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Chemistry Summative Study Guide Classifying Matter: Define the following terms: Matter Atom Element Chemistry Compound Molecule Mixture Answer the following review questions: 1. What is an element? Give one example. How many types of atoms is it made up of? 2. Explain the difference between compounds and molecules. 3. Name 3 things that are matter and 3 things that are not. 4. Draw a diagram of atoms in an element, molecule, compound, and mixture. Physical Properties, Measurement, Mass, and Density: Define the following terms: Mass Volume Density Answer the following review questions: 1. What is the formula for density? 2. What is the density of water? 3. What do you know about an object’s density if it floats in water? 4. What are you measuring if you measure the amount of space an object takes up? Put the following steps IN ORDER to demonstrate your understanding of how to find the volume of an irregular object. 5. _____ 6. _____ 7. _____ 8. _____ 9. _____ a. b. c. d. e. Fill graduated cylinder with water and record initial volume in mL Subtract initial volume from the volume of the object + water Place object in graduated cylinder Record only the volume of the object in milliliters Record volume of object + water in milliliters 10. Why does an air bubble rise to the surface of a glass of water? 11. What is the method used to find the volume of an irregular object? 12. Find the density of a liquid whose mass is 32 g and volume is 8 mL. Answer: ______________ g/mL Physical Properties of Matter: Define the following terms: Physical Change Physical Property Solid Liquid Gas Plasma Sublimation Answer the following review questions: 1. What are the characteristics of the three familiar states of matter? Give an example of each. 2. Describe how a physical property can change without changing the substance. 3. Give 5 examples of physical properties. 4. Draw the molecules of a solid, liquid, and gas. 5. Give an example of a compound that goes through sublimation. Physical and Chemical Changes, Mixtures, and Solubility: Define the following terms: Heterogeneous Mixture Homogeneous Mixture Solution Solubility Solute Solvent Insoluble Chemical Change Endothermic Exothermic Precipitate Answer the following review questions: 1. Give 3 examples of a homogeneous mixture. 2. Give 3 examples of a heterogeneous mixture 3. What is the most common and most important solvent? (Also known as the “universal” solvent) 4. Which is the solute and which is the solvent? Example: Sugar and water The ____________ is the solute. The _________ is the solvent. Example: Jello mixture and water The _________ is the solute. The _________ is the solvent 5. Circle the chemical changes, and underline the physical changes below: Iron Rusting Rubbing alcohol evaporating Formation of clouds Breaking a stick A bomb exploding Lighting a match A firefly glowing Sugar Dissolving Sanding a piece of wood Bread producing mold 6. What are six signs that a chemical change has occurred? List and give an example of each. Acids, Bases, and pH: Define the following terms: Acid Base Neutral pH Scale Answer the following review questions: 7. Fill in the table for acids and bases below: Property Acids Bases Taste Sensation Ions Produced Reacts With Examples 8. How would you neutralize an acid? Periodic Table and Atomic Theory: Define the following terms: Periodic Table Family Group Period Reactivity Atomic Number Proton Neutron Answer the following review questions: 1. What do the periods represent? 2. What do the groups represent? 3. What does the atomic number tell you about an atom of an element? Electron Atomic Theory