Download 11/16/2016- Matter Notes

MATTER
What determines states of matter?
• Shape, mass, and volume
SHAPE is the external (outside)
form of something
MASS is the amount of matter
in an object
VOLUME is how much space an
object occupies
4 STATES OF MATTER
• Solid
• Liquid
• Gas
• Plasma
Based upon particle arrangement (shape)
Based upon energy of particles (mass)
Based upon distance between particle (volume)
STATES OF MATTER
SOLIDS
•are tightly packed
•vibrating in the same
position.
•definite shape and a
definite volume.
•Keeps own shape
STATES OF MATTER
LIQUID
 tightly packed
particles
 are far enough apart to
move
 indefinite shape and a
definite volume.
 Takes shape of
container
STATES OF MATTER
GAS
 Particles are very far
apart
 move freely.
 have an indefinite shape
and an indefinite volume.
 Takes shape of container
STATES OF MATTER
PLASMA
 is an ionized (charged)
gas.
 A plasma is a very good
conductor of electricity
 is affected by magnetic
fields.
 indefinite shape and an
indefinite volume.
Phase Changes
Vaporization- liquid to gas
Heat in
Melting- solid to liquid
Heat in
Freezing- liquid to solid
Heat leaves
Sublimation- Solid to gas
Heat in
Condensation- Gas to liquid
Heat leaves
Composition of Matter
Matter is either a pure substance or a mixture of substances
Substance
-matter with a fixed composition
Heterogeneous Mixture
-where different materials remain distinct in a
mixture
EX. Like a salad, each part is itself but as a whole it is a salad
Homogeneous Mixture
- a mixture that remains constantly mixed
EX. Rain water cannot tell substances apart
Properties of Matter
Physical Properties
-Any characteristic of a material you can observe that does not change the
identity of the substance
Physical Change
-change in size, shape, or state in which its identity does NOT change
EX. Ripping a piece of paper (just changes shape not chemical make up)
Chemical Properties
-Any characteristic of a material you can observe that that produces one or
more new substances
Chemical Change- a change from one substance to another
EX. Burning of wood (changes from wood fiber to ash)