* Your assessment is very important for improving the workof artificial intelligence, which forms the content of this project
Download Psychological Disorders
Substance use disorder wikipedia , lookup
Obsessive–compulsive disorder wikipedia , lookup
Emergency psychiatry wikipedia , lookup
Schizoid personality disorder wikipedia , lookup
Psychological evaluation wikipedia , lookup
Obsessive–compulsive personality disorder wikipedia , lookup
History of psychiatric institutions wikipedia , lookup
Kleptomania wikipedia , lookup
Panic disorder wikipedia , lookup
Conversion disorder wikipedia , lookup
Depersonalization disorder wikipedia , lookup
Schizoaffective disorder wikipedia , lookup
Conduct disorder wikipedia , lookup
Glossary of psychiatry wikipedia , lookup
Anxiety disorder wikipedia , lookup
Autism spectrum wikipedia , lookup
Mental status examination wikipedia , lookup
Antisocial personality disorder wikipedia , lookup
Asperger syndrome wikipedia , lookup
Personality disorder wikipedia , lookup
Mental disorder wikipedia , lookup
Generalized anxiety disorder wikipedia , lookup
Separation anxiety disorder wikipedia , lookup
Spectrum disorder wikipedia , lookup
Narcissistic personality disorder wikipedia , lookup
History of psychiatry wikipedia , lookup
Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders wikipedia , lookup
Pyotr Gannushkin wikipedia , lookup
Classification of mental disorders wikipedia , lookup
Causes of mental disorders wikipedia , lookup
Dissociative identity disorder wikipedia , lookup
Child psychopathology wikipedia , lookup
Psychological Disorders Module Overview • • • • Defining Disorder Understanding Disorders Classifying Disorders Labeling Disorders Click on the any of the above hyperlinks to go to that section in the presentation. Module 30: Introduction to Psychological Disorders Defining Disorder Psychological Disorder • A harmful dysfunction in which thoughts, feelings, or behaviors are maladaptive, unjustifiable, disturbing, and atypical. Hans Deryk/AP/Wide World Photos Characteristics of Psych Disorders • Maladaptive – An exaggeration of normal, acceptable behaviors – Destructive to oneself or others • Unjustifiable – Behavior which does NOT have a rational basis • Disturbing – A behavior which is troublesome to other people • Atypical – A behavior so different from other people’s behavior that it violates a norm MUDA • A mnemonic device used to remember the four attributes of a psychological disorder –Maladaptive –Unjustifiable –Disturbing –Atypical Module 30: Introduction to Psychological Disorders Understanding Disorders The Medical Model • The concept that mental illnesses have physical causes that can be diagnosed, treated, and in most cases, cured. – Psychological disorders can be diagnosed based on their symptoms and treated or cured through therapy. – Psychological disorders are similar to a physical illness. Bio-Psycho-Social Model • A contemporary perspective that assumes biological, psychological, and sociocultural factors combine and interact to produce psychological disorders. – Studies the influences of nature and nurture and their interaction Bio-Psycho-Social Model • Bio – predisposition or hereditary susceptibility to a disorder • Psycho – one’s thoughts and thinking patterns • Social – expectations and influence of culture Bio-Psycho-Social Perspective Module 30: Introduction to Psychological Disorders Classifying Disorders Classifying Mental Disorders Psychology classifies disorders to: 1) Describe the disorder 2) Predict the future course of the disorder 3) Treat the disorder appropriately 4) Provide a springboard for research into the disorder’s causes DSM-V • The American Psychiatric Association’s Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders, fifth edition – a widely used system for classifying psychological disorders – lists and describes all the currently accepted categories of mental disorders Module 30: Introduction to Psychological Disorders Labeling Disorders Labeling Stigmas • Studies show a clear bias against people diagnosed with mental disorders. Types of Psychological Disorders Lisa Thomberg/istockphoto Module 31: Anxiety and Mood Disorders Anxiety Disorders Anxiety and Anxiety Disorders • Anxiety: a vague feeling of apprehension or nervousness. – Normal and everyone experiences it • Anxiety disorder: where anxiety begins to take control and dominate a person’s life – MUDA Types of Anxiety Disorders • Anxiety disorders are divided into: –Generalized Anxiety Disorder –Panic Disorder –Phobia – Obsessive-Compulsive Disorder (OCD) –Posttraumatic Stress Disorder (PTSD) Anxiety Disorders Module 31: Anxiety and Mood Disorders Mood Disorders Mood Disorders • Classification of disorders where there is a disturbance in the person’s emotions • Major types of mood disorders include: –Major Depressive Disorder –Bipolar Disorder –Dysthymic Disorder Mood Disorders Module 32: Dissociative, Schizophrenic and Personality Disorders Dissociative Disorders Dissociative Disorders • Disorders in which the sense of self has become separated (dissociated) from previous memories, thoughts, or feelings. – Extremely rare and usually the result of overwhelming stress – Formerly Multiple Personality Disorder Types of Dissociative Disorders • Three main types: –Dissociative Amnesia –Dissociative Fugue –Dissociative Identity Disorder Dissociative Disorders Module 32: Dissociative, Schizophrenic and Personality Disorders Schizophrenic Disorders Schizophrenia • A group of severe disorders characterized by disorganized and delusional thinking, disturbed perceptions, and inappropriate emotions and behaviors. – Is NOT one disorder but a family of disorders – Is NOT “split personality” – Occurs in about 1% of the population Module 32: Dissociative, Schizophrenic and Personality Disorders Schizophrenic Disorders: Symptoms of Schizophrenia Symptoms of Schizophrenia • Symptoms of schizophrenia include: –Delusions (false beliefs) –Hallucinations (false perceptions) –Inappropriate emotions or behaviors Symptoms of Schizophrenia Module 32: Dissociative, Schizophrenic and Personality Disorders Personality Disorders Personality Disorders • Psychological disorders characterized by rigid and lasting behavior patterns that disrupt social functioning. • Divided into three clusters: –Related to anxiety –With odd and eccentric behaviors –With dramatic or impulsive behaviors Personality Disorders Module 33 Psychological Therapies Psychotherapy • An interaction between a trained therapist and someone who is seeking to overcome psychological difficulties or achieve personal growth. – There are over 250 different types of therapy. Four Major Types of Psychotherapy • Most therapies can be divided into: –Psychoanalytic –Humanistic –Behavioral –Cognitive Psychoanalysis • Freud’s theory of personality; • also, a therapeutic technique that attempts to provide insight into thoughts and actions by exposing and interpreting the underlying unconscious motives and conflicts. Humanistic Therapies • Client-Centered Therapy – therapist uses techniques such as active listening within a genuine, accepting, empathic environment to facilitate the client’s growth. • Nondirective Therapy – Therapist listens without interpreting and does NOT direct the client (patient) to any particular insight. Module 33: Psychological Therapies Behavior Therapies Behavior Therapy • Therapy that applies learning principles to the elimination of unwanted behaviors. – Uses both classical and operant conditioning – Primary concern is to eliminate the disorder’s behavior, NOT find the cause of the disorder Module 33: Psychological Therapies Cognitive Therapies Cognitive Therapy • Therapy that teaches people new, more adaptive ways of thinking and acting. – Based on the assumption that thoughts intervene between events and our emotional reactions Cognitive Therapy • Almost half of all therapist at a university setting use cognitive therapies Cognitive Therapy Cognitive Therapy Cognitive Therapy Cognitive Therapy Cognitive Therapy Cognitive Therapy Group Therapy • Having a therapist work with a number of patients at one time • Groups usually consist of 6 to 10 people • Cognitive, behavior, and humanistic therapists all can lead group therapies. Comparison of Psychotherapies Comparison of Psychotherapies Comparison of Psychotherapies Comparison of Psychotherapies Comparison of Psychotherapies Eclectic Approach • An approach to psychotherapy that, depending on the person’s problems, uses a variety of techniques from multiple forms of therapy. – Uses whichever therapy works best for the problem the person has