Survey
* Your assessment is very important for improving the workof artificial intelligence, which forms the content of this project
* Your assessment is very important for improving the workof artificial intelligence, which forms the content of this project
Chapter 3 STUDY GUIDE True/False Indicate whether the statement is true or false. If false, change the identified word or phrase to make the statement true. ____ 1. Every atom of the same element has the same atomic number. _________________________ ____ 2. When a substance burns, matter is destroyed. ____ 3. The closer an electron is to the nucleus, the lower its energy. _________________________ ____ 4. Matter always has mass. _________________________ ____ 5. Substances are either elements or mixtures. ____ 6. Thompson's experiments led to the discovery of the neutron. ____ 7. For an atom to be neutral, the number of protons must equal the number of neutrons. ____ 8. Elements on the far right of the periodic table are classified as nonmetals. _________________________ Multiple Choice Identify the choice that best completes the statement or answers the question. 9. Which of the following CANNOT be classified as matter? a. an odorless, colorless gas c. alpha particles b. the heat given off by a light bulb d. an electron cloud 10. The millions of compounds that exist are made from approximately ____ elements. a. 50 c. 115 b. 75 d. 150 11. In general, nonmetals are ____. a. good conductors of electricity b. malleable and ductile c. good conductors of heat d. gases at room temperature 12. Matter that has the same composition and properties throughout is called a(n) ____. a. substance c. atom b. mixture d. isotope 13. Water and hydrogen peroxide have different properties because ____. a. they are made from different elements b. one contains a greater percentage of oxygen than the other c. one is a compound and one is a mixture d. only water follows the law of definite proportions 14. All ____ except mercury are solids at room temperature. a. metalloids c. metals b. nonmetals d. mixtures 15. When two pure substances are combined so that each of the pure substances retains its own properties, the result is a(n) ____. a. compound c. element b. mixture d. isotope 16. Most of the mass of an atom is found in its ____. a. nucleus c. atomic number b. electron cloud d. mass number 17. In general, metals are ____. a. poor conductors of heat c. poor conductors of electricity b. brittle d. good conductors of heat 18. When Rutherford performed his metal foil experiment, he was surprised that most of the alpha particles ____. a. were deflected by the foil c. were absorbed by the foil b. bounced back from the foil d. passed straight through the foil 19. A certain atom has 26 protons, 26 electrons, and 30 neutrons. It mass number is ____. a. 26 c. 52 b. 30 d. 56 20. ____ has mass and takes up space. a. Thought b. Light c. Air d. Emotion 21. How many atoms of calcium are in a unit of calcium phosphate whose formula is Ca3(PO4)2? a. one c. three b. two d. four 22. Vegetable soup is an example of a ____. a. homogeneous mixture b. heterogeneous mixture c. compound d. pure substance 23. Which of these statements about matter is NOT true? a. During chemical changes, matter is destroyed. b. Matter has mass and takes up space. c. Matter can be divided into pure substances and mixtures. d. Matter is made up of atoms. 24. When someone stirs cocoa powder into hot water or hot milk, the cocoa changes from a ____. a. homogeneous mixture into a compound b. homogeneous mixture into a non-uniform mixture c. compound into a heterogeneous mixture d. heterogeneous mixture into a homogeneous mixture Match each symbol or formula with the correct element or compound. a. O2 c. CO b. CO2 d. C ____ ____ ____ ____ 25. 26. 27. 28. carbon monoxide carbon dioxide carbon oxygen Completion Complete each statement. Nucleus Metals Heterogeneous Neutrons Metalloids Substance 29. All matter is made up of particles called Atoms Isotopes Homogeneous _______. 30. If pure gold is classified as 24-karat gold, then 10-karat gold must be a ____________mixture. 31. Elements on the left side of the periodic table are classified as __________. 32. A pillowcase full of Halloween candy is a ____________________ mixture. 33. For material to be classified as a pure __________, every bit of it must have the same properties. 34. Elements that have properties halfway between those of metals and nonmetals, are classified as ____________________. 35. Rutherford's contribution to atomic models was the discovery of the ______________. 36. Chlorine-35 and chlorine-37 are examples of ____________. 37. Chlorine-35 and chlorine-37 have a different number of ______________. Use the periodic table to complete the data in Table Properties of Selected Elements Symbol Name Atomic number Average Atomic Mass Copper As 18 I 126.90447 You will also need to know the contribution of the Atomic Model that was made by the list of scientist below. Niels Bohr James Chadwick Ernest Rutherford J.J. Thomson John Dalton Lavoisier Democritus