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Transcript
Renaissance The “Rebirth” of Europe Chapter 17 Ms. Garvin World History The Black Death Italy: Birthplace of the Renaissance YAY! Everyone living in Europe survived the Bubonic plague and boy are they happy! Renaissance: revival of art and learning. Explosion of creativity in art, writing and thought. Take classic Greece and Rome as models and innovate Importance of the individual. Statue of Neptune on top of Trevi Fountain in Rome Italy: Birthplace of the Renaissance h” t r i e b e m R o “ R r e fo ilan, c ily M a l m , e a P F c t i n dic rfec s: Flore e e P M ; itie ly = ass l a C c t I g t ivin me han r c o h r R T e y m itage of h t l a e r W ssical he a Cl Rome, Italy Florence, Italy Merchant class= wealthy from business and individual achievement. Medici family run Medici bank. The Medici Family Branches throughout Italy and Europe Cosimo de Medici= wealthiest European at the time 30 years he acts as a dictator of Florence, controlling the city through loans and money. Cosimo de Medici This painting was done for Medici family and shows the three Medici brothers as the Three Wise Men. Humanism Humanism= intellectual movement focusing on human potential and achievements; emphasized the dignity of humanity. Collection of Greek and Roman teachings undertaken by scholars, writers, and civic leaders. Sought to create a peasantry that could speak and write in a knowledgeable way so as to engage actively in civic life. Sometimes viewed as atheists but often times simply more secular. Modern humanists follow a more atheist mentality. Humanities in universities are based off of the subjects considered important by humanists; history, English, philosophy, anthropology, law, linguistics, politics. Modern Humanist Symbol Humanist beliefs stress the potential value and goodness of human beings, emphasize common human needs, and seek solely rational ways of solving human problems. Classical and Worldly Values Humanists emphasized new values. You can enjoy life without offending God. Worldly over spiritual= more secular Patrons supported artists Renaissance men: men should be educated, artists, excelling in varying fields- “universal man” Renaissance women: educated but do not express opinions, possess charm, inspire art but not create it. Renaissance Art Portrayed religious subjects realistically Perspective: 3 dimensions of a flat surface Show personality of subjects More vivid colors Lighting Themes: Religious subjects, mythology, fresco cycles, individuals on importance or devoted to. Filippo Brunelleschi Duomo de Firenze : Florence Cathedral Leonardo da Vinci The Last Supper Michelangelo The Last Judgment: Sistine Chapel, Vatican City Donatello David Italian Renaissance Art Raphael: School of Athens Italian Renaissance Art Botticelli: Venus and Mars Baroque architecture came to life during the Renaissance. Trevi Fountain in Rome Scientific study was a large part of the Renaissance period and Humanist ideals. Renaissance Literature Writers began writing in their vernacular language. Before everyone wrote in Latin. Dante Alighieri: First author to write in his native language- Italian. Divine Comedy More self-expression- emphasized the individuality of subjects Machiavelli: The Prince : a guide for how to gain power and keep it. Michelino- La commedia illumina Firenze: Florence Cathedral The Flanders- Center of Northern Renaissance Flanders (Modern day Netherlands/France/Belgium) is wealthy from cloth industry and trade. Northern Renaissance well supported from wealthy merchants and monarchs. Emphasized social reform. Pieter Bruegel the Elder : The Peasant Wedding: 1566 German Painters: Albrecht Durer Subjects: religious, classical myths, realistic landscapes. Flemish Painters: Jan van Eyck Oil based and used layering to create a variety of colors. Realistic showing personality in subjects. Pieter Bruegel the Elder: Realistic details of the individual. Often painted everyday life. Northern Renaissance Art Albrecht Durer St. Christopher Woodcut Young Hare How does the art from the Northern Renaissance differ from Italian Renaissance? Northern Renaissance Writers Northern Humanists: Promoted the education of women Christine de Pizan- The Book of the City Ladies In Renaissance society word “lady”= of noble birth; in Pizan’s work “lady”= noble spirit Wanted to reform society Thomas More- Utopia Story of a perfect society. Void of greed, war, inequality. Illustration from The Book of the City Ladies How does Pizan question the role of women during the Renaissance period? The Elizabethan Age s e h c a e r e sanc s i a n e 0s. R 0 5 1 d i M te! a l d n a l g En ll e W : h t e b Eliza n e e u the Q f o h c r a on m d e t a c u ed period. peare s e k a h S ge a u William g n a l h glis n E f o r e t al and e p p Mas a o t how and knew h his t i w s n a hum enter tain writings. laws f e h t n o focus l l a s y a l P of man. Globe Theater: Home of Shakespeare’s Plays How did people make books before the mid-1400s???? OMG!!!!! WORST JOB EVER!! The Printing PRESS!!!! This was the iPhone of its time!! Chinese actually first develop the start of the printing press. 1440- Johan Gutenberg- Mainz, Germany- developed the printing press. Gutenberg Bible- complete version of the bible. Due to the printing press: Books are cheap! Books can be made quickly! Religions books are printed then travel guides then medical manuals. How does the printing press help the humanist philosophy? Legacy of the Renaissance Arts= Individual Achievement Secular art/society More information available Increased desire to learn More people understand their legal rights Changes how people believe they needed to live People begin to question politics and religion. Out of the effects of the Renaissance listed previously, which are the two most important on society, in your opinion? Explain why.