruction Sheet ................................................... 7 Protein Instruction Sheet .......................................................... 8 4th – 6th grade In this activity, students have fun using a “magic circle” origami template to assemble individual amino acids and connect them together to make a protein. They have the opportunity to discover the relationship between amino acids and proteins as well as better understand the complexity of protein folding. Proteins are macromolecules made of amino acids Proteins can fold into 3-D shapes. Their functions depend on their configuration or shape. The term “protein” may connote red meat. They may confuse atoms and cells; molecules and atoms. Students use an origami template to design eight amino acids and then attach them together to form a protein. S1C2PO1 S1C3PO2 S1C3PO5 S1C4PO1 S1C4PO3 S1C1PO1 S1C2PO1 S1C3PO4 S1C3PO5 S1C4PO1 S1C4PO3 S5C1PO1 S1C2PO1 S1C3PO3 S1C3PO6 S1C4PO3 S1C4PO5 Arizona Science Center, azscience.org 1 SL.4.1 SL.4.3 L.4.4 SL.5.1 SL.5.3 L.5.4 SL.6.1 SL.6.4 L.6.4 Basic Functions (3-5) Deriving Energy from Food From food, people obtain fuel and materials for body repair and growth. Basic Functions (6-8) Deriving Energy from Food For the body to use food for energy and building materials, the food must first be digested into molecules that are absorbed and transported to cells. Modeling across topics such as matter and energy (Modeling is fore grounded) Across Grades 4 – 8 Important aspects of understanding and engaging in using models, (constructing, critiquing, and revising models) as well as important aspects of the nature of models (understanding that models are tools for making predictions and explanations). Laboratory experiences in life sciences Grades 1 – 13 Modeling is concerned with capturing key relations among ideas rather than surface appearance Grades K – 8 We can learn about the world through modeling Arguments use reasoning to connect ideas and data Grades K – 8 We can learn about the world through argument Back to Table of Contents Arizona Science Center, azscience.org 2 Proteins are made of small building blocks called amino acids. Humans can make all but 8 amino acids in our bodies. Humans acquire the 8 amino acids we do not make in our bodies by eating food. When we eat animal or vegetable protein, our body breaks down the protein back into amino acids. Once digested, the amino acids are then put back together to create new and different proteins the body needs to function. Proteins are 3-dimensional. The particular 3-dimensional shape of the protein depends on the amino acid sequence, and it is the 3dimensional shape of the protein that gives it its specific function. When a protein bends and twists to form its 3-D shape, this is called protein folding. Back to Table of Contents 15 minutes for preparation, 50 minutes to conduct activity Each student will need: Amino Acid Instruction Sheet Protein Instruction Sheet Colored Paper (8.5” x 11”) – 8 Pieces (Note: different colors of paper represent different amino acids. Since there are 20 different amino acids, the more colors, the better) (15 minutes) Make copies of: Amino Acid Instruction Sheet (5 minutes) Protein Instruction Sheet (5 minutes) Organize colored paper into stacks (5 minutes) Back to Table of Contents Arizona Science Center, azscience.org 3 1. Ask students what they think of when they hear the words, building block? Ask them to give examples of what they think building blocks are. Using those examples, ask them what those building blocks create (for example, bricks could make a building, rocks could make a mountain, and pages could make a book). 2. Ask students what they know of or remember about protein (Note: students who participated in the Venom! lab activity may have more information than those who have not). Accept all answers. 3. Inform/Remind students that proteins are important to our bodies for many reasons. Proteins are involved in almost everything cells do. For example, enzymes are proteins responsible for speeding up chemical reactions in our bodies, hemoglobin is the protein molecule in red blood cells that carries oxygen from the lungs to the body's tissues and returns carbon dioxide from the tissues to the lungs, collagen is a protein responsible for providing structure and support to our bodies, and the immune system has a whole host of proteins that help protect our bodies from imbalance. Proteins can signal, link, and transport cell materials. 4. Inform/Remind students that proteins are made of building blocks called amino acids. Many amino acids linked together create a protein. There are 20 different kinds of amino acids. 5. Inform students that they will use origami art to create eight amino acids and then link them together to create a protein. Note: Have a model already created so students can see what they are working to create. 6. Hand out copies of Amino Acid Instruction Sheet and Protein Instruction Sheet to each student. Allow students to choose the colors they want for their protein. Remind students that they will be creating eight (8) amino acids. Students may help each other troubleshoot directions. 7. After proteins have been created, have students share their protein design with the class. Arizona Science Center, azscience.org 4 What was your experience folding the paper into amino acids? Was it easy or challenging to make the protein? What do you think it would be like to create a protein that was 100 amino acids long? Back to Table of Contents Atom (/ˈatəm/): the basic unit of matter, sometimes described as building blocks. Amino Acid (əˈmēnō/ /ˈasid/): building blocks of larger molecules called proteins. The amino acids are arranged like beads on a string. There are 21 common amino acids in proteins. Building Block (): a basic element or part of something. Something small of which something bigger is made. Cell (sel/): the smallest structural and functional unit of an organism Collagen (/ˈkäləjən/): a protein responsible for providing structure and support to our bodies. Enzyme (/ˈenzīm/): proteins responsible for speeding up chemical reactions in our bodies. Hemoglobin (ˈhēməˌglōbin/): a protein molecule in red blood cells that carries oxygen from the lungs to the body's tissues and returns carbon dioxide from the tissues to the lungs Macromolecule (/ˈmakrō ˈmäləˌkyool/): A very large molecule, such as a protein, consisting of many smaller structural units linked together. Molecule (/ˈmäləˌkyool/) a group of two or more atoms that stick together. Protein (/ˈprōˌtē(ə)n/): molecules made from tiny building blocks called amino acids, and are a vital part of all living things. They are Arizona Science Center, azscience.org 5 part of everything that happens within cells. Their main function is to heal wounds, fight infection and build muscle. Protein Folding: when a protein bends and twists to form its 3-D shape. Back to Table of Contents Arizona Science Center, azscience.org 6 Arizona Science Center, azscience.org Video instructions can also be found in the Venom! unit at http://askabiologist.asu.edu/body-depot . Arizona Science Center, azscience.org