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Transcript
Organizational behavior (Chapter 9) Group Behavior Section 201 Shouq Al-Hamoudi ID: 200900213 Questions for review 1. Define group? What are the different types of groups? Group refers to more than one person who are interact and interdependent with each other to accomplish cretin goal. The types of groups: I. Group: it is when people tends to be together and interact and interdependent to each other to attain a certain objectives. II. Formal group: it is when group must follow organization structure. The group must behave towards achieving the organization goal. III. Informal group: it is not determined by the organization and it does not have a formal structure. IV. A command group: it is specified by the organization when the individuals who are in group report to one person (manger, leader) V. A task group: it is determining by the organization and it is when a team work together to finish a certain task. VI. Interest group: when group of individuals work together to accomplish a certain goal that everyone in the group is interested at it. VII. Friendship group: it is group that mostly you find them out of the organization in the social life people have friendship groups when they have the same interest the same characteristics the same believes. 2 2. What are the five stages of group development? I. Forming: It is the first stage in the group work where everything is uncertain it is the stage when the group deciding the leader and setting goals and they not yet start the work, no one sure about anything. II. Storming It is the second stage when the conflict start come up each one has his own opinion and background maybe they agree in something and conflict on the other thing. III. Norming This is third stage in the group work when the individual in the team is having close relation with each other and having cohesiveness relation. IV. Performing This stage where is focusing in functioning it is fully functional. V. Adjourning It is more concentrated on wrapping activities instead of focusing on the task performance. 3. Do role requirements change in different situations? If so, how? Yes, because different groups will establish it is a role requirement. 4. How do group norms and status influence an individual behavior? Individuals who have high statue that given by the group members mostly they can break the norms and they have more freedom to do what they want. 3 5. How does group size affect group performance? The smaller is the group the faster it is in doing tasks rather than large group and the performance of the group members is better in the smaller groups. Smaller group is better in the productivity using the input they have. On the other hand, the larger group in the problem solving is better than the smaller the larger group is better in getting more different inputs. 6. What are the advantages and limitations of cohesive groups? The advantages of cohesiveness is effecting the group productivity when the performance related norms are high it is benefit the group productivity it will make increase the productivity in that group on the other hand when the performance norms and cohesiveness’ high it will result with low productivity. But when the cohesiveness is low and the performance norms are high it will result with high productivity but not as when they are both high. And when both are low the norms and the cohesiveness it result with low to moderate range. 7. What are the strengths and weaknesses of group (versus individual) decision making? A. The strengths: I. Groups provide more information and knowledge they will have more resource for the information as the number of the members in the group. II. Will have different views because each individual has his own view and that gives more options and suggestion. III. It increases the individual acceptance for the solution provided. B. Weakness: 4 I. Groups take longer time on finding solution so there will be (a conformity pressures). II. The domination will be by one of few members III. The group may have ambiguous responsibility 8. How effective are interacting, brainstorming, nominal and electronic meeting groups? I. Interacting: It is when individuals meet face to face when they interact with each other verbal and nonverbal communication. This is effective in delivering the information to the other members and easy to understand. II. Brainstorming: Can control the pressures for conformity III. Nominal group: It controls the communication and the discussion that happen during the process of the decision making. It is make their judgments in a systematic. IV. Electronic It is a meeting that the individual are communicating through computers that allow commitment anonymity and votes aggregation. 9. What is the evidence for the effect of culture on group status and social loafing? How does diversity affect groups and their effectiveness over time? The status is different from culture to culture because the criteria that establish status are different in each country. Social loafing is something consistent with the members’ culture (the bias). It is not related to the collective societies. 5 Evidence show that the effectiveness of culturally diverse groups is increasing over time it becomes better also it helps individual to look to different cultures and become open minded and except other cultures. On the other hand for the short term it is quite difficult. Also in the beginning it establishes many conflicts. 6 Reference: 1. (robbins & judge, 2008) 7