Download Scope and Sequence for Classifying Matter

Scope and Sequence for Classifying Matter
Science
Technology
-search for knowledge
-“understanding”
-how we use the knowledge – application
-“using”
Matter
-has mass and takes up space
-made up of atoms
-name something you can see that isn’t made of matter – a shadow
-If it isn’t matter then it is energy – chemistry concentrates more on matter and physics
concentrates more on energy. We will do some of both but more chemistry.
Atom
-smallest particle of an element that has the properties of the element
States of Matter
-fill in chart from overhead – solid, liquid, gas
-use Petri dishes with BBs to illustrate packing and mobility
Plasma
-ionized gas
-electrons stripped from nucleus
-occurs at very high temperatures
-mixture of neutral atoms, free electrons, and charged ions
-examples: sun, star, lightning through atmosphere
States of Matter
State
Volume
Shape
Packing of particles
Solid
Liquid
Gas
Definite
Definite
Indefinite
Definite
Indefinite
Indefinite
Tight
Loose
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Particle mobility
Least
Most
Boiling/
evaporation
melting
Solid
Liquid
Gas
freezing
condensation
increasing energy
Question for students: Where would plasma fit in the diagram?
Types of Matter
-Start w/ the Flinn “Nuts, Bolts, and Washers” Activity
(See instructions and notes on Flinn Fax)
-Notes:
Element
-one kind of atom
Compound
-2 or more elements
chemically combined
Mixture
2 or more substances
physically combined
-properties different from
elements making it up
-components can
retain some of their
properties
-over 100
-elements combine in
definite ratios
-mixed in any ratio
-represented by symbols
-represented by formulas
-no formula
-examples:
Sulfur – S
Gold – Au
Zinc – Zn
-examples:
water – H2O
salt – NaCl
carbon dioxide – CO2
-examples:
salt water
bronze
kool-aid
-basic building blocks
-on periodic table
-make up everything
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fruit jello
brass
Types of Elements
Metals
Nonmetals
Metalloids (semimetals)
-left side
-right side
-on border between metals
and nonmetals (stairstep line)
-most numerous
-fewest # of elements
-solids
-all 3 states
-solids
-lustrous
-not lustrous (dull)
-intermediate properties
-conductors
-tend not to be conductors
-workable
-brittle
Ask students to provide examples of each
Demo – Cu, Al, graphite, sulfur, silicon
conductivity (use meter), luster, workability/brittleness
Types of Structure
Put BB board on overhead. Ask for a student volunteer to go to the board and circle 2 regions that
have different types of structure. Discuss their differences.
Crystalline
-orderly arrangement of particles
-repeating pattern
-predictable
Amorphous
-random arrangement of particles
-no repeating pattern
-not predictable
Use overhead to show a diagram of each. Have them copy it into their journal.
Use a heat gun and HDPE jug to illustrate the differences between amorphous and crystalline
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