Download Sexual and Asexual Reproduction

Methods of
Reproduction
Sexual and Asexual
Reproduction
Asexual Reproduction:
•One parent producing an offspring
identical to itself (parent)
• Requires only 1 parent and the
offspring are an exact copy of the
parent---a clone
Methods of asexual reproduction:
Binary fission
Budding
Fragmentation
Binary fission
•
Parent organism
splits in half
• Happens only in singlecelled organisms
Budding- an offspring grows out
of the body of the parent.
Hydra Budding
offspring
Cactus Budding
Budding
• Organism develops tiny buds on its body
• Buds form from the parent cell so the bud is
identical to the parent.
• Both unicellular and multicellular
• Examples: hydra, plants, some yeast
Fragmentation
In this form, the body of the parent breaks into distinct
pieces, each of which can produce an offspring.
Pieces of coral broken off in storms
can grow into new colonies.
A new starfish can grow from
one detached arm.
Fragmentation- plant cuttings
Some plants can grow from cutting them up and
replanting them.
Asexual Reproduction
• One parent
• Identical to parent
• Same genetic information (DNA)
• More likely to get disease
• Rapid rate of reproduction
Sexual Reproduction
• Two parents egg (female) and sperm
(male)
• Gets genetic material from two parents
• ½ from each
• Fertilization – when egg and sperm unite
• Unique offspring ( not identical to parents)
• Creates the diversity of life on earth
Vocabulary
Genotype: an organism’s
collection of genes usually
represented by two letters
Vocabulary
Phenotype: An
organism’s observable
traits, what you can
see
Traits
• Dominant Trait: The observable trait in a
set of chromosomes, represented by a
capital letter
• Recessive Trait: The trait that is only
observable when there are two of them;
represented by a lower case letter
Traits
• Heterozygous: two different genes in a pair
• Homozygous: two of the same genes in a
pair
• Purebred: two dominant genes in a pair