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+ BUFF Time CHAMPS 1. No talking during announcements/silent reading 2. Raise hand if you need help/question 3. Follow directives and participate 4. Stay in your assigned seats 5. Actively engage + Haltom Fight Song Haltom fight, Haltom fight And it's goodbye to... Haltom fight, Haltom fight Let's put over one more win! Haltom fight, Haltom fight! For it's Haltom that we love best. Hail, Hail, the gangs all here And it's goodbye to all the rest! Yea Orange! Yea Black! Yea Buffs! Fight! Fight! Fight! Go Orange! Go Black! Go Buffs! Fight! Fight! Fight! H-A-L-T-O-M, Haltom High Buffalos! + Get PREPed!! DO RIGHT NOW: Materials: Find your group’s poster and get ready to present. Interactive Notebook Pen Ruler Scissors I will start as soon as the bell rings!!! + Democritus 460-370 B.C. Greek Philosopher He called nature’s basic particle an atomos, based on the Greek word “indivisible.” Had no evidence so people didn’t take him seriously. He considers education to be the noblest of pursuits, but cautioned that learning without sense leads to error. (THERE MUST BE A POINT!!!) Aristotle said empty space did not exist & rejected Democritus; said matter was EARTH, WATER, AIR & FIRE + John Dalton 1803 Dalton’s Atomic Theory 1. All elements are composed of tiny indivisible particles called atoms. Element A 2. Atoms of the same element are identical. The atoms of any one element are different from those of any other elements. + Dalton’s Atomic Theory 3. Atoms of different elements can physically mix together or can chemically combine with one another in simple wholenumber ratios to form compounds. + Dalton’s Atomic Theory 4. Chemical reactions occur when atoms are separated, joined, or rearranged. Atoms of one element, however, are never changed into atoms of another element as a result of a chemical reaction. + Stop and think: What was the key difference between what Democritus said and Dalton’s Atomic Theory? Record this discussion on your time line. + J.J. Thomson 1897 (with Crookes & Millikan) discovery of the electron (e-) disproved Dalton’s theory; atoms DID have smaller parts after all Used a cathode ray tube to prove that there were charged particles (stream of (-) particles) within the atom + Thomson Model Plum pudding model aka chocolate chip cookie model Millikan found out that electrons were negatively charged and had a mass of 1/1840 of a hydrogen atom + Stop and think: Let’s watch this video on the cathode ray tube experimenttake notes!! You need to understand how this experiment worked! How does it work? What part of Dalton’s atomic theory was disproved by JJ Thomson? How do you know it was disproved? + Do right now: Get your materials ready for class. Materials: Write down the HW in your planner. Interactive Notebook On your index card, describe the difference between Dalton’s model of the atom and Thomson’s model of the atom. You may use your notes Planner Pen Glue Stick HW: Complete the Scientist magic square. + Ernest Rutherford 1911 Used alpha particles to shoot at gold foil. Got unexpected results. Something was deflecting particles back to the source. Hmmm…. Buried next to Sir Issac Newton and Lord Kelvin in Westminster Abbey. (way cool!) + Empty Space Nucleus Electrons Rutherford said, + “Atoms have a nucleus!” Dense & positively charged Contains most of the mass of the atom Contains the protons (positive charge; heavy Electrons are around the outside of the nucleus flying around the empty space + Stop and think: Let’s look at his experiment: What did he do? Let’s model his experiment. What was the key difference between Rutherford’s model and Thomson’s? How did this change the perception of the atom? + James Chadwick Discovered Has the neutron in 1932 a neutral charge Found in the nucleus About ½ of the mass of the nucleus Wanted to know where the extra mass was coming from in an atom; shot particles @ beryllium Eventually led to experiments to bombard atoms with neutrons –> uranium bombs! + Niels Bohr - 1913 Created the Bohr model Electrons travel in definite orbits/ energy levels around the nucleus aka “Planetary Model” – orbit the nucleus like planets around the sun Electrons have fixed amounts of energy “quanta” Low energy closer to nucleus High energy further from nucleus + Bohr Model + Werner Heisenberg, 1927 It’s impossible to know both the location and the motion of an electron at the same time Heisenberg Uncertainty Principle + Quantum Mechanical Model (aka wave mechanical model) Erwin Schrodinger – 1926 Electrons Electrons DO NOT orbit the nucleus DO have quanta of energy that determine placement in an atom + Electron Cloud Area where there is a high probability that the electron will reside there 90% of the time + Schrodinger’s Cat + + + Do right now: Mark on your scantron the questions you got wrong: 1) 2) 3) 4) 5) 6) 7) 8) Materials: Your test Homework (magic square) Your scantron 2 pieces of notebook paper Planner Calculator 9) A 20) D 10) A 21) B 11) C 12) B 13) A Pen 14) D Marker 15) B 16) 56.7 17) 8.31 18) B 19) A D A C D C B B B Homework tracker Interactive Notebook For each question you missed: 1. Write the original answer and explain why this is wrong. 2. Write the correct answer and explain why this is correct (for math problems this means SHOW YOUR WORK) 3. You may use a book, your notes, you may ask me for help, but you may not discuss with one another + HW: Watch the video: Atomic Structure and take Cornell notes + 1. 2. Materials: DO RIGHT NOW: 1. Interactive Notebook Put everything at back of room if it is not on the materials list. 2. Homework Tracker 3. Planner 4. Colored pencils: red, blue, green Write your homework in your planner. 3. Glue: A. Atomic Structure worksheet (back of magic square)- pg 46 4. Set up pg 42 with the title: Atom Basics HW: Complete the bottom of pg 46: Atomic Structure Worksheet + + Atom Boards EQ: Can I build a model to accurately represent various atoms? Protons Electrons Neutrons + DO RIGHT NOW: + Write down the HW in your planner Make pg 49 look like this: Protons Neutrons Electrons A 17 18 17 B 17 20 17 C 3 3 3 D 3 4 3 E 15 15 15 F 15 16 15 G 1 0 1 H 1 2 1 I 8 7 8 J 8 9 8 K 12 12 12 L 12 14 12 Materials: 1. Interactive Notebook 2. Pen Atomic Numbers 3. Planner 4. Homework Tracker Mass Nuclear Number Notation Hyphen Notation + Isotope Notes: pg 53 Isotope Notes + Gallery Walk Questions pg 48: 1. What is an isotope? 2. What is the same in an isotope? 3. What is different in an isotope? 4. How do you determine the mass number? 5. What are the two ways we designate isotopes? 6. According to Dalton’s theory, atoms of the same element are identical. Explain how your work today disproves this idea. Your explanation must include the following words (protons, neutrons, atom, atomic mass, element, atomic number) + Materials: DO RIGHT NOW: 1. Glue in: 1. Isotopes Worksheet-51 2. Isotopes(bonus)-pg 50 2. You have a HW quiz today! It is over scientists, atomic structure, and isotopes. Please take an extra 3 minutes to study!! 1. Interactive Notebook 2. Pen 3. Calculator 4. Homework tracker 5. Homework (and bonus) + + + + What element do you have? How many total cards do you have? How many cards are in this group? How many cards are in this group? How many protons does this atom have? How many protons does this atom have? How many electrons does this atom have? How many electrons does this atom have? How many neutrons does this atom have? How many neutrons does this atom have? What is the atomic mass of this atom? What is the atomic mass of this atom? Calculations: 1. # of cards in group/total # of cards 2. Multiply this by the atomic mass Calculations: 1. # of cards in group/total # of cards 2. Multiply this by the atomic mass Which of the two isotopes is more abundant? How do you know? Add the values from both sets together and calculate the average atomic mass: _______________________ + For each baggie: Protons-black dots Neutrons-white dots Electrons-grey dots 1. Count and record the total number of cards from the baggie. 2. Count the protons on one card to determine the element. 3. Count the neutrons on each card and sort into 2 piles based on the number of neutrons. 4. Fill in the chart for each isotope + Materials: DO RIGHT NOW: Write your homework in your planner: Finish average atomic mass worksheet. Get out your average atomic mass worksheet from Friday. Get out the cards and re-separate them into the two piles of isotopes. Today I will be stamping your prep-make sure you have ALL your materials and everything else is put away at the back of the room by the time the tardy bell rings! 1. Worksheet from Friday 2. Interactive Notebook 3. Planner 4. Pen 5. Calculator 6. Homework Tracker + Example: Calculate the average atomic mass for Lithium if 7.5% of Li atoms have a mass of 6.0151 amu and 92.5% of Li atoms have a mass of 7.0160 amu. + Example: Calculate the average atomic mass for Gallium if Ga-69 is 60.11 % abundant and Ga-71 is 39.89 % abundant. + Materials: DO RIGHT NOW: Write down HW in Planner: finish mole calculations worksheet. Cut out a pink periodic table, put your name on it with sharpie, and hole punch it. THIS IS TO BE KEPT IN YOUR BUFF BINDER FOREVER! Glue: -Average Atomic Mass (the activity)-pg 55 -Average Atomic Mass Worksheet (HW)-pg 54 1. Interactive Notebook 2. Pen 3. Calculator 4. Planner 5. Pink Periodic Table 6. Homework 7. Homework Tracker + + On pg 57: Calculations with the Mole Helpful equalities with the mole: 1 mole = 6.022 x 1023 atoms/molecules/formula units 1 mole = average atomic mass (g) for an element Except the HOFBrINCls-these form diatomic molecules (H2, O2, N2, Cl2 etc) so you multiply the average atomic mass by two. 1 mole = 22.4 liters of gas. https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=TEl4jeETVmg + How many atoms of carbon in 2.6 grams of carbon? + How many moles on 36.2 g of chlorine (Cl2)? + How many liters of gas are produced from 5.0 moles of helium? + How many grams in 4.3 x 1023 atoms of boron? + DO RIGHT NOW: Glue: Mole Calculations Worksheet-page 56 Review Worksheet-pg 59 I’m coming around to stamp homework and gluing! Materials: 1. Interactive notebook 2. Calculator 3. Pen 4. Planner 5. Pink periodic table + Unit 3 test and notebook check tomorrow! Notebook reminders: Word wall-pick any 6 vocabulary word-word, definition, picture Cornell notes-3 questions and a summary that answers the essential question Pages complete and glued in (do not fold) +