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Objectives in
Geomorphology & Oceanography
Authors
Dr. Mrs. N. N. Chakradeo
Dr. S. S. Maske
HOD & Associate Professor
Assistant Professor
Department of Geography
Department of Geography
Sangameshwar College, Solapur
Sangameshwar College, Solapur
Lumbini Publication, Solapur
2
Objectives in
Geomorphology & Oceanography
Dr. Mrs. N. N. Chakradeo
Dr. S. S. Maske
Publisher
Lumbini Publication, Solapur
C -11, Jai-Jui Nagar
New RTO Road
Solapur- 413004
© – Dr. Mrs. N. N. Chakradeo
First Edition -2015
Rs. 50/-
3
PREFACE
Geography is a dynamic science. It studies the man and nature
relationship. Geomorphology and Oceanography are the branches of geography
which study the morphology of the earth. It is very interesting to know the
evolution of our earth. The nature has provided this gift to us, which we are
using for betterment of man to fulfill his growing needs. It is necessary to get a
scientific knowledge of Geomorphology and Oceanography its importance.
This book can be referred as a reference book by the students at under
graduate and post graduate levels and even for various competitive
examinations like NET, SET, MPSC, UPSC etc.
It is our pleasure to thank Honorable Ms. H. M. Kadadi Chairman and
Shri. D. A. Kadadi, Secretary Shri Sangameshwar Education Society for their
constant encouragement for writing this book. I am thankful to Dr. D. D. Pujari,
Principal Sangameshwar College, Solapur for his support and suggestions in the
task. I am thankful to Dr. R. J. Moharkar for his valuable suggestions. We are
also thankful to Ms. Renuka Kurle, Mr. Shirish Jadhav and Mr. Ganesh More
for their support. It is our duty to thank Mr. Vishwas and Lumbini Publications
for supporting to publish this work.
Any suggestions from the readers and the teachers are welcome for
improvement.
Dr. Ms. N. N. Chakradeo
Dr. S. S. Maske
4
Index
Sr No
Content
1
Geomorphology- Objectives
2
Oceanography- Objectives
3
Geomorphology – Answer Key
4
Oceanography- Answer Key
5
Bibliography
Page No
5
GEOMORPHOLOGY
1. The science which studies evolution of landform is known as ____.
A) Geomorphology
B) Climatology
C) Hydrology
D) Pedology
2. The world lithosphere means __________ sphere.
A) Rock
B) Minerals
C) Elements
D) Sediments
3. The world _______ means rock sphere.
A) Hydrosphere
B) Atmosphere,
C) Lithosphere
D) Biosphere)
4. According to modern geographers the earth has ________ shape.
A) Sphere
B) Apple
C) Pear
D) Geoid
5. A down faulted area is called as _____.
A) U shaped valley
B) Graben
C) V shaped valley
D) Gorge
6. _______ and Moulten have suggested the Planetismal hypothesis in 1905.
A) Kant
B) Laplace
C) Russel
D) Chemberlin
7. Chemberlin and Moulten have suggested the _______hypothesis in 1905.
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A) Planetismal
B) Binary star
C) Nebular
D) Gases
8. E. Suess has identified _________ number of layers bellow the outer thin layer of
sedimentation.
A) Two
B) Three
C) Four
D) Five
9. _______has identified three layers bellow the outer thin layer of sedimentation.
A) Kant
B) Laplace
C) Russel
D) E. Suess
10. Igneous rocks are also called as ______ rock.
A) Primary
B) Secondary
C) Tertiary
D) Quaternary
11. ________rocks are also called as primary rock.
A) Sedimentary
B) Metamorphic
C) Igneous
D) Marble)
12. _________ waves provide authentic information about the earth’s interior.
A) Electromagnetic
B) Sea
C) Seismic
D) Sound
13. _________ is an example of active volcano.
A) Visuvious
B) Katmai
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C) Aniakchak
D) Stromboli
14. Most of the young mountains have their origin due to ______ activities.
A) Folding
B) Faulting
C) Depositional
D) Erositional
15. Binary star hypothesis of the earth’s origin was postulated by ________.
A) Kant
B) Laplace
C) Russel
D) Jeams
16. The lower limit of the crust is a discontinuity layer known as _______ discontinuity.
A) Moho
B) Gutenberg
C) Canard
D) Oldham
17. Orogenetic forces are responsible for _________ movements of the crust.
A) Vertified
B) Horizontal
C) Erosional
D) Transportyation
18. Fumeroles are related with _________ activity.
A) Earthquake
B) Weathering
C) Denudation
D) Volcanic
19. In case of an earthquake ______ waves reach last to the observes.
A) Primary
B) Secondary
C) Surface
D) Sound
20. Rain water is mainly responsible for _______ weathering.
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A) Mechanical
B) Chemical
C) Biotic
D) Physical
21. The word weathering means ________ rocks.
A) Disintegration
B) Deposition
C) Erosion
D) Transporatation
22. There are sequential changes in landform through ______.
A) Time
B) Space
C) Structure
D) Process
23. Yardang is a ________ land form produces by wind.
A) Depositional
B) Erosional
C) Transportation
D) Chemical
24. ________is an depositional land form produces by wind.
A) Yardang
B) Zeuzen
C) Mushroom Rock
D) Barkhan
25. Human settlements are scattered in _____ areas.
A) Mountains
B) Plain
C) Plateau
D) Coasts
26. Geomorphology is a branch of _________ geography.
A) Human
B) Economic
C) Social
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D) Physical
27. Geomorphology is defined as a________ description and analysis of landscape and the
process that change them.
A) Systematic
B) Sturdy
C) Dynamic
D) Unscientific
28. The continents and oceans are considered as _____ order relief featurs.
A) First
B) Second
C) Third
D) Fifth
29. R. E. Horton (1945) introduced __________ techniques in geomorphology.
A) Descriptive
B) Qualitative
C) Quantitative
D) Technical
30. James Hotton (1788) observed the ______of the earth’s history.
A) Polycyclic
B) Geographical cycle
C) Natural cycle)
D) Cyclic nature
31. C. F. Duttan used the term ________.
A) Isostasy
B) Equilibrium
C) Erosion
D) Cyclic nature
32. Complexity of geomorphic evolution is more common than ________.
A) Common
B) Generalization
C) Simplicity
D) Complex
10
33. Landscape produced due to completion of several cycles of erosion is called as ________
cyclic landscapes.
A) More than two
B) One
C) Zero
D) Poly
34. Little of the earth’s topography is older than________.
A) Tertiary
B) Quaternary
C) Archean
D) Era
35. Most of the earth topography is not older than _________.
A) Pleistocene
B) Miocene
C) Holocene
D) Cenerozoic
36. Each climatic type produces _________characteristic assemblage of landforms.
A) Same
B) Its own
C) Similar
D) Equal
37. The satellite studies have revealed the average density of the earth as ______ gm3.
A) 5.51
B) 5.85
C) 5.17
D) 4.71
38. The density of the _____of the earth is highest of all parts of the earth.
A) Lower Mantle
B) Crust
C) Upper Mantle
D) Core
39. The asthenosphere has temperature around _______.
A) 11000 C
11
B) 22000C
C) 43000C
D) 66000C
40. There is gradual flow of _____from the inner part of the earth to is outer part.
A) Gas
B) Water
C) Heat
D) Solid material
41. Seismology is the sciences which studies various aspects of __________ waves.
A) Electric
B) Seismic
C) Magnetic
D) Current
42. _________identified intermediate layer with average density there inside the earth.
A) Moho
B) James
C) Conarad
D) Gutenberg
43. _______studied the chemical composition of the earth’s interior.
A) Kant
B) Laplace
C) Russel
D) E. Suess
44. Weichert-Gutenberg discontinuity is present at the depth of ________ Km. below the surface
of the earth.
A) 2900
B) 2400
C) 3400
D) 4400
45. The horizontal displacement of the continents theory was firstly putforth by _______in 1910.
A) G. Taylor
B) F. B. Taylor
C) E. Suess
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D) Haget
46. The term ‘Plate’ first used by Canadian geophysicist _______.
A) Watson
B) Haget
C) G. taylor
D) J.T. Wilson
47. The term ______ first used by Canadian geophysicist J.T. Wilson.
A) Land
B) Continent
C) Plate
D) Ocean
48. Vine & Mattheus conducted the magnetic survey of _______ ocean in 1963.
A) Indian
B) Pacific
C) Atlantic
D) Southern
49. New basaltic crust is continuously formed along the ______ridges.
A) Continental shelf
B) Island
C) Ocean deep
D) Mid oceanic
50. According to Sir Georg Airy, ________ is floating in sima.
A) Sial
B) Sima
C) Nife
D) Crust
51. According to Pratt, there is a level of _________ below which there is no change in density.
A) Compliments
B) Compensation
C) Comparison
D) Isostacy
52. According to _______there is a level of compensation below which there is no change in
density.
13
A) Air
B) Vine
C) Pratt
D) Mattheus
53. The concept of isostacy by ____ is based on uniform depth with varing density.
A) Airy
B) Partt
C) Hayford
D) E. Suess
54. According to Hayford & Bowie there is an inverse relationship between the height of
columns of the crust & their respective_______.
A) Width
B) Mass
C) Densities
D) Length
55. A. Holmes, & D. L. Holmes have explained ________as equal weight along the level of
equal pressure.
A) Isostacy
B) Level
C) Compensation
D) Densities
56. _______explains the reason of gradual rising of mountains and gradual subsidence of the
continents.
A) Compensation
B) Densities
C) Isostacy
D) Level
57. Isostacy explains the reason of gradual _______of mountains and gradual subsidence of the
continents.
A) Rising
B) Subsiding
C) Constant
D) Movement
14
58. The 99% of the elements of the rocks are only _____in number.
A) Nine
B) Two
C) Five
D) Eight
59. Wall like formation of solidified magma is represented by_______.
A) Dykes
B) Vent
C) Besalt
D) Stock
60. __________rocks are also called as stratified rocks.
A) Sedimentary
B) Igneous
C) Metamorphic
D) Intrusive
61. Karst topography is associated with ________chalk rock.
A) Silicate
B) Carbonate
C) Magnetite
D) Sulphat
62. Diastrophic forces related with _____interior forces.
A) Horizontal
B) Vertical
C) Deep
D) Shallow
63. The ______limb of a fold is called as Napple.
A) Strong
B) Weak
C) Ideal
D) Broken
64. The ______is defined as a fracture in the crustal rock.
A) Joint
B) Fold
15
C) Fault
D) Napple
65. Rift vally formation is a result of_____.
A) Folding
B) Faulting
C) Bending
D) Cracking
66. The term _______covers all the process in which molten rock material rises to the crust.
A) Earthquake
B) Isostacy
C) Volcanicity
D) Diastrophism
67. There is a close relationship between plate margins and ______.
A) Volcanicity
B) Earthquake
C) Isostacy
D) Diastrophism
68. Vally of ten thousand smokes is present in ______.
A) Canada
B) England
C) Australia
D) Alaska
69. ______mountains are the youngest mountains on the earth surface.
A) Faulting
B) Folded
C) Bending
D) Rresidual
70. Kober’s theory of _____is based on forces of contraction due to cooling of the earth.
A) Plate tectonic
B) Conventional current
C) Geosynclines
D) Continental drift
71. Jeffrey based this theory of mountains systems origin on ______reasoning.
16
A) Mathematical
B) Logical
C) Analytical
D) Quantitative
72. Joly’s theory is known as _____cycle theory.
A) Tetrahedral
B) Thermal
C) Geosynclines
D) Plate
73. The ______products are more in equilibrium with new conditions.
A) Erosion
B) Volcanicity
C) Weathering
D) Isostacy
74.
Chelation is related with _________weathering by plants.
A) Chemical
B) Physical
C) Biological
D) Mechanical
75. Freezing of water in the rock joints cause _____ weathering.
A) Chemical
B) Physical
C) Biological
D) Mechanical
76. Freezing of water in the rock ______cause physical weathering.
A) Crestline
B) Bends
C) Gaps
D) Joints
77. Termites play very important role in _____ weathering.
A) Water
B) Soil
C) Rock
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D) Silt
78. Burrowing animals destroy the ______horizons.
A) Water
B) Soil
C) Rock
D) Silt
79. Movement of rock waste bock down the slopes is called as_____.
A) Weathering
B) Erosion
C) Transportation
D) Mass movement
80. Foot hill deposition of rock debris due to mass movement is called as _______.
A) Talus
B) Morinetalus
C) Affifans
D) Morine
81. Foot hill deposition of rock debris due to mass movement is called as _______.
A) Scree
B) Morinetalus
C) Affifans
D) Morine
82. The mass movements are caused due to _______force.
A) Tidal
B) Centripetal
C) Centrifugal
D) Gravity
83. Slope is an upward or downward inclination of surface between _______and valleys.
A) Mountain
B) Hills
C) Plateau
D) Plain
84. Quantitatively the angle of slope at a plain is always below ___degree.
A) Three
18
B) Two
C) Six
D) Five
85. Slope replacement theory was propounded by______.
A) W. Penk
B) W.M. Davis
C) Huttan
D) A. Holmes
86. Penk’s replacement theory is also known as _______retreat of slope theory.
A) Vertical
B) Parallel
C) Equal
D) Horizontal
87. Slope decline theory was developed by __________.
A) W.M. Davis
B) Huttan
C) A. Holmes
D) W. Penk
88. ________ concept of slope evolution is known as hill slope cycle theory.
A) L. C. Kings
B) W. Penks
C) W.M. Davis
D) A. Holmes
89. The concept of Normal cycle of erosion is also known as ________cycle of erosion.
A) Historical
B) Geological
C) Geographical
D) Social
90. Alluvial fans and cones are associated with ______stage of geographical cycle.
A) Initial
B) Maturity
C) Youth
D) Old
19
91. Pene plain is a land form which indicates the ______ stage of the erosional cycle.
A) Maturity
B) Youth
C) Old
D) Initial
92. Interruption of cycle is also known as _________.
A) River capture
B) Rejuvenation
C) Cycle
D) Change
93. Karst region present in ________in famous for limestone topography.
A) England
B) Italy
C) Yugoslauina
D) Hungery
94. Residual soils of Karst topography are known as_______.
A) Terra rosa
B) Polje
C) Blind valley
D) Uvalas
95. Very large dolines are called as_______.
A) Poljes
B) Sink holes
C) Uvalas
D) Caverns
96. Blind valley, uvalas dolines, and caverns are associated with _______topography.
A) River
B) Aeolian
C) Karst
D) Glacier
97. Wave velocity is directly related with wave_______.
A) Length
B) Amplitude
20
C) Frequency
D) Intensity
98. The water particles within a wave move in ________ orbit.
A) Circular
B) Oblique
C) Parabolic
D) Uncertain
99. Wave _____results in the formation of long shore currents.
A) Modifification
B) Reflection
C) Scattering
D) Refraction
100.
Wave cut platforms are associated with ______and cave.
A) Mudflats
B) Sea cliffs
C) Beaches
D) Caves
101.
_____are the deposits of breaker waves between high and low tide.
A) Beaches
B) Sand dunes
C) Sea cliff
D) Wave cut platform
102.
Sedimentation due to sea wave which is _________to the shore line is called as sand
bar.
A) Vertical
B) Parallel
C) Equal
D) Horizontal
103.
When a _______connects on inland to the mainland it is called as tombolo.
A) Barriers
B) Ridge
C) Sand bar
D) Reef
21
104.
Ria / fiord coastline is an indication of _________coast fine.
A) Emerging
B) Constant
C) Vertical
D) Submerging
105.
Deserts with mobile sand are called as ______.
A) Ergs
B) Barkhan
C) Loess
D) Oasis
106.
Takalamakar and gobi deserts are located in central ____.
A) Afrika
B) Australia
C) Asia
D) India
107.
Fine, loamy clay deposits in an asuid region in known as ________.
A) Fluvial
B) Pane plain
C) Delta
D) Loess
108.
The temporary lakes are called as ______in deserts.
A) Tarn
B) Playa
C) Oasis pond
D) Tora
109.
Gently sloping depositional plain between pediments and playas is called as
________.
A) Bajada
B) Humada
C) Saif
D) Barkhan
110.
Accumulation of ice above the snow line gives rise to a______.
A) River
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B) Glacier
C) Stream
D) Wave
111.
The glacial trougs which have been occupied by the sea called as______.
A) Rai
B) Barrier
C) Ridge
D) Fords
112.
______like depositional features of glacial hills are called as moraine.
A) Ridge
B) Hill
C) Eskers
D) Reef
113.
Geomorphology is defined as a _________ description and analysis of landscapes and
the process that change them.
A) Systematic
B) Scientific
C) Orderly
D) Roughly
114.
The place of occurrence of an earth quake is known as _________.
A) Epicenter
B) Focus
C) Center
D) Middle
115.
There is gradual flow of heat from the ______ part of the earth to the surface of it.
A) Outside
B) External
C) Marginal
D) Interior
116.
According to ___ the size of the delta depends upon size of the river and the region
drained by the river.
A) Strabo
B) Hirodotus
23
C) Eratosthenis
D) Aristotal
117.
____ observed the cyclic nature of the earths history in 1788.
A) W.M. Davis
B) E. Suess
C) J. Hotton
D) Playfair
118.
The asthenosphere has temperature around ___ degree centigrade.
A) 1100
B) 2200
C) 33000
D) 35000
119.
The thermal contraction theory was introduced by ______.
A) Holmes
B) Pratt
C) Jeffrey
D) Arry
120.
Volcanic activities are ______ related with horizontal and vertical movements of the
crust.
A) Poorly
B) Sometimes
C) Closely
D) Always
121.
The term fire ring of the pacific is related with ______.
A) Vulcanicity
B) Mass movement
C) Pneplation
D) Pedimentation
122.
The down slope movement of earth’s materials at very slow velocity is called
as______ of the soil.
A) Creeping
B) Flowing
C) Sliding
24
D) Glinding
123.
In 1985 ______ has classified various types of mass movements.
A) R. J. Small
B) R. J. Choraly
C) R. J. Rice
D) A Penk
124.
‘Geographical Essay’ was written by ______ in 1909.
A) W. Penk
B) R. J. Choraly
C) R. J. Small
D) W. M. Davis
125.
There is close relationship between the plate _____and vulcanicity.
A) Center
B) Interior
C) External
D) Margins
126.
The continents and oceans are considered as ______ order relief features.
A) First
B) Second
C) Third
D) fourth
127.
The density of the core of the earth is ______ of all the parts.
A) Lowest
B) Smallest
C) Minute
D) Highest
128.
The surface waves of the earth quakes are also called as _____.
A) Period waves
B) L long waves
C) S waves
D) C waves
129.
The enlarged vent of a volcano is called as crater or ____.
A) Caldera
25
B) Fumaroles
C) Lake
D) Crater
130.
Oxidation and hydration are the type of ______ weathering.
A) Physical
B) Mechanical
C) Biological
D) Chemical
131.
The quantitative techniques were introduced by _____ in 1945.
A) Davis
B) Horton
C) Choraly
D) Penk
132.
The term isostacy was firstly used by _____.
A) Dutton
B) Horton
C) Suess
D) Pratt
133.
Most of the earths topography is not older than ______.
A) Holocene
B) Pleistocene
C) Miocene
D) Plicene
134.
According to Hayford and Bowie there is an ______ relationship between the height
of columns of the crust and their respective weight.
A) Direct
B) Indirect
C) Inverse
D) Constant
135.
The folded mountains are the ____ mountains on the earth surface.
A) Oldest
B) Youngest
C) Residual
26
D) Newely
136.
Aristotal has mentioned that the spring originates due to ________ of the water.
A) Precipitation
B) Percolation
C) Runoff
D) Flow
137.
The valley of thousand smokes is present at _______.
A) Alaska
B) Kenya
C) New Zealand
D) Island
138.
Most of the chemical weathering results in to _______ density type of materials.
A) High
B) Moderate
C) Low
D) Constant
139.
Rift valley, block mountain are the results of ________.
A) Folding
B) Faulting
C) Sliding
D) Rising
140.
Disintegration in the form of blocks or granules in a result of ________weathering.
A) Chemical
B) Biological
C) Logical
D) Mechanical
141.
According to_________ there in an intermediate layer with average density three
inside the earth.
A) Conard
B) Moho
C) Gutenberg
D) Pratt
142.
Each climatic type produces ______characteristic assemblage of land forms.
27
A) Same
B) Its own
C) Similar
D) Paraller
143.
_________ earthquake waves involves transverse displacement.
A) P waves
B) S Waves
C) L waves
D) All of them
144.
Fumaroles are the specific landforms due to _________.
A) Volcano
B) Earth quack
C) Faulting
D) Folding
145.
The surface waves of the earth quack are also called as _____ waves.
A) K
B) L
C) S
D) P
146.
Geosynclines are ______ where sediments have been deposited.
A) Plains
B) Shallow seas
C) Plateaus
D) Lakes
147.
The theory of thermal convection currents was put forth by _______ in 1928.
A) Daly
B) Jaffrey
C) W. Penk
D) A. Holmes
148.
Termites play very important role in _______ weathering.
A) Physical
B) Chemical
C) Biotic
28
D) Anthropogenic
149.
__________ is a process of disintegration and decomposition.
A) Deposition
B) Weathering
C) Mass movement
D) Erosion
150.
Block
disintegration,
Exfoliation,
Glanular,
disintigration
are
result
of
_______weathering.
A) Physical
B) Chemical
C) Biotic
D) Logical
151.
Oxidation, Hydration, and carbonation are the process of _________.
A) Mechanical
B) Biological
C) Logical
D) Chemical
152.
Gorge and _____are the formation erosion work of river.
A) Hanging valley
B) U shaped Valley
C) Canyons
D) Barkhan
153.
Gorge and canyons are the formation erosion work of ________.
A) River
B) Wind
C) Glacier
D) Underground water
154.
Every landform is a __________ of structure, process & stage.
A) Work
B) Function
C) Creation
D) Gift
155.
V shaped valley is formed by ________erosion.
29
A) Wind
B) Glacier
C) Underground water
D) River
156.
Caves are produced by the work of _______topography.
A) Aeolian
B) Glacier
C) Karst
D) Fluvial
157.
U shaped valley is formed by ________erosion.
A) Aeolian
B) Glacier
C) Sea waves
D) Fluvial
158.
Waterfall, pot holes, river meanders are formed by work of _______.
A) River
B) Wind
C) Glacier
D) Underground water
159. Deflation basins, inselbergs, demoiselles, yardags etc. are formed by work of
_________.
A) River
B) Wind
C) Glacier
D) Underground water
160.In mountains region the settlements are formed ________ type.
A) Compact
B) Nucleated
C) Dispersed
D) Clustered
161.In _________ region the settlements are formed dispersed type.
A) Valley
B) Plain
30
C) Plateau
D) Mountain
162.In the plain areas the _______ are generally formed compact.
A) Village
B) House
C) Settlement
D) Farm house
163.In the plain areas the settlement are generally formed ______.
A) Compact
B) Nucleated
C) Sparse
D) Clustered
164.In the coastal areas near essuries settlements are formed _______.
A) Compact
B) Nucleated
C) Sparse
D) Clustered
165. ________ is the science, which studies morphology of the earth.
A) Pedology
B) Hydrology
C) Geomorphology
D) Geology
166. The Planetesmial theory of earth’s origin was put forth by _______ in 1905.
A) Chamberlin & Molten
B) La Place
C) Kant
D) Jeans& Jeffery
167. H. Russell believed on the _______ concept of earth’s origin.
A) Tidal theory
B) Binary Star
C) Gaseous origin
D) Nebular origin
168. In the interior of the earth, there is ________ in temperature with increasing depth.
31
A) Rise
B) Fall
C) No change
D) Little change
169. The surface layer of the earth is known as __________.
A) Asthenosphere
B) Mantle
C) Crust
D) Core
170. Gutenberg Discontinuity is present between _______ & ______ of the earth.
A) Core and Mantle
B) Crust and Mantle
C) Outer and inner Core
D) Mantle and Nonmetallic core
171. SIMA refers to _____________.
A) Si + Ma
B) Si + Mg
C) Si + Ca
D) Ni + Fe
172. Drifting of continents was explained by _______ in 1912.
A) Weber
B) Wegner
C) Ritter
D) Davis
173. During the Paleozoic period, Pangaea was surrounded by __________ a deep ocean.
A) Pacific
B) Atlantic
C) Tythes
D) Panthalasa
174. __________waves provide authentic knowledge about the interior of the earth.
A) Tidal
B) Seismic
C) Sound
32
D) Electromagnetic
175. The main reason of faulting is ___________ force.
A) Gravitational
B) Tensional
C) Tidal
D) Erosional
176. The young mountains like Himalayas are formed due to ________ of the earth
crust.
A) Faulting
B) Deposition
C) Erosion
D) Folding
177. In case of a distant earthquake ______ waves reach the observer last.
A) Sound waves
B) P waves
C) L waves
D) S waves.
178. ________volcano is known as The Light House of Mediterranean Sea.
A) Mt. Helen
B) Mt. Mauna Loa
C) Pinatubo
D) Stromboli
179. ________ is known as Earthquake Country.
A) India
B) Indonesia
C) Japan
D) Philipines
180. Sea floor spreading theory postulated by________ .
A) Hary Hess
B) Penk
C) King
D) Devis
33
OCEANOGRAPHY
1. Northern hemisphere is called as __________ hemisphere.
A) Land
B) Water
C) Ocean
D) Hydro
2. _________hemisphere is called as land hemisphere.
A) Southern
B) Western
C) Northern
D) Eastern
3. _____ is a science which studies the oceans and seas.
A) Oceanography
B) Pedology
C) Geohydrology
D) Meteorology)
4. Oceanography is a science which studies the _____and seas.
A) Oceans
B) Lakes
C) Water reservoir
D) Ponds
5. ________ are also called as deep sea plains.
A) Continental shelf
B) Coral reefs
C) Shallow sea
D) Abyssal plains
6. Abyssal plains are also called as _____ plains.
A) Coral
B) Deep sea
C) Shallow sea
D) Coastal
7. The average temperature of surface water of the oceans is _________ degree
centigrade.
34
A) 25.10c
B) 26.70c
C) 17.20c
D) 19.40c
8. ________ is most significant salt present in the ocean water.
A) MgCl2
B) CaSo4
C) NaCl
D) CaCo3
9. ________ is most significant salt present in the water.
A) Lake
B) Ocean
C) River
D) Estuarine
10. The rise and fall in the level of sea water due to ________force is called as tide
A) Attraction
B) Centrifugal
C) Centripetal
D) Gravitational
11. The rise and fall in the level of sea water due to gravitational force is called as
_______.
A) Wave
B) Tide
C) Current
D) Tidal Bore
12. There are basically __________ types of ocean currents.
A) 2
B) 4
C) 6
D) 8
13. Cyclone is originated when _______ different airmasses came in contact with each
other.
A) 6
35
B) 4
C) 2
D) 8
14. The terrigeneous materials deposited on the ocean floor include _______.
A) Gravels
B) Siliceous ooze
C) Red clay
D) Diaton ooz
15. The coral reefs are formed by accumulation of _________.
A) Bones
B) Skeletons
C) Skulls
D) Skins
16. The _____are formed by accumulation of skeletons.
A) Islands
B) Ocean floor
C) Coral reefs
D) Minerals
17. __________ hemisphere is called as water hemisphere.
A) Northern
B) Eastern
C) Western
D) Southern
18. Southern hemisphere is called as _______ hemisphere.
A) Water
B) Land
C) Air
D) Sound
19. Deep sea plain occupies ________ percent area of the ocean floor.
A) 23
B) 37
C) 43
D) 51
36
20. Deepest part of the Pacific Ocean is known as ________.
A) Tonga trench
B) Mariana trench
C) Phillippine trench
D) Kurile trench
21. Marianna Trench is located in _________ ocean.
A) Atlantic
B) Indian
C) Artic
D) Pacific
22. The annual average surface temperature of the ocean water gradualy _________ from
equator to poles.
A) Increases
B) Decreases
C) Remains constant
D) Never change
23. Sodium chloride dominates the salinity of ___________water.
A) Ocean
B) River
C) Lake
D) Tank
24. Every day a tide is delayed by________ minits.
A) 26
B) 16
C) 52
D) 8
25. The general movement of mass oceanic water in a definite direction is called as ocean
_______.
A) Current
B) Stream
C) Tide
D) Wave
37
26. The general movement of a mass oceanic water in a definite ______is called as ocean
current.
A) Flow
B) Way
C) Direction
D) Route
27. The tropical cyclone originating in western Pacific Ocean are known as ______.
A) Depression
B) Hurricane
C) Cyclone
D) Typhoons
28. The tropical cyclones originating in Western______ Ocean are known as Typhoons.
A) Atlantic
B) Indian
C) Pacific
D) Artic
29. Coral polyps thrive in __________ oceans.
A) Temperate
B) Polar
C) Sub Polar
D) Tropical
30. When coral reef forms of the costal platform but parallel to the platform is called as
____________.
A) Fringing Reef
B) Barrier Reef
C) Atoll
D) Ridge
31. ________ Area is occupied by the oceans.
A) 51 %
B) 69 %
C) 71 %
D) 79 %
32. The area and altitude of the earth surface are represented by _________ curve.
38
A) Concave
B) Convex
C) Uneven
D) Hypsographic
33. Long narrow very deep valleys located on the continental shelves are known as
_________.
A) Submarine plains
B) Submarine trenches
C) Submarine canyons
D) Ocean deeps
34. The temperature of the sea water _________ with increasing depth.
A) Increase
B) Decrease
C) Remains constant
D) Never change
35. ______ salinity is recorded near the mouth of the major rivers of the world.
A) Low
B) High
C) Very high
D) Moderate
36. The position of the sun, moon and the earth in a straight line is called as _______.
A) Syzygy
B) Apogee
C) Perigee
D) Equilibrium
37. Along the cost of south Africa___________ current is present containing cold water
A) Falkland
B) Brazil
C) Canary
D) Bengulea
38. _______ is a term used for tropical storms of Caribbean sea.
A) Tornado
B) Typhoon
39
C) Hurricane
D) Depression
39. Coral polyps could grow only in _________oceanic waters.
A) Deep
B) Very deep
C) Shallow
D) Estuarine
40. __________ cold current flows from the baring straight in southernly direction of
pacific ocean.
A) Kusio
B) Kurile
C) Peru
D) Benguela
41. Kurile cold current flows from the baring straight in southernly direction of
________.
A) Atlantic
B) Indian
C) Artic
D) Pacific
42. The Great Barrier Reef is located at __________.
A) East Australian coast
B) Andaman coast
C) West Andaman coast
D) New island coast
43. An atoll is a __________ coral reef.
A) Elongated
B) Fringing
C) Circular
D) Long
44. Most abundant ooze in the Atlantic ocean is ________.
A) Radiolarian
B) Diatom
C) Ptetopond
40
D) Globigerina
45. Lowest density of sea water is experience near _________ region.
A) Poles
B) Tropics
C) Equators
D) Temperate
46. High density of the ocean is recorded due to __________ temperature.
A) High
B) Low
C) Moderate
D) Very high
47. Gulf Stream is a warm ocean current of _________ ocean.
A) North Pacific
B) South Pacific
C) North Atlantic
D) South Atlantic
48. Okhotsk current is present near__________.
A) Japan
B) Kamchatka peninsula
C) Malaysia
D) California
49. Kurosio current flows along the coast_________.
A) Japan
B) Chile
C) California
D) Peru
50. Agulshas current is present in__________ ocean.
A) Pacific
B) Indian
C) Southern
D) Atlantic
51. ‘S’ shaped mid ocean ridge is present_______.
A) Pacific
41
B) Indian
C) Atlantic
D) Arabic
52. Tidal bores occurs in_________ region.
A) Abyssal plains
B) Mid ocean ridge of mouth
C) Off shore
D) River mouth
53. A glacial valley continuing the sea is_________.
A) Ria
B) Fiord
C) Estuary
D) Creak
54. Hanging valley is associated with________.
A) Wind
B) Sea
C) Glacier
D) River
55. Longitudinal ridge like deposits of the --------are called as________.
A) Ridge
B) Reef
C) Eskers
D) Yards
56. Playa is a lake found in________ while tarh is a lake of glacial.
A) Polar
B) Arid
C) Coastal
D) Tropical
57. An outwash plain is formed by_________ of fluvial glacial action.
A) Erosion
B) Deposition
C) Weathering
D) All of the above
42
58. Small dome shaped deposits near the glacier are called as____________.
A) Kames
B) Kettles
C) Drumlins
D) Eratic row.
59. The oval or elongated mounds or hills present in the plain are called as ________.
A) Kames
B) Eskers
C) Kettles
D) Drumlins
60. Basket of eggs topography is a term used for__________.
A) Drumlins
B) Kames
C) Eskers
D) Kettles
61. Very large boulders present over till plains show no relation with the bed rocks such
boulders are called as __________ rocks.
A) Monadnock
B) Inselberg
C) Tors
D) Erattic
62. The debris carried by the glacier called as ________.
A) Alluvim
B) Moraines
C) Culluvium
D) Loess
63. A rocky outcrop with gentle slope to upstream direction and steep shattered slope on
down slope direction is formed by erosion of a glacier is called as ___________.
A) Drumline
B) Roche moutonnee
C) Esslering
D) bb
64. An arête is a sharp edged ridge divides low cirques ___________.
43
A) Crag
B) Crevasses
C) Arête
D) Horn
65. An arte is a ridge which step low ___________.
A) Cirques
B) Crags
C) Horns
D) Crevasses
66. A ___________ is a semi-circular steep sided depression formed through glacial
erosion.
A) Cirque (corries)
B) Birgschrund
C) Crevasses
D) Doldring
67. A bargschrund is a large crevasses at the back of a ____________.
A) Horn
B) Valley
C) Tarn
D) Corries
68. A moving mass of the ice is called as ________.
A) Glacier
B) Neve
C) Firn
D) Snow
69. The sand dunes which run parallel to the wind direction are called as _____________.
A) Parabolic dunes
B) Barkhan
C) Seif
D) Transverse dunes
70. An area of the desert covered by smooth rocks is called ______________.
A) Rock pavement
B) Drumlin
44
C) Crag & tail
D) Erratic rock
71. A hard surface rock protects the lower smooth rock to forum a pillar it is called as
__________ or earth pillar.
A) Rock pavement
B) Domeiselles
C) Drumlin
D) Crag & tails
72. Wind erosion of the horizontal rock stands the arid regions give rise to ___________.
A) Yarding
B) Inselberg
C) Tors
D) Zeuzen
73. The vertical hard & soft rock stata are eroded by the wind to produce
_____________.
A) Yarding
B) Inselberg
C) Tors
D) Zeuzen
74. A low relief plain of the arid regions is called as __________.
A) Peneplane
B) Pediment
C) Pediplain
D) Etchedplain
75. The residual isolated hills of the pediplains are called as ___________ or born harts.
A) Bajada
B) Tors
C) Hammanda
D) Inselberg
76. The Ganga Brahmaputra delta is known as __________ delta.
A) Sundarban
B) Nandan kanan
C) Kagiranga
45
D) Kanha
77. Alluvial fans and alluvial cones are formed when there is a ___________ change in
the slope of the river.
A) Gradual
B) Slow
C) Abrupt
D) Moderation
78. Oxbow lakes are formed as a result of erosion as well as___________ by the.
A) Deposition
B) Transpiration
C) Attrition
D) Abrave
79. Dry or blind valleys are formed by the _________ of a stream.
A) Rejuvenation
B) Deposition
C) Formation
D) Capture
80. A narrow ‘V’ shaped valley is called as ___________.
A) Valley
B) Hanging Valley
C) Gorge
D) Cave
81. The_______ & velocity of a stream are responsible for the erosion work of stream.
A) Volume
B) Amount
C) Capacity
D) Load
82. The presence of wave cut platforms cliff indicate _____________coast line.
A) Emerging
B) Sub-emerging
C) Steady
D) Neutral
83. Formation of the sand bars and beach are an indication of ____________ coastline.
46
A) Neutral
B) Emerging
C) Sub-emerging
D) Steady
84. ___________ are present where the headlands enter into the sea.
A) Beaches
B) Marshes
C) Mudflats
D) Sea-cave
85. Sindhudurga is an example of __________Island.
A) Continental
B) Coastal
C) River
D) Coral
86. Laksha-Dweep islands are famous for tourism due to_____________.
A) Corals
B) Crocodiles
C) Caves
D) Cliffs
87. Oceanography is the sub branch of _______ geography.
A) Human
B) Settlement
C) Physical
D) Agriculture
88. The progressive wave theory deals with______.
A) Currents
B) Tides
C) Coral reefs
D) Wave erosion
89. _______ is the most abundant components of salts in sea.
A) Calcium
B) Chlorile
C) Sodium
47
D) Potassium
90. Continental slope and shelf are the _____ order landforms.
A) Third
B) Second
C) First
D) All of them
48
Geomorphology- Answer Key
Question
Answer
Question
Answer
Question
Answer
Question
Answer
Question
Answer
1
A
21
A
41
B
61
B
81
A
2
A
22
D
42
C
62
C
82
D
3
C
23
B
43
D
63
D
83
B
4
D
24
D
44
A
64
A
84
D
5
B
25
A
45
A
65
B
85
A
6
D
26
D
46
D
66
C
86
B
7
A
27
A
47
C
67
A
87
D
8
D
28
A
48
C
68
D
88
A
9
D
29
C
49
D
69
B
89
C
10
A
30
D
50
A
70
C
90
B
11
C
31
A
51
B
71
A
91
A
12
C
32
C
52
C
72
B
92
B
13
D
33
D
53
B
73
C
93
C
14
A
34
D
54
C
74
A
94
A
15
C
35
A
55
A
75
B
95
C
16
A
36
B
56
C
76
D
96
C
17
D
37
A
57
A
77
B
97
A
18
D
38
D
58
D
78
B
98
A
19
C
39
A
59
A
79
D
99
D
20
B
40
C
60
A
80
A
100
B
49
Geomorphology - Answer Key
Question
Answer
Question
Answer
Question
Answer
Question
Answer
101
A
121
A
141
B
161
D
102
B
122
A
142
B
162
D
103
C
123
B
143
B
163
A
104
D
124
D
144
A
164
A
105
D
125
D
145
B
165
C
106
C
126
A
146
B
166
A
107
D
127
D
147
D
167
B
108
B
128
B
148
C
168
A
109
A
129
A
149
B
169
C
110
B
130
B
150
A
170
A
111
D
131
B
151
D
171
A
112
A
132
A
152
C
172
B
113
A
133
B
153
A
173
D
114
B
134
A
154
B
174
B
115
D
135
B
155
D
175
B
116
B
136
B
156
C
176
D
117
C
137
A
157
B
177
C
118
A
138
C
158
A
178
D
119
C
139
B
159
D
179
C
120
C
140
D
160
C
180
A
50
Oceanography- Answer Key
Question
Answer
Question
Answer
Question
Answer
Question
Answer
Question
Answer
1
A
19
B
37
D
55
C
73
A
2
C
20
B
38
C
56
B
74
C
3
A
21
D
39
C
57
A
75
D
4
A
22
B
40
B
58
A
76
A
5
D
23
A
41
D
59
D
77
C
6
B
24
C
42
A
60
A
78
A
7
A
25
A
43
C
61
D
79
D
8
C
26
C
44
A
62
B
80
C
9
B
27
D
45
D
63
B
81
A
10
D
28
C
46
B
64
C
82
B
11
B
29
D
47
C
65
A
83
B
12
A
30
B
48
B
66
A
84
D
13
C
31
C
49
A
67
D
85
B
14
A
32
D
50
D
68
A
86
A
15
B
33
C
51
C
69
C
87
C
16
C
34
B
52
D
70
A
88
B
17
D
35
A
53
B
71
B
89
C
18
A
36
A
54
C
72
D
90
B
51
Bibliography
1. Bharatdwaj K. - Physical Geography (Oceanography)
2. Dasgupta A. & Kapoor A. N. – Principal of Physical Geography
3. Khan Nizamuddin – An introduction to Physical Geography
4. Lake P. - Physical Geography
5. Majid Hissain - Physical Geography
6. Padey P. N. - Physical Geography
7. Robinson H.- Morphology and landscape
8. Strahler A. - Physical Geography
9. Savindra Singh- Physical Geography
10. Savindra Singh- Geomorphology
11. Tikka R. N. - Physical Geography
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