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FINAL EXAMINATION JULY 2011 EXAMINATION 1/2011/2012 SESSION SUBJECT SUBJECT CODE DURATION FACULTY PROGRAMME LECTURER : PRINCIPLE OF PHARMACOLOGY : MFD 1232 : 2 HOURS : BIOMEDICAL AND HEALTH SCIENCES : DIPLOMA OF PHYSIOTHERAPY : MADAM HAMIDAH ABU BAKAR INSTRUCTIONS TO CANDIDATES This question paper consists of: SECTION A: 30 objective questions – Answer ALL questions. SECTION B: 3 structured questions – Answer ALL questions SECTION C: 3 essay questions – Answer TWO (2) questions Part A must be answered in the OMR sheet provided. Part B and Part C must be written in answer booklet provided Answer to each question must start on a new page Do Not Open The Question Paper Until Instructed This Question Paper Consists of NINE (9) Printed Pages CONFIDENTIAL FBHS/MFD1232/JULY 2011 SECTION A – OBJECTIVE QUESTIONS (20 MARKS) Choose ONE best statement to answer the questions. 1. The following pathological conditions are associated with the lung EXCEPT (A) (B) (C) (D) 2. Which of the following is NOT an antacid? (A) (B) (C) (D) 3. Aluminum hydroxide. Calcium carbonate. Magaldrate. Lomotil. Penicillin’s mode of action is that it (A) (B) (C) (D) 4. emphysema. asthma. myocardium infarction. chronic bronchitis. inhibits bacterial cell wall formation by blocking cross-linking of it. blocks DNA synthesis by inhibiting one of the enzymes. inhibits protein synthesis by binding to bacterial ribosome (30S) inhibits protein synthesis by binding to bacterial ribosome (50S). Which of the following statement is NOT TRUE for antibiotic? (A) (B) (C) (D) Antibiotic can also be called as chemotherapeutic agent. The minimum inhibitory concentration is used to measure in vivo antimicrobial activity. At the highest level, bacteriostatic antimicrobial can prevent cell division. Bactericidal antimicrobials are more potent than bacteriostatic antimicrobial. CONFIDENTIAL/ 2 FBHS/MFD1232/JULY 2011 5. Which of the following is the second line drug treatment for heart failure? (A) (B) (C) (D) 6. Beta blockers. Angiotensin-converting enzyme inhibitors. Angiotensin II receptor blockers. Vasodilators. Which of the following pair is TRUE on the influence of cardiovascular drug therapies on exercise? Drugs (A) Nitrates (B) Beta blockers (C) Alpha adrenergic blocker (D) Calcium channel blocker 7. Which of the following is NOT the role of aspirin? (A) (B) (C) (D) 8. Anti pyretic Anti rheumatic Analgesic Anti infective Which of the following is NOT an arachidonic acid derivative? (A) (B) (C) (D) 9. Exercise tolerance Increase Decrease Constant Decrease Prostaglandin Leukotrienes Thromboxanes Mitomycin Bulk forming laxatives (A) (B) (C) (D) are the first choice of therapy for constipation. onset of action for oral is 6-8 hours when taken orally. are anionic surfactants for softening the stool. are systemically absorbed. CONFIDENTIAL/ 3 FBHS/MFD1232/JULY 2011 10. The anti diarrheal agent’s mode of action is that it (A) (B) (C) (D) 11. Which of the following pair is compatible? (A) (B) (C) (D) 12. Syrup of ipecac Apomorphine Digoxin Estrogen Parkinsonism is due to deficiency of dopamine in substantia nigra. Levodopa is a precursor of dopamine. Dopamine is the first line of drug therapy in Parkinsonism. One of the common adverse effects is anorexia. The following pairs are TRUE for the generation of cephalosporins EXCEPT (A) (B) (C) (D) 15. Agent Atenolol Clonidone Sodium nitroprusside Carvedilol The following statements are TRUE for Parkinson’s EXCEPT (A) (B) (C) (D) 14. Group Thiazide-like diuretics Vasodilators ACE inhibitors Mixed adrenergic Alpha + Beta blockers Which of the following is a central emetic agent? (A) (B) (C) (D) 13. blocks GABA receptor. increases intracellular concentration of cGMP. Coats the walls of the GI tract and bind to the causative bacteria or toxin. binds to the hydrochloric acid in the stomach and acts like an acid buffer with cytoprotective properties. 1st Generation 2nd Generation 3rd Generation 4th Generation Gram (+) Gram (-) Gram (-), but also some Gram (+) Gram (+) and Gram (-) Which of the following is NOT TRUE for indole derivatives? (A) (B) (C) (D) Weak cyclooxygenase inhibitors. Often used as standard for comparison. Well absorbed, variable half life. Can act as antipyretic and analgesic. CONFIDENTIAL/ 4 FBHS/MFD1232/JULY 2011 16. Which of the following pair is NOT TRUE for chemotherapy treatment? (A) (B) (C) (D) 17. As anti arrhythmic agents, the aim of fast association natrium channel blockers is the (A) (B) (C) (D) 18. Polymixins Tetracyclins Macrolides Vancomycin Which of the following statement is TRUE for anti gout agent? (A) (B) (C) (D) 20. treatment or prevention during and immediately after myocardial infarction. prevention of paroxysmal atrial fibrillation. treatment of ventricular arrhythmias. prevention of recurrence of tachyarrhythmias. Which of the following is a glycopeptide cell wall inhibitor? (A) (B) (C) (D) 19. Tamoxifen - reduce the risk of breast cancer in high-risk women. Raloxifen - more selective than tamoxifen against breast cancer. Celexocib - selective against lung cancer. Finasteride - effective against prostate cancer. An additional proton pump inhibitor may be given for those at risk of gastric irritation from NSAIDs. Over-the-counter medication is restricted for gout patient. Aspirin is a drug of choice to avoid secondary gout. Acetazolamide, a diuretic, can be used to treat gout. Which of the following pair is compatible? (A) Terminology Potency (B) (C) (D) Ceiling dose Drug tolerance Side effects Definition Maximum intensity of effect or response that can be obtained with a drug. Strength of the medicine. Predictable adverse drug effect. Lack of specificity of action by the drug, therefore acts not only on the tissues which intended. CONFIDENTIAL/ 5 FBHS/MFD1232/JULY 2011 21. Which of the following statement is NOT TRUE for the indication of neuromuscular junction blocker? (A) (B) (C) (D) 22. Which of the following pair is NOT a synonym? (A) (B) (C) (D) 23. (B) (C) (D) Parasympatholytic. Cholinergic agonist. Adrenergic agonist. Sympatomimetic. Cholinergic blocking agents are compounds which prevent acetylcholine from stimulating the receptor site. These compounds compete with acetylcholine for receptor sites. They do not themselves produce an excitant effect but rather limit the excitant effects of acetylcholine. They have similar actions with acetylcholine, by direct or indirect action. Which of the following antibacterial agent kills bacteria by blocking the pathway of folic acid synthesis? (A) (B) (C) (D) 25. Cholinomimetics Cholinergics Adrenomimetics Adrenergics Which of the following statement is NOT TRUE for cholinergic antagonist agents? (A) 24. Cause a pharmacologic restraint so patients do not harm themselves. Relax the vocal cords and allow the passage of a tracheal tube. Eliminate spontaneous breathing and promote mechanical ventilation. Increase oxygen consumption. Trimethoprim Polymyxin Chloramphenicol Macrolides Which of the following drug is used to treat ulcer? (A) (B) (C) (D) Laxatives Proton pump inhibitors Intestinal flora modifiers Estrogen CONFIDENTIAL/ 6 FBHS/MFD1232/JULY 2011 26. Monobactams are (A) (B) (C) (D) 27. Long term administration of narcotic analgesic produces (A) (B) (C) (D) 28. (B) (C) (D) Prevent the increases in intracellular concentration of cyclic guanosine monophosphate. Stimulate the increases in intracellular concentration of cyclic guanosine monophosphate. Increase blood pressure and heart rate. Inhibit inflammatory mediation. Which of the following is a pyrimidine analog? (A) (B) (C) (D) 30. respiratory depression. nausea. tolerance. drowsiness. Choose the statement that refers to anti cholinergic agent’s mode of action in chronic obstructive pulmonary disease treatment. (A) 29. well distributed into on ‘inflamed tissues. only effective against Gram positive aerobic bacteria. excreted through defecation. susceptible to P. aeruginosa. Methotrexate Mercaptoguanine Fluorouracil Mitomycin Corticosteroids (A) (B) (C) (D) selectively inhibit cyclooxygenase. competitively inhibit cyclooxygenase. inhibit phospholipase A2 production. stimulate phospholipase A2 production. CONFIDENTIAL/ 7 FBHS/MFD1232/JULY 2011 SECTION B – SHORT ANSWER QUESTIONS (30 MARKS) Answer ALL questions. 1. a. What is the difference between asthma and exercise-induced bronchoconstriction? b. (2 Marks) State all approaches used in asthma treatment, including drugs which are used in the treatment. (9 Marks) a. Define of psychomotor stimulants. (2 Marks) b. State THREE (3) side effects of psychomotor stimulants. (3 Marks) c. State THREE (3) objectives of schizophrenia management. (3 Marks) d. Define general anesthesia. a. b. Outline principals of laxative therapy. (5 Marks) Discuss the role of anticholinergics and opiates for diarrhea treatments. (5 Marks) . 2. 3. (2 Marks) CONFIDENTIAL/ 8 FBHS/MFD1232/JULY 2011 SECTION C -ESSAY (40 MARKS) Answer TWO (2) questions only. Question 1 Discuss on anti cancer drugs principals and differentiate between cell cycle specific and cell cycle non specific agents. Briefly, explain on alkylating agents mode of action. (20 Marks) Question 2 Discuss on the various sources of drugs, dosage forms of drugs and factors that may influence the effectiveness of a drug. (20 Marks) Question 3 Discuss on anti-angina drugs and relate their influence on exercise. (20 Marks) CONFIDENTIAL/ 9