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Transcript
Section 3.1 (p.82 - 85) - volcano is a weak spot in the crust - magma/lava Volcanoes and Plate Boundaries - volcanic belts form along the plate boundaries - Ring of Fire = volcanoes that rim the Pacific Ocean Diverging Boundaries - Volcanoes form along mid - ocean ridges at divergent boundaries Converging Boundaries - many volcanoes form near converging boundaries where oceanic plates get subducted - rock above the subducted plate melts, forming magma - it moves to the surface because it is less dense - island arc = string of islands/volcanoes form along the deep ocean trench (convergent boundary) Hot Spot Volcanoes - A volcano forms above a hot spot when magma erupts through the crust and reaches the surface - an area where material deep in the mantle rises then melts, forming magma - can gradually form a series of volcanic mountains - Hawaii (example) - Yellowstone National Park (example) Section 3.2 (p. 87-90) Physical and Chemical Properties - elements - compound Physical property - can observed without changing the substance (color, density, hardness, melting/boiling points, magnetic, states of matter) Chemical Properties - any property that produces a change in the composition matter (change in a chemical formula - new products) examples = ability to burn and ability to combine or react What is Viscosity? - viscosity is the resistance of a liquid to flowing - viscosity caused by the movement of particles - friction between particles as they move more friction, higher viscosity - greater viscosity, flows slower (honey) - lower viscosity, flows faster (water) Viscosity of Magma - viscosity of magma depends on 2 things - amount of silica and temperature Silica Content - more silica, high viscosity (slow) (forms rhyolite) - less silica, lower viscosity (fast) (forms basalt) Temperature - high temp, lower viscosity (fast) - Pahoehoe - low temp, high viscosity (slow) - aa