Download d_Study Guide_Classical-Operant Conditioning - psy1

LEARNING: CLASSICAL CONDITIONING
SECTION 1: CLASSICAL CONDITIONING
MAIN IDEA

Classical conditioning is a form of learning that involves
I. VOCABULARY
 Conditioning: A type of learning that involves the use of a stimulus to generate a specific response
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Classical Conditioning: a simple form of learning in which one stimulus creates a response that is usually created
by another stimulus
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Unconditioned Stimulus: Stimulus (something) that creates a natural response in someone
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Unconditioned Response: A response (reaction) that automatically occurs to a stimulus (to something)
Conditioned Stimulus: A previously neutral stimulus (something) that has been associated with a natural
stimulus and now becomes a stimulus itself

Conditioned Response: A response produced to a new “conditioned stimulus”
II. PRINCIPLES OF CLASSICAL CONDITIONING
A. HELPFUL TIP: Replace the word “conditioning” with
B. CONDITIONING is a
C. CLASSICAL CONDITIONING is a simple form of learning in which
1. PAVLOV’S DOGS
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Psychologist Ivan Pavlov
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Pavlov trained his dogs to
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The dogs learned
2. STIMULUS AND RESPONSE
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Unconditioned Stimulus:
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Unconditioned Response:
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Neutral Stimulus:
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Conditioned Stimulus:
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Conditioned response:
o
EXAMPLE:
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Unconditional (unlearned) Stimulus:
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Unconditional (unlearned) Response:
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Neutral Stimulus: Tuning Fork …(tuning fork is paired with meat)
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Conditioned Stimulus:
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Conditioned Response:
LEARNING: OPERANT CONDITIONING
SECTION 2: OPERANT CONDITIONING
Operant conditioning occurs when
MAIN IDEA
I. VOCABULARY

Operant Conditioning: Operant conditioning occurs when

Reinforcement: An event that
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Positive Reinforcers: Encouraging stimuli that
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Negative Reinforcers: Unpleasant stimuli that
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Punishment: Unpleasant stimuli that
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Shaping: In operant conditioning, a procedure in which
II. OPERANT CONDITIONING AND REINFORCEMENT
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In operant conditioning, people learn to do certain things—and not to do others—

They learn from
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B.F. Skinner studied operant conditioning by using the
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His experiment demonstrated reinforcement, or the process by which

Knowledge of results is often
(think pigeon turning left in box)
III. TYPES OF REINFORCERS
A. POSITIVE REINFORCERS
1.
2. In positive reinforcement, a person
a.
Example: If you finish your homework early, you get to go to the movies as a reward
B. NEGATIVE REINFORCERS
1.
2. In negative reinforcement, a behavior is
a.
Example: To stop the buzzing sound in your car, you have to roll up your window
C. PUNISHMENT
1. Unwanted events that
a.
Example: Your parents take your cell phone away for a weekend to lower your phone bill
Q&A
1. What is “Conditioning?”
2. Another word that could be used of “conditioning” could be:
3. Who was Ivan Pavlov?
4. What are the five basic steps of “Classical Conditioning?“
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5. What is “Operant Conditioning?”
6. In Operant Conditioning, what is it that people learn from?
7. What is a “Skinner Box?”
6. What is the difference between positive reinforcement and negative reinforcement?
7. What is the difference between “positive reinforcement” and “punishment?”