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Transcript
('lass Date ------- Section 1 Review SECTION VOCABULARY rcontinental drift the hypothesis that a single large landmass broke up into smaller land masses to form the continents, which then drifted ta their present locations midNocean ridge a long, undersea mountain chain that has a steep. narrow vaHey at its center, that forms as magma rises from the asthenosphere, and that creates new oceanic lithosphere (sea floor) as tectonic plates move apart . paleomagnetism the study of the alignment of magnetic minerals in rockt specifically as itre- . lates to the reversal of Earth's magnetic poles; also the magnetic properties that rock acquires during formation sea-floor spreading the process by which new oceanic lithosphere (sea floor) forms when magma rises to Earth's surface at mid-ocean ridges and solidifies, as older, existing sea floor moves away from the ridge 1. Explain How does sea-floor spreading support the hypothesis of continental chift? 2. Infer Scientists once thought that all of the ocean floor was very old. Did they probably expect to find very thick sediment or very thin sediment on the ocean noor? Explain your answer. 3. Describe In which direction would the red end of a compass needle point during a magnetic reversal? 4. Explain How do fossils support the continental drift hypothesis? 5. Describe Vvllat did scientists observe when they studied the magnetic fields of rocks on the sides of mid-ocean ridges? Holt McDougal Earth Science Tectonics Cla.')s Section 2 Review Date ------ CH/O SECTION VOCABULARY asthenosphere the solid, plastic layer of the mantle beneath the lithosphere convergent boundary the boundary between tectonic plates that are colliding divergent boundary the boundary. between tectonic plates that are moving away from each other I lithosphere the solid, outer layer of Earth that consists of the crust and the rigid upper part of fuema~e . " plate tectonics the theory that explains how large pieces of the lithosphere, called plates, move and change shape transform boundary the boundary between tectonic plates that are sliding past each other horizontally i T. Compare Complete the Venn diagram to compare the three tYl)es of plate boundaries. Transform boundaries Divergent boundaries 2. Describe Relationships How are subduction and sea-floor spreading related to ridge push and slab pull? CnpYlight Hnl!. ,\lcI)O\lg~ll. All rights rp:served. Holt McDougal Earth Science 154 plate Tectonics I ),Itl' Section 3 Review SECTION VOCABULARY Pangaea the supercontinent that formed supercontinent cycle the process by which 300 million years ago and that began to break up 200 million years ago Panthalassa the single, large ocean that supercontinents form and break apart over millions of years terrane a piece of lithosphere that has a unique geologic history and that may be part of a larger piece of lithosphere, such as a continent covered Earth's surface during the time the supercontinent Pangaea existed rifting the process by which Earth's crust breaks apart; can occur within continental crust Of oceanic crust 1. Compare Describe the difference between Pangaea and Panthalassa. 2. Describe The continents that existed before Pangaea formed were much smaller than the continents today. Describe how the continents have grown larger. 3. Explain How can the movements of the continents affect Earth's climate? 4. Infer The oldest rocks on Earth are found on the continents. Are these rocks most likely found in the centers of continents or at their edges? Explain your answer. 5. Describe Relationships Describe how convergent and divergent boundaries are related to the supercontinent cycle. COPYright ~) H()lt :lId)()lIg;iI. ,\11 rights Holt McDougal Earth Science rl'~Plv('rI. 160 plate Tectonics