Download Amino acids used in Animal Nutrition

Amino acids used in
Animal Nutrition
Presented during:
Tanzania Poultry
show
Douglas Malala
Technical Sales Manager
Evonik East Africa
December 4, 2015
AGENDA
 Introduction to Evonik and Evonik products
 Amino Acids in Animal Nutrition



What are Amino acids?

Types of AA

How do Amino acids build protein?

Concept of limiting Amino acids

Meeting the Amino acid requirement
Evonik services
Conclusions
Evonik is THE creative
industrial group from
Germany and one of the
world’s leading specialty
chemicals companies.
Prince MANU-BARFO
Evonik’s feed
additives business
Evonik AMINO Products
• DLM Aqua
Methionine formulated for Aquaculture
• MetMet
Unique Methionine for Crustacea
Production sites worldwide
Antwerp
Antwerp
Slovenska Lupca
Blair
Blair
Wesseling
Kaba
Mobile
Kaba
Mobile
New Biolys
Plant Russia
New Biolys
Plant Brazil
New MetAmino
Plant Singapore
Slovenska Lupca
Wesseling
Page | 7
Animal Nutrition - Global Sales Presence
HN- HQ,
Hanau-Wolfgang
HN- EMEA,
Hanau-Wolfgang
HN- Asia North,
Bejing
HN- NA, Atlanta
HN- Asia South,
Singapore
Accra
HN- LA,
Sao Paolo
Headquarter Hanau
Nairobi
Regional Headquarter
Regional Office
AGENDA
 Introduction to Evonik and Evonik products
 Amino Acids in Animal Nutrition



What are Amino acids?

Types of AA

How do Amino acids build protein?

Concept of limiting Amino acids

Meeting the Amino acid requirement
Evonik services
Conclusions
Protein vs. Amino acids
•
Amino Acids are… the building
blocks of protein
•
Crude Protein (CP) consist not
only of amino acids, but also of
non-protein nitrogen, e.g.
ammonia
•
Animals do not have a
requirement for protein per se,
but rather for the appropriate
level and balance of individual
amino acid.
How do Amino Acids build protein?
Individual Amino Acids
•
•
•
•
Several Amino acids make a peptide chain
A peptide chain can be up to 500 amino acids!
Since there are only 20 amino acids, several will repeat!
A protein is made up of one or more polypeptide chains
Peptides
Proteins
Page 11
How many amino acids
are there? 22
Tryptophan
Methionine
Glutamine
Aspartic Acid
Lysine
Arginine
Proline
Phenylalanine
Leucine
Isoleucine
Glycine
Serine
Threonine
Cysteine
Categories of Amino Acids
While there are 22 in total, only 20 are of primary interest for animals
In 1938, Rose divided these amino acids into two groups:
 Essential (indispensable):
• Those that cannot be synthesized by the animal in quantities
sufficient for optimum performance and must be supplied in
the feed
 Non-essential (dispensable):
• Those that do not have to be provided in the diet and that can
be synthesized by the body.
 All amino acids are important and must be present for an animal
to grow (i.e. all are necessary for protein synthesis by the body).
Page 13
Categories of Amino Acids
Essential
Non-essential
Methionine
Cysteine / Cystine
Lysine
Tyrosine
Threonine
Glycine
Tryptophan
Serine
Arginine*
Proline / Hydroxyproline
Isoleucine
Alanine
Leucine
Aspartic acid
Valine
Asparagine
Histidine*
Glutamic acid
Phenylalanine Glutamine
How do Amino Acids build protein?
How it works……
 If during this process, there is an insufficient pool of
just one of the required amino acids that the signal has
called for…
 Then protein synthesis stops!
X
Peptides
Proteins
 This introduces the principle of a limiting amino
acid and defining an animal’s requirement for
specific amino acids…
Page 15
Limiting Amino Acids
•
For correct protein synthesis, the required Essential and Non essential amino
acids must be present according requirements of the genetic code
•
If the specific Essential amino acid required to extend the peptide chain is
absent then this amino acid “stops” protein synthesis (“LIMITS”).
•
If its Non essential amino acid then the body will obtain it via auto synthesis
•
The first Essential amino acid to limit protein synthesis is called “First Limiting”,
the second to limit synthesis is called “second Limiting” and so on
•
Sufficient quantity of Limiting amino acids in the diet therefore will determine
whether the other amino acids will be efficiently utilized for protein synthesis
Page 16
The Liebig-Barrel
Model for the concept of limiting AA
Arg
Arg
Protein synthesis
(water level, performance)
increases with DL-Met
supplementation
=> essential AA from feed
Met
Met
Lysine becomes
second limiting
Further performance
increase only with additional
Lysine
Surplus amino acids
reduced
All amino
acids
above water level
=> Utilisation
CANNOTof each
individual
amino
be stored
acid
improved
and
will
thus be
=>Utilisation
of protein
metabolised
(nitrogen) improved
=> N-Excretion
Dose-response trial
Arg
Arg
Met
Met
Arg
Met
Arg
Met
Arg
Met
gain, ggain, g
a+b
Y = a + b * (1 - e (-c * X))
a
0,00
0,00
0,05
0,050,10
0,10
0,15
0,20
0,20
Supplemental DL-Met (% of diet)
Supplemental DL-Met (% of diet)
0,25
0,25
Limiting Amino Acids
Order of limiting amino acids
Poultry
Swine
1. Methionine
2. Lysine
1. Lysine
3. Threonine
2. Threonine
4. Valine / Isoleucine…
3. Methionine
4. Tryptophan
5. Valine /
Isoleucine…
The limiting amino acid depends on the
species, type of diet, and productive
function.
Meeting the animal’s requirements
How do I eliminate deficit of
amio acids ?
Must I use supplemental
Amino acids?
NO!!!
Meeting the animal’s requirements
To eliminate the deficit of an amino acid there are 2 options:
More soyabean or
fish meal
Phe Trp Val Ile
Supplementing
synthetic Amino acids
Phe Trp Val Ile
Phe Trp Val Ile
Thr Met Lys Arg
Thr Met Lys Arg
Thr Met Lys Arg
The Liebig-Barrel
Benefits of free supplemental AA
Arg
Arg
Arg
Met
Met
Met
Supplementation of
DL-Methionine
Increase of dietary Met by a
protein source
=>Reduced cost of diets
=> improved utilisation of N
 Increase AA balance accuracy
 Reduce CP of diets
 Increase cost of diets
 increase CP of diets
=> Increase N excretion
 increased AA imbalance
Less is MORE!
As discussed previously, animal need AMINO ACIDS, not protein
If we add TOO MUCH protein, the animal will have to excrete the excess,
unused amino acids as urine or uric acid…it is WASTED
What’s more, the animal has to do chemical work to excrete this excess
So it uses energy that would otherwise be used for growth, or egg
production, or milk production
AGENDA
 Introduction to Evonik and Evonik products
 Amino Acids in Animal Nutrition



What are Amino acids?

Types of AA

How do Amino acids build protein?

Concept of limiting Amino acids

Meeting the Amino acid requirement
Evonik services
Conclusions
= Cooperation and Partnership =
Tanzania
Page | 25
Service for the Feed Industry
FA services
Animal Nutrition
Consulting:
Amino acid recommendations
Feed formulation
Consulting
Customer process
Ingredient
prices
Availability
restrictions
FA services
Analytical Services:
Amino acids in feedstuffs
Feed formulation
(Linear programming)
Current formulation
Handling Solutions:
Amino acid handling
& direct dosing
Grinding / Mixing /
Supplementing
Analytical Services:
Total amino acid content:
actual vs. target
Complete feed
Quality control
Animal Nutrition Presentation
Page | 26
Analytical Services:
Mixer profiles (suppl. AA)
AminoLab / NIR®
AminoDAT®
AminoChick®
Conclusions
•
Amino Acids are essential nutrients for healthy animals and efficient
production
•
Protein is NOT essential; rather the amino acids contained in protein
•
Best Results are obtained with balanced diets, especially amino acids
•
Reducing crude protein in feed improves performance and health, reduces
pollution and can save money
•
Evonik have a complete range of products and extensive services to help
you…
•
MAKE MORE MONEY
Prince MANU-BARFO
Prince MANU-BARFO