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MARY WARD CATHOLIC SECONDARY SCHOOL
Centre for Self-Directed Learning
Grade 9 Academic Science (SNC 1D1)
Unit # 7: CHEMISTRY – The Atom
Unit Last Revised: November 2013
ACTIVITY DESCRIPTION
TIME
EVALUATION
CATEGORY
MARKS
Rubric
Knowledge/
Inquiry
Level
Activity A - Atomic Theory
1. Important Discoveries that
Shaped the Atomic Theory
2. A Summary of the Atom
Activity B – The Elements
1. Element Classes
2. Element Symbols
Activity C – Introducing the Periodic
Table
1. Introducing the Periodic
Table
2. Periods and Groups
Activity D – Unit Assessment
Total Activity Time:
2.5 hr
1.5 hr
1.5 hr
2.0 hr
7.5 hr
Expectations: These are the things you will be learning in this unit:
Overall
 Demonstrate an understanding of the properties of common elements and compounds
Understanding Basic Concepts
 Explain how different atomic models evolved as a result of experimental evidence
 Describe the characteristics of neutrons, protons, and electrons, including charge, location and relative mass
 Explain the relationship between the atomic structure of an element and the position of that element in the
periodic table
 Identify and use the symbols for common elements
Developing Skills of Investigation and Communication
 Use appropriate terminology related to atoms, elements, and compounds
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Activity A – Atomic Theory
1. Important Discoveries that Shaped Atomic Theory
When you take an individual element (like gold or carbon) and break it down into its smallest form you get an
atom. An atom is the smallest part of an element that has all of the element’s properties. Atoms of different
elements have different properties. For example, atoms of copper are not the same as atoms of iron.
Throughout many years scientists have developed an atomic theory to study the structure of atoms and how
they combine to form matter. You will learn about how different scientists have added to this atomic theory to
become what it is today.
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in your Investigating Science 9 textbook read pages 168-174
answer the following in your notebook:
1) What are the 4 points about atoms did John Dalton use to explain the nature of matter?
2) What device did J. J. Thomson use study atoms? What particle did he discover was present in atoms and
what charge did these particles have?
3) Draw J. J. Thomson’s model of the atom in your notebook (Figure 5.9 on page 172). Why is the sphere
positive?
4) From his “gold foil” experiment, Ernest Rutherford discovered that atoms contain a nucleus. Where is
the nucleus located? What charge does it have? Draw Ernest Rutherford’s model of the atom in your
notebook (Figure 5.11 on page 173).
5) What type of particles did James Chadwick discover was also in the nucleus? What charge do these
particles have?
6) According to Niels Bohr, how were electrons arranged around a nucleus?
7) Draw Niels Bohr’s model of the magnesium atom in your notebook (Figure 5.13 on page 174). What is
the maximum amount of electrons that can exist in the first shell? What is the maximum amount of
electrons that can exist in every shell after the first one?
8) What is the current model of the atom called? Where did electrons exist in this model?
2. A Summary of the Atom
From these discoveries we learned that atoms contain 3 subatomic particles – protons, neutrons, and electrons.
Protons and neutrons are located within the nucleus, whereas electrons are in energy levels surrounding the
nucleus.
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in your Investigating Science 9 textbook read page 175
copy Table 5.1 on page 175 in your notebook
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Activity B – The Elements
1. Element Classes
Based on certain properties, elements are classified as metals, non-metals, and metalloids.
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in your Investigating Science 9 textbook read pages 178-181
answer the following in your notebook:
1) What is an alloy? Give an example of one.
2) In a table, compare metals, non-metals, and metalloids. Using the headings “properties” and
“examples” to create your table.
2. Element Symbols
Every language has its own name for each of the elements. For example oxygen in English can be “oxigeno” in
Spanish, “sauerstoff” in German, “氧气” in Chinese, or “oksiheno” in Filipino. Therefore, to help
communication chemists worldwide have agreed to use the same set of symbols of elements. So no matter
where you are the symbol for oxygen is O.
An element symbol consists of one or two letters. The first letter is always capitalized. If there is a second
letter, it is not capitalized.
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in your Investigating Science 9 textbook read pages 181-185
using Table 5.2 on page 182 answer the following in your notebook:
1) Find and list the names and symbols of 5 elements beginning with the letter C
2) Find and list the names and symbols of 3 elements named after places
3) Find and list the names and symbols for any 5 non-metals with symbols composed of two letters
4) Find and list the name and symbols of the elements that was derived from the ancient Latin names
ferrum, plumbum and argentum.
5) Find and list the name and symbol the element which means the Sun.
6) Find and list the name and symbol the element which means acid forming.
7) Find and list the name and symbol the element which means charcoal.
8) Find and list the name and symbol the element which means water generating.
Briefly describe 3 environmental issues related to the common elements you read on pages 183-185.
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Activity C – Introducing the Periodic Table
1. Introducing the Periodic Table
When studying chemistry an important tool you will be using is the periodic table. A periodic table like the one
below will give you information about different elements. As you can see each box will have the element name
and symbol that we learned about from Activity B.
Also from periodic table, you will find 3 pieces of information that are very
important for each element. This is the atomic number, atomic mass, and ion
charge. The box to right shows where this information on is found. Learn about
what they mean in the next learning check box.
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in your Investigating Science 9 textbook read pages 188-193
answer the following in your notebook:
1) What does the atomic number represent? What are the atomic numbers of C, O and Na?
2) What does the atomic mass represent? What are the atomic masses of He, N, and Ca?
3) How do elements become positive ions? What are the ion charges of K, Mg, and Al? What type of
elements generally become positive ions?
4) How do elements become negative ions? What are the ion charges of P, S, and Br? What type of
elements generally become negative ions?
2. Periods and Groups
In the periodic table, a period is a horizontal row. An example is highlighted below.
In the periodic table, a group is a vertical column. An example is highlighted below. Some groups also have
special names because these elements have similar properties or characteristics.
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in your Investigating Science 9 textbook read pages 193-195
using Table 5.2 on page 182 answer the following in your notebook:
1) Give the names and symbols for the elements found at these locations:
a) Period 3, Group 1
b) Period 2, Group 13
c) Period 4, Group 11
d) Period 5, Group 17
Using the periodic table on page 5 of your unit guide, complete Quick Lab B15 on page 189 of your
Investigating Science 9 textbook.
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Activity D – Unit Assessment
 Hand in for assessment: level
After completing all the learning checkboxes, you are now ready to complete your unit assessment. Answer the
following questions and hand in to your teacher. Some questions will be the same as the ones you have already done in
your notebook.
After your teacher reviews your answers you will receive a unit assessment feedback sheet. You will not get a numerical
mark for this assessment but a level from the rubric below and feedback on where you need to improve.
Level 1
Knowledge
Minimal knowledge of
facts, terms, concepts,
theories and relationships
was demonstrated.
Level 2
Some knowledge of facts,
terms, concepts, theories
and relationships was
demonstrated
Level 3
Level 4
Adequate knowledge of
facts, terms, concepts,
theories and relationships
was demonstrated
Thorough knowledge of
facts, terms, concepts,
theories and relationships
was demonstrated
1) Fill out the following table below with all the information you learned about each scientist and their discovery.
What you learned about the scientist and their discovery
John Dalton
J. J. Thomson
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Ernest Rutherford
James Chadwick
Neils Bohr
2)
What are the charges and locations of the three sub-atomic particles?
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3) What is an alloy? Give an example.
4) Fill out the following table below with all the information you learned about each element class.
Properties
Examples
Metals
Non-Metals
Metalloids
5) On your periodic table, find the find the information below about sodium. How many protons does sodium
have? How does sodium become an ion?
symbol:
atomic number:
atomic mass:
ion charge:
metal, non-metal, or metalloid:
group number:
period number:
Answer to two questions:
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6) On your periodic table, find the information below about calcium. How many protons does calcium have? How
does calcium become an ion?
symbol:
atomic number:
atomic mass:
ion charge:
metal, non-metal, or metalloid:
group number:
period number:
Answer to two questions:
7) On your periodic table, find the information below about oxygen. How many protons does oxygen have? How
does oxygen become an ion?
symbol:
atomic number:
atomic mass:
ion charge:
metal, non-metal, or metalloid:
group number:
period number:
Answer to two questions:
8) On your periodic table, find the information below about chlorine. How many protons does chlorine have? How
does chlorine become an ion?
symbol:
atomic number:
atomic mass:
ion charge:
metal, non-metal, or metalloid:
group:
period:
Answer to two questions:
Congratulations! You have now completed Unit #7.
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