Download A. Definition: The endocrine system is composed of ductless glands

A. Definition: The endocrine system
is composed of ductless glands,
accessory organs and widespread
endocrine tissues which
synthesize and secrete hormones
into blood or lymph to maintain
homeostasis and regulate
metabolic activities.
1. What is a target
tissue?
a. has receptor
specific to hormone
in M/B
b. cells of this tissue
are activated by H
c. all of the above
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a. one that effects another
gland
b. one to which the cell
M/B is permeable
c. a and b
a. a hormone made by neurons
b. a hormone made by the
hypothalamus or adrenal medulla
c. a hormone made of cholesterol
d. no such thing, teach
A. Pituitary
B. Thyroid
C. Parathyroid
D. Adrenal
E. Pineal
F. Thymus
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Pituitary gland (hypophysis) is attached
to the hypothalamus by the infundibulum
It has an anterior and posterior lobe
1. The Posterior lobe (neural
tissue) is storage area for
oxytocin & ADH.
a. ADH/AVP controls blood
volume and thus blood
pressure
2. Anterior lobe is glandular
(epithelial)
a. makes & stores 6
hormones
b.Has a vascular
connection to the
hypothalamus thru the
hypophyseal portal veins,
so that hypothalamic
hormones reach and
regulate anterior pituitary.
a.
b.
c.
d.
e.
TSH
hGH
PRL
LH
Somatostatin
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1. Located in
anterior throat,
inferior to larynx
of trachea
2. In addition to T4
and T3 (which
accelerate
metabolism)
calcitonin is
secreted. It puts
Ca salts into
bone.
Four embedded in back
of Thyroid
1. Parathormone (PTH)
secreted by chief
cells increase Ca++
in blood
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Located on top of each
kidney
1. Adrenal cortex
secretes > 24
corticosteroids,
which easily enter
cell.
2. 3 types of hormones
here
3. Which of the following is not one
of the 3 types of hormones
synthesized in the adrenal
cortex?
a. Mineralocorticoid, aldosterone
b. Glucocorticoid, cortisol
c. Gonadocorticoids, DHEA
d. Sympathetic NS hormone,
epinephrine
is neural tissue,
synthesizes epi and
norepi in chromafin
cells
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Very small gland in
brain, between 2
lobes of thalamus
(controls sleep/wake
cycles via melatonin)
Just above heart is
responsible for
maturation of T cells
of immune system.
Hormones include
thymosin and
thymopoietin.
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A. Pancreas
B. Gonads
1. Ovaries
2. Testes
C. Heart
D. Kidney
Islets of Langerhans produce insulin and
glucagon, Insulin, secreted by beta cells
enables glucose to enter the cell. Glucagon
takes glucose out of the cell in times of
starvation, raising amount of sugar in blood.
Gonads covered w/ reproduction
1. Secretes atrial naturetic hormone ANP
to fine tune blood pressure and
volume by blocking renin, thus,
lowering blood pressure.
1. Secretes Erythropoietin to increase
RBC production
2. Secretes Renin which controls blood
pressure.
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