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Transcript
NNPS Curriculum Pacing Guide – Earth Science NNPS Curriculum Pacing Guide Earth Science Grades 9-12 The Earth Science standards connect the study of the Earth’s composition, structure, processes, and history; its atmosphere, fresh water, and oceans; and its environment in space. The standards emphasize historical contributions in the development of scientific thought about the Earth and space. The standards stress the interpretation of maps, charts, tables, and profiles; the use of technology to collect, analyzes, and report data; and the utilization of science skills in systematic investigation. Problem solving and decision making are an integral part of the standards, especially as they relate to the costs and benefits of utilizing the Earth’s resources. Major topics of study include plate tectonics, the rock cycle, Earth history, the oceans, the atmosphere, weather and climate, and the solar system and universe. The Earth Science standards continue to focus on student growth in understanding the nature of science. This scientific view defines the idea that explanations of nature are developed and tested using observation, experimentation, models, evidence, and systematic processes. The nature of science includes the concepts that scientific explanations are based on logical thinking; are subject to rules of evidence; are consistent with observational, inferential, and experimental evidence; are open to rational critique; and are subject to refinement and change with the addition of new scientific evidence. The nature of science includes the concept that science can provide explanations about nature, can predict potential consequences of actions, but cannot be used to answer all questions. Revised on: May 28th, 2013 NNPS Curriculum Pacing Guide – Earth Science 1st Marking Period Estimated Enduring Understandings Time Unit Title: Nature of Science 3 Blocks Scientific Inquiry focuses on and aims to explain the natural world. Experimentation involves testable ideas and conclusions rely on evidence. Experimental conclusions most often lead to ongoing research. Scientific experimentation includes sharing ideas and conclusions with the scientific community. Essential Questions Estimated Enduring Understandings Time Unit Title: Astronomy 9 Blocks The universe is vast in size, very old, and expanding. Stars evolve over time. Gravitational forces shape the universe. The planets rotate on an axis and orbit the sun in the plane of the ecliptic. Our moon influences life on earth. How do scientific investigations help us understand the natural world? To what extent do questions and dialogue help scientists? How do analyzing and interpreting evidence help scientists make decisions? How do scientists use reasoning skills and creative thinking to solve problems? Topics Essential Questions What was the effect of the Big Bang? How do stars change over time? What relationships, if any, exist among the planets? What are the effects of the sun and moon on earth? How has space exploration contributed to our lives on earth? Valid Experimentation Scientific Measurement Laboratory Safety Basic Concepts of Science Topics Big Bang Doppler Effect Galaxies Stellar Evolution Solar System Sun-Earth-Moon Relationships Radiation Space Exploration Standards ES 1, 2 Standards ES 3, 13 Revised on: May 28th, 2013 NNPS Curriculum Pacing Guide – Earth Science Estimated Enduring Understandings Time Unit Title: Meteor0logy 9 Blocks Earth's atmosphere has changed, and will continue to do so, as a result of both geological and biological processes. The rotation of the earth affects the movement of fluids. Energy transfer between the sun and earth's surface creates climate and weather patterns. The climate and weather on earth is affected by the composition of the atmosphere. Essential Questions How has earth’s atmosphere changed over time? How are climate feedback mechanisms on earth related to those on other planets in our solar system? How could biological activity, including humans, influence climate? How can we measure and predict local weather phenomena? Topics Earth’s Atmosphere Climates Weather Winds Convection, Conduction, Advection Satellite Imagery Latitude and Longitude Standards ES 11, 12 2ndMarking Period Estimated Enduring Understandings Time Unit Title: Science Fair Preparations 1 Block Scientists share the results and conclusions developed during experimentation in a number of ways. Essential Questions In what ways can scientific experimentation and research be shared ? Which components of an experiment should be included in a research paper and in what order? What must be included in the presentation of a science experiment? Topics Standards Research Paper Format Backboard (ppt) Format Final Deadlines ES 1, 2 Revised on: May 28th, 2013 NNPS Curriculum Pacing Guide – Earth Science Estimated Enduring Understandings Time Unit Title: Minerals and Rocks 5 Blocks Rocks are made of minerals. Minerals are important to human health and welfare. Rocks can change due to geologic processes. Essential Questions Topics What difference between rocks and minerals? What techniques are used in the identification of minerals and rocks? How can rocks change over time? What are the consequences of plate tectonics? How do earth’s landforms change over time? What landscapes are a result of tectonic processes? Rock Cycle Properties of Minerals and Rocks Minerals and Rocks as Resources Standards ES 4, 5 Unit Title: Geologic Processes 9 Blocks Most landforms and seafloor features are formed by the movement of crustal plates along boundaries. The interior of the earth is composed of layers of different densities, temperatures, and compositions. . Layers of the Earth Plate Tectonics Seismic Activity Volcanic Activity and Volcanoes Mountain-Building ES 7 Unit Title: Mapping 3 Blocks Scientists use maps, globes, models, charts, technology and imagery to interpret and measure the world. How can a 3-dimensional feature be represented on a 2-dimensional map? 2 Blocks Coordinate Mapping Map Scale Topographic Mapping GPS ES 1, 3 Midterm Review Revised on: May 28th, 2013 NNPS Curriculum Pacing Guide – Earth Science 3rd Marking Period Estimated Enduring Understandings Time Unit Title: Hydrology 7 Blocks Water moves through the earth's systems constantly and continuously. Carbonate rocks result in karst features. Infiltration of water into porous and permeable materials results in the formation of aquifers. Earth’s surface can be shaped by weathering, erosion, and deposition. Essential Questions How does water travel throughout the spheres of earth? How does karst topography affect humans? How do humans impact the hydrosphere? Topics Standards Hydrologic Cycle Weathering, Erosion, Deposition Soil Formation Freshwater Sources Groundwater Zones Karst Topography Human Usage and Impact on Water ES 8 Earth’s Changing Oceans Seafloor Features Chemical Composition Waves, Tides, Currents Impact due to Humans and Natural Disasters ES 10 Unit Title: Oceanography 7 Blocks Energy transfer occurs among the earth's oceans, atmosphere, and interior. The sun and moon affect earth's oceans. The ocean is a dynamic system in which many chemical, biological, and physical changes are taking place. How do earth’s oceans distribute heat? How do earth’s oceans affect global and local climate and weather? What are the causes and effects of ocean water movement? In what ways have the earth’s oceans changed over time? Revised on: May 28th, 2013 NNPS Curriculum Pacing Guide – Earth Science Estimated Enduring Understandings Time Unit Title: Historical Geology 6 Blocks The geological processes observed today also occurred in the past. Geological evidence from strata depicts earth's history. Radioactive isotopes decay at a known rate aiding the dating of objects. Essential Questions What is the difference between relative and absolute age and how are they determined? What do rocks and fossils reveal about earth’s past? Topics Standards Absolute Dating Techniques Relative Dating Techniques Geologic Timescale Fossils Evolution Extinctions ES 9 4th Marking Period Unit Title: Virginia Geology and The Chesapeake 6 Blocks Virginia’s topography is the result of geologic processes Virginia fossils are mostly of marine organisms Virginia has many natural resources Estuaries are essential to the biological health of marine organisms Human impact the health of the watersheds of Virginia What is the geologic history of Virginia? How many geologic processes created the current topography of Virginia? What resources were available in Virginia’s past and what are available today? How do humans affect estuaries and oceans? How can the health of an estuary be replenished? Virginia Geology Virginia’s Resources Chesapeake Bay Estuary Chesapeake Bay Watershed ES 6 Revised on: May 28th, 2013 NNPS Curriculum Pacing Guide – Earth Science Unit Title: Natural Resources and Human Impact on the Environment 4 Blocks Resources are limited and are either renewable or nonrenewable. Extraction and use of any resource carries an environmental cost and economic benefit. Many human activities cause long lasting and often negative effects on the atmosphere, the oceans, and natural landscapes. What are the effects of extracting resources? What are the advantages and disadvantages of using various energy sources? Renewable and Nonrenewable Resources Energy Sources Human Interactions w/ the Environment ES 6 Unit Title: SOL Review 5 Blocks Revised on: May 28th, 2013 NNPS Curriculum Pacing Guide – Earth Science Unit Title: Meaningful Watershed Educational Experience/Coastal Geology After the SOL Test The health of the Chesapeake Bay involves experimentation, restoration, and protection of the bay tributaries and watersheds. Coastlines change over time due to geologic processes and changes in climate. Humans can impact the shape and environment of coastlines. Many countries are dependent upon coastlines for survival. How can watersheds be restored and protected? To what extent is the health of the bay impacted by the tributaries of the watershed? Why is it important to know about your watershed? How do coastlines change over time? What factors shape the structure of a beach? How do man-made structures impact coastlines? How have coastlines impacted human societies? Chesapeake Bay Pollution Chesapeake Bay Restoration Emergent and Submergent Coastlines Transgression & Regression Breakwater Structures Human Impact on Coastlines ES 1,7,9, 11 Revised on: May 28th, 2013