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Transcript
MATTER What determines states of matter? • Shape, mass, and volume SHAPE is the external (outside) form of something MASS is the amount of matter in an object VOLUME is how much space an object occupies 4 STATES OF MATTER • Solid • Liquid • Gas • Plasma Based upon particle arrangement (shape) Based upon energy of particles (mass) Based upon distance between particle (volume) STATES OF MATTER SOLIDS •are tightly packed •vibrating in the same position. •definite shape and a definite volume. •Keeps own shape STATES OF MATTER LIQUID tightly packed particles are far enough apart to move indefinite shape and a definite volume. Takes shape of container STATES OF MATTER GAS Particles are very far apart move freely. have an indefinite shape and an indefinite volume. Takes shape of container STATES OF MATTER PLASMA is an ionized (charged) gas. A plasma is a very good conductor of electricity is affected by magnetic fields. indefinite shape and an indefinite volume. Phase Changes Vaporization- liquid to gas Heat in Melting- solid to liquid Heat in Freezing- liquid to solid Heat leaves Sublimation- Solid to gas Heat in Condensation- Gas to liquid Heat leaves Composition of Matter Matter is either a pure substance or a mixture of substances Substance -matter with a fixed composition Heterogeneous Mixture -where different materials remain distinct in a mixture EX. Like a salad, each part is itself but as a whole it is a salad Homogeneous Mixture - a mixture that remains constantly mixed EX. Rain water cannot tell substances apart Properties of Matter Physical Properties -Any characteristic of a material you can observe that does not change the identity of the substance Physical Change -change in size, shape, or state in which its identity does NOT change EX. Ripping a piece of paper (just changes shape not chemical make up) Chemical Properties -Any characteristic of a material you can observe that that produces one or more new substances Chemical Change- a change from one substance to another EX. Burning of wood (changes from wood fiber to ash)