Download CHAPTER 15 LECTURE QUESTIONS

CHAPTER 15 LECTURE QUESTIONS
NAME_________________________________________________DATE_____________
1. What is the difference between endocrine glands and exocrine glands? _____________
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2. In what two ways is hormone secretion controlled? _____________________________
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3. What is the relationship between the hypothalamus and the pituitary gland? _______
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4. What two hormones does the hypothalamus produce? __________________________
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Where are these two hormones stored? ______________________________________
5. What are two other names for the pituitary gland? ____________________________
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6. What are the 2 portions of the pituitary gland? _________________________________
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7. What are the 7 hormones produced by the anterior pituitary?
a. _________________________________________________________________
b. __________________________________________________________________
c. __________________________________________________________________
d. __________________________________________________________________
e. __________________________________________________________________
f. __________________________________________________________________
g. __________________________________________________________________
8. What effect does growth hormone have on the following nutrients?
a. proteins:__________________________________________________________
b. lipids:____________________________________________________________
c. carbohydrates:_____________________________________________________
9. What is the condition that results from a growth hormone deficiency? _____________
_____________________________ A growth hormone excess? __________________
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10. What is BST and why is it used? ___________________________________________
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11. This hormone triggers and maintains lactation:__________________________________
CHAPTER 15 LECTURE QUESTIONS PT. 2
12. What hormone from the anterior pituitary stimulates growth and development of the
thyroid gland? _________________________________________________________
13. This hormone from the anterior pituitary stimulates growth and development of the
adrenal gland: ________________________________________________________
14. This hormone from the anterior pituitary stimulates growth and development of the
follicles in the ovaries? _______________________________________________
15. As the maturing follicle grows, it secretes increasing amounts of _______________. This
causes a surge of __________________________________ to be released by the
pituitary.
16. The LH surge causes _________________________________________ in females.
a. In males, LH causes the interstitial cells to produce _____________________
17. This hormone is associated with color changes in animals that changes skin
color:__________________________________________________________________
18. Does the posterior pituitary produce any hormones? ___________________________
19. What two hormones are stored in the posterior pituitary? ____________________
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20. ADH helps to prevent ____________________________________________________
a. ADH acts on what organ? ___________________________________________
b. A deficiency of ADH causes what disease? ___________________________
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21. What effects does oxytocin have on the uterus and mammary glands?
a. uterus: __________________________________________________________
b. mammary glands: ________________________________________________
22. Where is the thyroid gland located? ________________________________________
a. In some species, the 2 lobes of the thyroid gland are connected by a structure
called the _____________________________________________________
23. What two hormones are produced by the thyroid? ___________________________
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24. The thyroid hormone is actually 2 hormones called __________________________
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a. These hormones are named according to the number of ________________
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b. Which one is considered the main thyroid hormone? ___________________
25. Explain the calorigenic effect of thyroid hormone?__________________________
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26. What effect does thyroid hormone have on the following nutrients:
a. proteins: _________________________________________________________
b. Carbohydrate: _____________________________________________________
c. Lipids: ____________________________________________________________
27. How does calcitonin balance calcium levels? ________________________________
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a. Increased levels of calcium in the blood is ________________________________
28. Where are the parathyroid glands located? __________________________________
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29. How does the parathyroid hormone balance calcium levels? _____________________
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a. Decreased levels of calcium in the blood is ______________________________
CHAPTER 15 LECTURE QUESTIONS PT.3
30. What are the two portions of the adrenal gland? _______________________________
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31. Under the direction of ACTH, what hormones are produced by the adrenal cortex?
a. _________________________________________________________________
b. _________________________________________________________________
c. _________________________________________________________________
32. Under the control of the sympathetic nervous system, what are the hormones produced
by the adrenal medulla?
a. __________________________________________________________________
b. _________________________________________________________________
33. Give examples of glucocorticoids: ___________________________________________
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34. What effect do glucocorticoid hormones have on the blood glucose levels? __________
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35. What effect do glucocorticoid hormones have on protein and lipid metabolism? ____
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36. What disease results from too much glucocorticoid hormone in the body? ________
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37. What disease results from too little glucocorticoid hormone in the body? __________
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38. What is the job of mineralocorticoids? _______________________________________
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39. What is the prinicipal mineralocorticoid hormone? ______________________________
a. Where does aldosterone have its effects? _______________________________
b. Aldosterone causes reabsorption of ___________________________________
40. The two classes of sex hormones are _________________________________ and
_______________________________________.
41. Epinephrine and norepinephrine are important in what response? _________________
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42. The pancreas is a flat organ that lies next to what portion of the small intestine? ______
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43. What 3 hormones are produced by the pancreatic islets?
a. __________________________________________________________________
i. What cells produce insulin? ____________________________________
b. __________________________________________________________________
c. __________________________________________________________________
44. What effect does insulin have on the blood glucose level? ________________________
45. What effect does glucagon have on the blood glucose level? _____________________
a. How does glucagon do this? __________________________________________
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46. What is the function of somatostatin? _______________________________________
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47. What are 4 clinical signs associated with Diabetes Mellitus? _____________________
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48. In addition to their blood-filtering duties, the kidneys produce the hormone
_______________________________________________
a. Lack of red blood cell production may result in ___________________________
49. The stomach wall produces a hormone called _________________________________
50. How does gastrin affect the production of HCl? _________________________________
51. What two hormones are secreted by the small intestine?
a. __________________________________________________________________
b. ____________________ _______________________________________
52. What hormone produced in large amounts by the placenta in human and horses and is
the basis for over-the-counter pregnancy tests? _________________________________
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53. What is the function of the thymus? _________________________________________
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a. What hormones are produced by the thymus? ____________________________
and _______________________________________________________________
b. What is the function of the hormones produced by the thymus? ______________
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54. The pineal body secretes this hormone? _______________________________________
55. What is the function of melatonin? __________________________________________
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56. This group of prostaglandins plays a role in the initiation of inflammation in the body:
______________________________________________________________________
57. What is the clinical significance of prostaglandin F2-alpha? ______________________
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