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Transcript
Chapter 1.3 Atomic theory and the atom Heisenberg uncertainty principle • https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=TQKELOE 9eY4 (c) McGraw Hill Ryerson 2007 Answer these questions in a group 1. Bohr’s “planetary model” states that electrons are in specific energy levels or “orbits” around the nucleus. Explain how this is not possible using Heisenberg’s uncertainty principle. 2. Explain what might have been Thomson’s thought process when he discovered the electron and used his discovery to come up with his ‘chocolate chip cookie’ model of the atom. 3. Compare and contrast Dalton’s model, Thomson’s model, Rutherford’s model, and Bohr’s model of the atom. What makes up an Atom? • An atom is the smallest part of an element. • An atom is made up of subatomic particles. • http://ed.ted.com/lessons/the-uncertainlocation-of-electrons-george-zaidan-andcharles-morton • http://ed.ted.com/lessons/just-how-small-isan-atom Standard model of the Atom • Matter is composed of atoms • Atoms are made of three basic particles: 1. Protons – Positive particles in the Nucleus. 2. Neutrons – Neutral particles in the Nucleus. 3. Electrons – Negative particles in region around nucleus. N P Neutron (neutral) Proton (positive) Electron (negative) In Nucleus In Layers Atoms • Notice: • Atoms can be neutral with equal protons and electrons. • When atoms lose electrons the matter becomes charged + • When atoms gain electrons the matter becomes charged – • ***Important:**** • ****Only the electrons are able to move to or from an atom…***** Atomic and Mass Number • Atoms of the same element have the same number of protons. – This is also called the atomic number • Atoms of different elements have different numbers of protons • The mass number is the number of protons and neutrons • Mass number = # of neutrons + # of protons Modern model of the atom • The modern model includes quarks – Protons and neutrons are made of quarks – Electrons are made of leptons http://www.thestargarden.co.uk/Strong-nuclear-force.html Quarks and leptons • https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=SMgi2j9K s9k • Read and take notes from section 4.2 of enrichment book • Bill nye video • Next day particle adventure Particle adventure-Assignment • http://www.particleadventure.org/ – Lab handout – In the lab