Download The Human Genome: Traits, Disorders and

The Human Genome: Traits, Disorders and Treatments
MULTIPLE CHOICE QUESTIONS
1. What type of disorder is cystic fibrosis?
a. bleeding disease
b. recessive single gene disorder
c. a poly-genic disorder
d. a non-disjunction disorder
2. Cystic fibrosis results in the following
a. imbalance of chloride, sodium and water in the cell
b. thick mucus
c. death
d. all of the above
3. What causes sickle cell anemia?
a. a missing enzyme
b. a missing allele
c. a change in the amino acid sequence of the hemoglobin protein
d. a damaged chromosome
4. How is abnormal hemoglobin different?
a. it is less soluble and forms crystals
b. it is less able to carry oxygen
c. both a and b
d. it is donut shaped
5. What ethnicity is most affected by sickle cell anemia?
a. Asian
b. African
c. Jewish
d. English
6. Heterozygous carriers of sickle cell anemia have some protection from
a. cholera
b. measles
c. cancer
d. malaria
7. What types of cells does Tay-Sachs disease affect?
a. nerve cells
b. blood cells
c. muscle cells
d. epithelial cells
8. What type of disorder is Tay-Sachs?
a. dominant single gene disorder
b. recessive single gene disorder
c. sex-linked genetic disorder
d. non-disjunction disorder
9. What ethnicity is most affected by Tay-Sachs disease?
a. North African
b. Irish
c. American
d. Eastern European Jews
10. What is missing in babies with Tay-Sachs?
a. an enzyme that breaks down lipids
b. lipids that form cell walls
c. hormones that regulate body temperature
d. enzymes that digest food
11. Heterozygous carriers of Tay-Sachs have some protection from
a. malaria
b. bird flu
c. tuberculosis
d. heart disease
12. What type of disorder is Huntington’s disease?
a. dominant single gene disorder
b. recessive single gene disorder
c. sex-linked genetic disorder
d. non-disjunction disorder
13. What causes Huntington’s disease?
a. misplaced proteins
b. missing enzymes
c. unknown factor
d. split chromosomes
14. What age are people usually diagnosed with Huntington? Disease?
a. infants
b. in their twenties
c. middle aged
d. elderly
15. How is Huntington’s disease inherited?
a.
b.
c.
d.
from a father with a dominant allele
from a grandfather
through being homozygous for the recessive allele
from a chromosome that doesn’t divide properly
16. How is the gene different in Huntington’s disease?
a. shorter than normal
b. same, but wrong sequence of bases
c. longer than normal
d. missing allele
17. What are sex-linked genetic disorders?
a. disorders of sex organs
b. disorders that occur when the chromosomes don’t divide properly
c. disorders that occur on the X chromosome
d. disorders that only occur in females
18. What type of disorder is color blindness?
a. non-disjunction disorder
b. missing chromosome disorder
c. sex-linked genetic disorder
d. dominant single gene disorder
19. What abnormality occurs in hemophilia?
a. deficiency of blood clotting proteins
b. abnormal bleeding
c. both a and b
d. abnormally shaped blood cells
20. What is the cause of the most common type of muscular dystrophy?
a. defective form of dystrophin
b. missing enzymes
c. build up of protein
d. not enough hormones
21. How do non-disjunction disorders occur?
a. a single base pair mutation
b. chromosomes divide improperly
c. having a diet rich in carcinogens
d. having a diet rich in antioxidants
22. What causes Down’s syndrome to occur?
a. having too few chromosomes
b. having defective muscle proteins
c. having too many chromosomes
d. having missing enzymes
23. What is involved in amniocentesis?
a. testing of parents’ blood
b. measuring the age of a fetus
c. determining the eye color
d. obtaining a sample of fluid from the womb
24. What is chorionic villus sampling for?
a. determining the sex of a fetus
b. testing for genetic disorders
c. determining if a baby is old enough to be born
d. obtaining a sample of fluid from the womb
25. Which diseases are caused by a multitude of factors?
a. cancer, heart disease and schizophrenia
b. Huntington’s disease and Down’s Syndrome
c. color blindness and Tay-Sachs
d. Sickle cell anemia and hemophilia
MULTIPLE CHOICE ANSWERS
1. b
2. d
3. c
4. c
5. b
6. d
7. a
8. b
9. d
10. a
11. c
12. a
13. c
14. c
15. a
16. c
17. c
18. c
19. c
20. a
21. b
22. c
23. d
24. b
25. a