Download Structure of Life

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Name: ___________________________________________ Date: ______________ Period: _____
DNA and RNA Test
Matching – match each term to its accurate description
Match the correct description with the following terms:
A. Adenine
C. Guanine
E. Thymine
B. Uracil
D. Cytosine
_____1. Base that pairs with Thymine
_____2. Base that pairs with Guanine
_____3. Base that pairs with Cytosine
_____4. DNA base that pairs with Adenine
_____5. RNA base that bonds with Adenine
Match the correct description with the following terms:
A. Deoxyribonucleic Acid
C. Nucleotides
B. Deoxyribose
D. Ribonucleic Acid
E. Ribose
_____6. The five-carbon sugar, which gives RNA its name
_____7. The subunits of DNA, which are linked together like a chain
_____8. The five-carbon sugar, which gives DNA its name
_____9. An extraordinarily long chain of nucleotides, which includes a thymine base; CATG
_____10. An extraordinarily long chain of nucleotides, which includes a uracil base; CAUG
Match the correct description with the following terms:
A. Double Helix
C. DNA Polymerase
B. Base Pairing Rules
D. Gene
E. RNA Polymerase
_____11. The scientific term for the shape of DNA
_____12. A segment of DNA that codes for a specific protein (DNA MAKES THE PROTEIN!!!)
_____13. This enzyme moves along a RNA strand matching up nucleotide bases
_____14. This theory determines that a C bonds with a G, and an A to a T
_____15. This enzyme moves along a DNA strand matching up nucleotide bases
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Match the correct term with the correct description below:
A. Gene Expression
C. Transcription
B. Replication
D. Translation
E. Protein
_____16. The second step in the process of making proteins—changes the language of RNA into
proteins
_____17. Process of making a strand of DNA from a strand of DNA
_____18. The first step in the process of making proteins; uses DNA to make mRNA
_____19. The processing of information from genetic information into proteins
_____20. DNA holds the code for the production of this organic compound
Match the correct description with the following terms:
A. Messenger RNA (mRNA)
C. Transfer RNA (tRNA)
B. Ribosomal RNA (rRNA)
_____21. Makes up the ribosomes
_____22. Acts as a translator; matches anti-codon to codon to make proteins
_____23. Carries information from the nucleus to the ribosome
Multiple Choice – Identify the choice that best answers the question.
_____24. A nucleotide consists of these three subunits:
a. Nitrogen base, sugar, protein
b. Phosphate group, nitrogen base, sugar
c. Protein, nitrogen base, adenine
d. Sugar, adenine, phosphate group
_____25. A molecule of DNA may resemble a twisted ladder. If this analogy is used, then the sides
of the ladder are formed by:
a. Alternating sugar and nitrogen bases
b. Alternating sugar and phosphate groups
c. Matching pairs of nitrogen bases
d. Wood and plastic
_____26. A molecule of DNA may resemble a twisted ladder. If this analogy is used, then the
rungs of the ladder are formed by:
a. Alternating sugar and nitrogen bases
b. Alternating sugar and phosphate groups
c. Matching pairs of nitrogen bases
d. Metal and glass
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_____27. DNA replication takes place during _____ of the cell cycle.
a. anaphase
c. metaphase
b. telophase
d. interphase
_____28. What are the correct steps of DNA replication, in order?
a. DNA separates into two single strands; Loose nucleotides join up with the single
strands; DNA winds up; DNA unwinds.
b. DNA unwinds; DNA separates into two single strands; Loose nucleotides join up with
the single strands; DNA winds up.
c. DNA winds up; Loose nucleotides join up with the single strands; DNA unwinds; DNA
separates into two single strands.
d. Loose nucleotides join up with the single strands; DNA unwinds; DNA separates into
two single strands; DNA winds up.
_____29. DNA replication takes place in the _____of the cell.
a. lysosomes
c. nucleus
b. vacuoles
d. ribosomes
_____30. Proteins are made in the _____ of the cell.
a. chloroplasts
b. mitochondria
c. nucleus
d. ribosomes
_____31. What type of humans share the same DNA?
a. fraternal twins
b. identical twins
c. mother and daughter
d. no two humans share the same DNA
_____32. Which of the following would be least likely to happen as a result of a mutation in a
person's skin cells?
a. skin cancer
b. reduced functioning of the skin cell
c. no change in functioning of the skin cell
d. the person's offspring have mutated skin
____ 33. A DNA nucleotide may be made up of a phosphate group, along with _____.
a. deoxyribose sugar and uracil
c. deoxyribose sugar and thymine
b. ribose sugar and adenine
d. ribose sugar and cytosine
____ 34. Which series is arranged in order from largest to smallest in size?
a. chromosome, nucleus, cell, DNA, nucleotide
b. cell, nucleus, chromosome, DNA, nucleotide
c. nucleotide, chromosome, cell, DNA, nucleus
d. cell, nucleotide, nucleus, DNA, chromosome
____ 35. Which nucleic acid carries the codon?
a. DNA
b. mRNA
c. tRNA
d. rRNA
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Figure 11-1
Figure 11-1
____ 36. In which part of the cell does this process shown in Figure 11-1 take place?
a. in the nucleus
c. at the ribosomes
b. in food vacuoles
d. on the chromosome
____ 37. Which of the structures in Figure 11-1 are composed of RNA?
a. II and IV
c. I and V
b. III and IV
d. III and V
____ 38. Structure III in Figure 11-1 represents a(n) _____.
a. gene
c. codon
b. amino acid
d. DNA molecule
____ 39. The process illustrated in Figure 11-1 is called _____.
a. translation
c. monoploidy
b. replication
d. transcription
40 – 42. In Figure 11-2, use the letter A to label the phosphate group. Use a B to label
sugar molecule. Use a C to label the nitrogen base.
Figure 11-2
____ 40.
____ 41.
____ 42.
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____ 43. In which of the following ways does genetic information typically flow in an organism?
a. RNA
proteins
DNA
c. DNA
RNA
proteins
b. proteins
RNA
DNA
d. DNA
proteins
RNA
____ 44. The type of RNA that carries information from DNA to the ribosome of a cell is known as
a. DNA
c. tRNA
b. mRNA
d. rRNA
____ 45. During the process shown above, the two strands of one DNA molecule are unwound.
Then, DNA polymerases add complementary nucleotides to each strand which results in
the formation of two identical DNA molecules. This process is known as DNA _______.
a. transcription
c. translation
b. cloning
d. replication
____ 46. Where is the messenger RNA made in a cell?
a. nucleus
b. mitochondria
c. endoplasmic reticulum
d. golgi body
____ 47. Where do proteins go for processing and packaging once they leave the ribosome?
a. nucleus
b. mitochondria
c. endoplasmic reticulum
d. golgi body
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____ 48. Identify the amino acid coded for by this DNA: TAG
a. stop
b. met
c. ile
d. tyr
____ 49. Identify the amino acid chain coded for by this strand of mRNA: AUG CUU GGG UGA
a. met – leu – gly – stop
b. met – thr – ser – trp
c. gly – cys – phe – stop
d. met – leu – ala – cys
____ 50. Identify the amino acid chain coded for by this strand of mRNA: AUG CCC GGG UAA
a. pro – met – gly – lys
b. met – leu – gly – gln
c. phe – val – arg – stop
d. met – pro – gly – stop