Download Name Date Period "Mendel`s Laws of Heredity" Reading Guide

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Date
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"Mendel's Laws of Heredity" Reading Guide
Section 8.1 starting on pg 162
1. Differentiate between heredity and genetics.
2. Why did Mendel choose pea plants for his experiments?
3. Male sex cells (pollen) in plants are produced in the
female sex cells in plants are produced in the
.
while
4. Briefly explain what is meant by self-pollination and how might Mendel
prevented self-pollination.
5. Briefly explain what is meant by cross-pollination and how Mendel controlled
it.
6. Describe what is meant by a monohybrid cross. What type of plant must the
P generation always be?
7. What is meant by the F1 Generation? F2 Generation?
8. What color did the offspring turn out to be when Mendel crossed truebreeding purple flower pea plants and true-breeding white flower pea plants?
Describe the colors of the resulting plants when Mendel crossed two plants from
the second (F1) generation.
9. Mendel performed similar monohybrid crosses with a total of seven different
traits -- describe the interesting pattern he observed in terms of the traits
displayed in the resulting F1 and F2 generations.
10. Explain what is meant by the commonly accepted (although incorrect) notion
of “blending hypothesis” of inheritance.
11. Provide the term for alternate forms of the same gene.
12. Describe what is meant by dominant and what is meant by recessive.
13. If an organism possesses a dominant allele for a trait and a recessive allele for
a trait, which trait will be expressed?
14. Differentiate between homozygous and heterozygous.
15. Will the phenotype of a heterozygous individual for a particular trait display
the dominant or recessive form?
16. Differentiate between the terms phenotype and genotype.
17. State Mendel's Law of Segregation.
18. What is the Law of Independent Assortment?
19. In a monohybrid cross, if each of the parents has a genotype Tt, what
percentage of the gametes will contain the T allele?
What
percentage of the gametes will contain the t alleles?
20. If you were to design a punnet square for the monohybrid cross, how many
boxes wide and tall would it be?
21. Complete the diagram below and perform the rest of the punnet squares.
P1 Generation:
WW x ww
Female
W
Male
W
w
w
F1 Generation:
Female
Male
22. What is meant by a dihybrid cross? (see box pg 171)
Fundamentals of Genetics
Using Punnet Squares
Organisms pass on traits to their offspring. For each trait, offspring
usually inherit a pair of alleles, one from each parent. A dominant allele
normally prevents a recessive allele from being expressed.
Study the genetics problems below. Complete the Punnet Square for each by
first writing the parental genotypes in the correct place. Determine the possible
genotypes of the offspring. Then describe the genotypes and phenotypes in each
case.
1. Silkworms:
dominant gene: yellow cocoon (C)
recessive gene: white cocoon (c)
parents: CC x cc
A. Genotypes:
B. Phenotypes:
Female
Male
2. Mice:
dominant gene: black eyes (E)
recessive gene: red eyes (e)
parents: Ee x Ee
A. Genotypes:
B. Phenotypes:
3. In race horses, black hair (F) and a trotting gait (G) are dominant traits.
Recessive traits are chestnut hair (f) and a pacing gait (g). The genes for hair
color and gait are on different chromosomes. Use the Punnet Square below to
determine the possible offspring from a cross between two heterozygous black
trotters (FfGg). Then answer the following question.
Female
Male
A. Genotypes:
B. Phenotypes: