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Formation of a Solar System Notes Integrated Science 2 I. Name: Pd: Formation of a Solar System • Within each galaxy are many _________________ (plural of _____________) • A nebula is a _________________________________________________________ from which stars and eventually solar systems are formed. • A nebula can be many colors depending on the chemical makeup of the gas. • Our solar system, which is about ____________________________ formed from the nebula left over after a large star blew apart in a ________________________ • Heavy elements in our solar system, such as __________ and _________were formed in a supernova. The abundance of heavy elements in our solar system is so great, that our sun is thought to be a forth or fifth generation star (having accumulated heavy elements from more than one supernova) • Gravitational attraction of the particles in the nebula pull the cloud into a ___________________. • Most of the __________ concentrates in the center. • Draw the spinning disk of a solar nebula Gravitational pressure at the center of this disk forces atoms so close together that they begin to ______________________, forming a star like our sun. II. Formation of Planets • Debris in the outer disk begins to ___________________and __________________, forming _________________________. • Heavier elements are pulled towards the center of the solar system, so the inner (_________________________) planets are small and dense. • List the Terrestrial planets: ______________________________________________ • Solar winds blast light gasses away from the center, so the outer (____________________) planets are composed primarily of gasses, and are much bigger. • List the Jovian planets: ________________________________________________ • The young planets gain mass from the ______________________ of debris in their orbit. III. Planetary Development • The surfaces of early planets are heated by a heavy _____________________ of __________________________ • Through a process called _____________________, the heavier elements accreted to a planet sink to its core, while the lightest elements float on the planet’s surface. In the box to the right, draw a differentiated planet. • Surface Evolution continues as a result of ____________________, __________________ and/or ______________________________ • Jovian planets undergo differentiation, but we are unsure about surface evolution after that. IV. Formation of Moons and Rings Planets have moons for 2 different reasons A. A large object in space _______________________________, throwing out debris that collects into a __________________ (Ex: Earth’s moon) B. _____________________ have been captured by the planet when they came too close, getting trapped by the ____________________________ of the planet (Ex: The moons of Mars) C. All planets have moons except __________________ and ________________. Some planets also have rings • Rings are either __________blown away from the planet but trapped in its gravitational field OR they are ________________________________________________________________ • Only the ___________________________ have rings.