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Rome Study Guide Test on _____________________
1. Rome is the capital of the country called Italy.
2. The city of Rome is located on the Italian peninsula and part of the
European continent.
3. A legend is an old, well-known story, usually more entertaining than truthful.
4. The legend of Romulus and Remus is a legend that tells how the city began.
5. Rome is located on the Tiber River.
6. The ancient Romans believed in many gods and goddesses.
7. Vesta was the goddess who watched over the sacred altar fire of every Roman
home and the fire of Rome itself. Fire was her symbol.
8. People who had great wealth and power were called patricians.
9. Poor working men and women were called plebeians.
10. A type of clothing worn by the Romans was a toga worn over a tunic.
11. Rome and Carthage fought in the First, Second, and Third Punic Wars.
12. Hannibal was from Carthage. He used elephants to cross the Alps during the
Second Punic War.
13. Latin was the language of the Romans.
14. The Senate was the part of the government that made laws.
15. Julius Caesar was a famous Roman. He was elected consul, named governor,
and general.
16. Cleopatra was queen of Egypt. Caesar’s enemies thought that he would marry
her so they assassinated him.
17. The Italian peninsula sticks out into the Mediterranean Sea.
18. The Strait of Gibraltar connects the Mediterranean Sea with the Atlantic
Ocean to the west.
19. A strait is a narrow strip of water connecting two bodies of water.
20. The Romans built excellent roads, bridges, and aqueducts.
21. An aqueduct is a great pipe high in the air for the water from the mountain
lakes to flow over valleys and hillsides. Aqueducts brought fresh water to the
city of Rome.
22. The Colosseum is a great, round arena where gladiator and wild animal fights
could be viewed by everyone.
23. Chariot races took place in the Circus Maximus.
24. Mount Vesuvius is a volcano. It erupted on August 24, A.D. 79.
25. The city of Pompeii was buried under rock and ash from the volcano.
26. The Romans persecuted the Christians because of their religious beliefs.
27. To persecute means to treat people cruelly or unfairly.
28. When Constantine became emperor, he allowed Christians to practice their
religion freely. He is remembered as the first Christian emperor of Rome. In
A.D. 330 Constantine moved the government to Constantinople.
29. Justinian was a famous emperor of the Eastern Empire.
30. Justinian preserved the old Roman laws by having them written down. This
collection of Roman laws was known as the Justinian Code.
31. Corruption lead to the decline of the Roman Empire.