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Download The Master Gland/Pituitary Endocrine glands and hormones
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Transcript
The Master Gland/Pituitary http://video.google.com/videoplay?docid=5967601337386159265&q=endocrine+system&total =93&start=0&num=10&so=0&type=search&plindex =1 Endocrine glands and hormones Hormones are carried through The endocrine system is composed of a series of ductless glands the blood It communicates through the use of hormones Negative feedback system** http://video.google.com/videoplay?docid=61721 05265971673087&q=Pituitary+gland&total=68 &start=0&num=10&so=0&type=search&plindex= 1 Pituitary Gland** Growth Hormone (GH) Too much GH enlarged hands & feet** **Acromegaly: (↑ GH) irreversible **enlarged hands & feet, ↑ Hair growth** painful joints muscle weakness, **Risk of falls Pituitary Gland Growth Hormone (GH) Too much Growth Hormone Acromegaly: (↑ GH) irreversible enlarged cranium and jaw, bulging forehead, thick lips, big tongue enlarged cranium and jaw, Pituitary Gland Growth Hormone (GH) Too much Growth Hormone Gigantism (↑ GH) ↑ long bone length ↑ height, weakness Pituitary Gland Growth Hormone (GH) 7feet 7.5 inches/size 26 shoe 7 feet 8 inches Pituitary gland tumor Pituitary Gland Growth Hormone (GH) TOO little growth Hormone Abnormally short height Normal body proportion Appear younger than age Dental problems due to underdeveloped jaws Delayed sexual development dwarfism Pituitary Gland Growth Hormone (GH) TOO little growth Hormone dwarfism Abnormally short height Normal body proportion May produce normal children Pituitary Gland / Oxytocin Oxytocin: Releases milk and stimulates contractions in labor Pituitary Hormone ADH** Antidiuretic Hormone: ADH** a diuretic helps to release water/urine from the kidneys An anti diuretic slows down that release of water/urine ADH Causes kidneys to conserve water/urine Pituitary Gland Antidiuretic Hormone (ADH) Too much ADH = SIADH Syndrome Of Inappropriate Secretion Of Antidiuretic Hormone: SIADH too much ADH kidneys reabsorbs water yet urine output ↓ fluid overload causing hyponatremia (sodium levels ↓, )** water intoxication, without edema weakness, cramps ↓ appetite, nausea, headache, diarrhea, weight gain, seizures Pituitary Gland Antidiuretic Hormone (ADH)** ↓ ADH = Diabetes Insipidus** Symptoms can look like psychosis Causes urine to be diluted Urine won’t concentrate May cause dehydration ↑ sodium levels Diabetes Insipidus Like a sieve Urine won’t concentrate Polyuria ** polydipsia** Excessive urination Excessive thirst Dry skin; poor skin turgor** (normal elasticity in skin) Thyroid gland abnormalities Thyroid gland Hormones Thyroid Stimulating Hormones (TSH)** TSH** Action of hormones Thiroxine** (T4) Triiodothyronine Calcitonin causes ↓ in calcium in blood Metabolism Nervous system activity Growth and Development Hyperthyroidism k TSH GRAVES DISEASE** ↑ Thyroid Stimulating Hormones ↑ metabolic processes edema in neck bulging eyeballs, dysphasia Exophthalmia Thyroid Stimulating Hormones Hyperthyroidism Graves Disease ** ↑ appetite, ↑ activity level, nervous, jittery, ↑ pulse and temp, insomnia Treatment for Hyperthyroidism Soft food due to dysphagia Tyroidectomy is dangerous Thyroid storm (after surgery) can lead to death** (rare) It can cause death due to Congestive Heart Failure** Radioactive iodine common treatment Hypothyroidism Role Play Time Thyroid Stimulating Hormones Hypothyroidism = ↓TSH Hypothyroidism ↓ metabolism ↓ body temp ↓ memory/slow thinking ↓ B/P ↓respirations ↓ libido Hypothyroidism = ↓TSH Most Common disorder in US Treat with Levothryroxine** intolerance to cold Weight gain Depression Impaired memory Lethargic Anorexia Constipation Thyroid Stimulating Hormones Goiter: ↓ iodine causes Goiter due to poor diet ↓TSH which causes ↑ in thyroid gland size Goiter: Parathyroid glands ( 4 glands) Hyperparathyroidism Hypoparathyroidism Hypercalcemia: excess of calcium in the blood causing tetany (spasms) stridor, harsh vibrating sound heard during Calcium leaves bones and goes into blood. Causes bone pain, muscle weakness, fractures kidney stones respiration heart impairment cyanosis numbness in skin, anxiety depression, ↑ phosphorus Chvostek’s and Trousseau’s signs showing not enough calcium in blood** Parkinson-like syndrome AArenal Gland Adrenal Glands hormones 1.Sex hormones Androgens (male) Estrogens (female) 2.Mineralocorticiod Regulate sodium and potassium 3.Glucocorticoid ** Helps body respond to stress Maintains glucose regulation 4. Epinephrine(adrenaline) 5. Norepinephrine Adrenal hyperfunction (Cushing’s syndrome)** Overstimulation of pituitary gland Excessive corticosteroids and glucocorticoids Liver releases Glucose Diet low in Sodium* Cushing’s Disease http://video.google.com/videoplay?docid=89913 6968133664999&q=CUSHINGS+DISEASE&total= 29&start=0&num=10&so=0&type=search&plinde x=4 Cushing's Disease** adrenal Buffalo Hump Susceptible to infections Depression Loss of libido Moonface * Buffalo hump* Weight gain* Addison's Disease Adrenal hypo functon Extreme weakness Darkly pigmented skin and mucous membranes Loss of appetite/ Weight loss Hypoglycemia: abnormal decrease of sugar in the blood Hyponatremia Hyperkalemia abnormally high concentration of potassium in the blood Adrenal President Kennedy had Addison’s
