Download The Immune System and Disease for Potential Doctors

The Immune System and
Disease for Potential Doctors
Name
Biology
Westminster High School
Mr. Lester
2008OCT07
Task
• The Learner produces an MS PowerPoint presentation
to aid a Potential Doctor in learning about the Immune
System and Diseases.
• Fill in the slides with the appropriate information for the
Key Concepts Include written word, pictures, diagrams,
graphs, etc. Provide definitions for vocabulary. You may
make a basic presentation or an advanced one,
depending on your technology skill level.
• Provide question and answer slides for the Quiz for
Potential Doctors.
• Be sure the last slide of the presentation lists all the
addresses of the sites used in putting the presentation
together – Works Cited.
Key Concepts
• What causes disease?
• How are infectious diseases transmitted?
• What are the body’s nonspecific defenses against
invading pathogens?
• What are the body’s specific defenses against invading
pathogens?
• What is immunity?
• What is an autoimmune disease?
• What is the basic mechanism of cancer?
• How is cancer treated?
• What does it mean that diseases are associated with risk
factors?
• What is the difference between prevention and early
detection of diseases?
What causes disease?
How are infectious diseases transmitted?
What are the body’s nonspecific defenses
against invading pathogens?
What are the body’s specific defenses against
invading pathogens?
What is immunity?
What is an autoimmune disease?
What is the basic mechanism of
cancer?
How is cancer treated?
What does it mean that diseases are
associated with risk factors?
What is the difference between prevention and
early detection of diseases?
Vocabulary - Causing Disease
•
•
•
•
disease
pathogen
germ theory of disease
Koch’s postulates
Vocabulary - Causing Disease
• toxin
• vector
• antigen
Vocabulary – Body Responses
•
•
•
•
•
•
•
•
antibody
cell-mediated immunity
inflammatory response
fever
immune response
inflammatory response
interferon
humoral immunity
Vocabulary – Body Responses
•
•
•
•
permanent immunity.
active immunity
allergy
histamine
Vocabulary – Body Responses
•
•
•
•
asthma
tumor
malignant
metastasis
Vocabulary – Medical Responses
• antibiotic
• chemotherapy
• vaccination
Infectious Disease Summary
• Some diseases are inherited. Others are
caused by materials in the environment. Still
others are produce by organisms such as
bacteria and fungi.
• Some infectious diseases are spread from one
person to another through coughing, sneezing,
or physical contact. Other infectious diseases
are spread through contaminated water or food.
Still other are spread by infected animals.
The Immune System Summary
• Your body’s most important nonspecific
defense is the skin.
• The inflammatory response is a
nonspecific defense reaction to tissue
damage caused by injury or disease.
• Once the body has been exposed to a
pathogen, millions of memory B and T
cells remain capable of producing specific
antibodies to that pathogen.
Immune System Disorders
Summary
• When the immune system makes a
mistake and attacks the body’s own cells,
it produces an autoimmune disease.
Cancer Summary
• Cancers begin when something goes
wrong with the controls that normally
regulate cell growth and division.
• Treatments for cancer fall into three
general categories: surgery, radiation
therapy, and drug therapy.
Quiz for Potential Doctors
Q1. Any change, other than an injury, that
disrupts the normal functions of a person’s
body is a _____.
a. disease
b. pathogen
c. toxin
d. vector
Quiz for Potential Doctors
Q2 . Disease-causing agents such as
viruses, bacteria, and worms are known
as _____.
a. antibodies
b. antigens
c. pathogens
d. toxins
Quiz for Potential Doctors
Q3 . The germ theory of disease was
established by _____.
a. Steere
b. Koch
c. Hooke
d. Salk
Quiz for Potential Doctors
Q4 . The most important nonspecific
defense against pathogens is your
_____.
a. tears
b. mucus
c. skin
d. saliva
Quiz for Potential Doctors
Q5 . A nonspecific defense reaction to tissue
damage caused by injury or infection is
known as the _____.
a. inflammatory response
b. active immunity
c. cell-mediated immunity
d. permanent immunity
Quiz for Potential Doctors
Q6 . The swelling and pain associated with
an inflammatory response are cause by
_____.
a. secretion of antibodies
b. expansion of local blood vessels
c. secretion of antigens
d. white blood cells destroying bacteria
Quiz for Potential Doctors
Q7 . A protein that helps other cells resist
viral infection is _____.
a. interferon
b. penicillin
c. prednisone
d. histamine
Quiz for Potential Doctors
Q8 . Draw an antibody and label its site
(parts)
Quiz for Potential Doctors
Q9 . A substance that triggers the specific
defenses of the immune system is a(n)
_____.
a. antibody
b. antigen
c. B cell
d. pathogen
Quiz for Potential Doctors
Q10 . Allergy-causing antigens attach
themselves to mast cells that release
chemicals known as _____.
a. antibodies
b. antigens
c. histamines
d. pathogens
Quiz for Potential Doctors
Q11 . Describe the germ theory of diseases.
Quiz for Potential Doctors
Q12 . List the five types of pathogens that
are responsible for the spread of
infectious disease. Give an example of a
disease that each specific pathogen may
cause.
Quiz for Potential Doctors
Q13 . Describe how antibiotics work.
Quiz for Potential Doctors
Q14 . What is the function of a fever?
Quiz for Potential Doctors
Q15 . Describe how people acquired
immunity to a disease before the
development of vaccines.
Quiz for Potential Doctors
Q16 . Distinguish between humoral
immunity and cell-mediated immunity.
Quiz for Potential Doctors
Q17 . Describe the roles of helper T cells
and killer T cells.
Quiz for Potential Doctors
Q18 . Explain why allergies are not
classified as autoimmune diseases.
Quiz for Potential Doctors
Q19 . Distinguish between a malignant and
a benign tumor.
Quiz for Potential Doctors
Q20 . Describe what is meant by the term
metastasis.
Quiz for Potential Doctors
Q21 . Essay – Select a specific infectious disease and
a. explain how the pathogen comes in contact with the body;
b. provide a description of the first symptom of the disease and the first defense
response of the body.
c. provide a description of further symptoms and immune responses as the
disease moves to different sites within the body.
d. explain the final results of the disease conflict.
e. describe any long-term effects on the body from the disease.
tuberculosis
measles
rabies
tetanus
peptic ulcer disease
Rocky Mountain spotted fever
urinary tract infection
brucellois
acute enteritis
Legionnaire’s disease
meningitidis
gonnorrhoeae
malaria
typhoid fever
black plague
typhus
whooping cough
tularemia
leprosy
ricketts
influenza
diphtheria
Lyme disease
anthrax
botulism
Hansen’s disease
pneumonia
common cold
syphilis
Works Cited