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1. One long-term effect of the Crusades was the
A)
B)
C)
D)
development of Pax Mongolia
fall of the Ming dynasty
control of Jerusalem by Europeans
growth of trade and towns in western
Europe
Base your answers to questions 2 and 3 on the
speakers’ statements below and on your
knowledge of social studies.
Speaker A: We must fight to keep control of
Jerusalem in the hands of those who believe in
Allah.
Speaker B: Come and battle while there is still
time to protect the Holy Land where Christ
walked.
Speaker C: We must go forth to heal the split
between the churches.
Speaker D: An investment in ships and knights
will yield control of profitable trade routes.
2. Which speaker is expressing an economic motive
for the Crusades?
A) A
B) B
C) C
D) D
3. Which speaker expresses a Muslim perspective
during the Crusades?
A) A
B) B
C) C
D) D
4. Which heading best completes the partial outline
below?
A) Goals of the Hanseatic League
B) Reasons for Europeans to Fight the
Crusades
C) Results of the Reconquista
D) Aims of Charlemagne
5. Base your answer to this question on the passage
below and on your knowledge of social studies.
The basic idea of this book is simple: to tell the
story of the Crusades as they were seen, lived,
and recorded on 'the other side'–in other words, in
the Arab camp. Its content is based almost
exclusively on the testimony of contemporary
Arab historians and chroniclers....
-Amin Maalouf, The Crusades Through Arab
Eyes, Al Saqi Books
This passage indicates that the author's emphasis
is on
A)
B)
C)
D)
cause and effect
chronological order
reenactment
point of view
6. What was one direct result of the Crusades?
A) Trade increased between Europe and the
Middle East.
B) Islamic kingdoms expanded into Europe.
C) Arabs and Christians divided the city of
Jerusalem between them.
D) Alexander the Great became a powerful
leader in Eurasia.
7. Base your answer to the following question on Base your answer to the following question on
the statements below and on your knowledge of social studies.
. . . For many in the contemporary Arab world, the Crusades are viewed as having begun
nearly a millennium of conflict with what would become the West. The Crusades are seen
as representing the constant threat of Western encroachment [trespassing]. But many
scholars say that is a more recent and inaccurate view of the Crusades. . . .
— Mike Shuster, reporter,
NPR
The Medieval Crusades were taken and then turned into something that they never really
were in the first place. They were turned into a kind of a proto-imperialism, an attempt to
bring the fruits of European civilization to the Middle East, when, in fact, during the
Middle Ages the great sophisticated and wealthy power was the Muslim world. Europe was
the Third World. . . .
— Thomas Madden, St. Louis
University,
History of relations
between the
West and Middle East,
NPR,
All Things
Considered,
August 17,
2004
These statements indicate that the history of the Crusades
A)
B)
C)
D)
has been neglected by experts
was of little importance
is the subject of debate and interpretation
illustrates the importance of tolerance and understanding
8. What was one result of large armies traveling
great distances during the Crusades?
A)
B)
C)
D)
Europe’s population severely declined.
Democracy in the Middle East grew.
Cultural diffusion increased.
Slavery was eliminated.
9. Which circumstance best describes a long-term
result of the Crusades?
A) Muslim control of Jerusalem ended.
B) Feudalism began in western Europe.
C) Cultural exchanges between the Middle East
and Europe grew.
D) Christians and Muslims achieved a lasting
peace.
10. Revival of trade in western Europe, decline of
feudalism, revival of interest in learning, and
cultural interaction with the Middle East are
associated with the
A)
B)
C)
D)
impact of the Crusades
effects of the barter system
growth of the Maya Empire
rise of Charlemagne
11. Prior to the Protestant Reformation, the
medieval church in western Europe was
criticized for
A) sponsoring explorations to the Middle East
B) allowing the Bible to be printed and
distributed to the people
C) being too concerned with worldly power
and riches
D) refusing to sell indulgences to peasants
12.
13. Base your answer to the following question on
Which heading would be best for the partial
outline below?
I. _____________________________
A. Desire to be released from feudal obligations
B. Defense of the Holy Land
C. Forgiveness of sins
D. Desire for wealth from the Middle East
A) Reasons for the Reformation
B) European Motives for Fighting the
Crusades
C) Causes of the Fall of the Roman Empire
D) Reasons for the Split Between the Eastern
and Western Churches
14. One result of the Crusades was an increase in
trade between the Middle East and
A) East Asia
B) Africa
“. . . Christian warriors, He who gave His
C) North America D) Europe
life for you, today demands yours in return.
These are combats worthy of you, combats
15. Base your answer to the following question on
in which it is glorious to conquer and
the quotation below and on your knowledge of
advantageous to die. Illustrious knights,
social studies.
generous defenders of the Cross, remember
the examples of your fathers who conquered
“Come then, with all your people and give battle
Jerusalem, and whose names are inscribed in
with all your strength, so that all this treasure
Heaven; abandon then the things that perish,
shall not fall into the hands of the Turks. . . .
to gather unfading palms, and conquer a
Therefore act while there is still time lest the
Kingdom which has no end.”
kingdom of the Christians shall vanish from
— St. Bernard of Clairvaux
your sight. . . . And in your coming you will find
your reward in heaven. . . .”
This statement was most likely used to
— Emperor Alexius Comnenus,
encourage people to
quoted in The Dream and the Tomb
A) repel a Viking invasion
Which event is referred to in this quotation?
B) stop advancement of the Huns in Europe
A) Enlightenment
C) join the Crusades
B) French Revolution
D) force Russians to convert to Catholicism
C) Glorious Revolution
D) Crusades
16. A direct result of the Crusades was that
A) the pope lost control of the Church
B) Europeans increased their demands for
goods from the East
C) Christians gained permanent control of the
Holy Land
D) nobles gained power over the monarchs
17. Which situation is considered a cause of the
other three?
21. In Europe a long-term effect of the Crusades
was
A) development of a European middle class
B) increase in European demand for Eastern
goods
C) European renewal of interest in learning
D) European involvement in the Crusades
A) the strengthening of the feudal system
B) the adoption of Islamic religious practices
C) an increased demand for goods from the
East
D) increased European isolation
18. Which statement expresses a direct result of the
Crusades?
22. Which is the most valid generalization about the
Crusades?
A) The volume of trade decreased as the
manors became self-sufficient.
B) Christians gained permanent control of the
Holy Land.
C) The power of European nations declined
because of a lack of interest in world
affairs.
D) Contact with the Muslim and Byzantine
worlds brought new ideas to Western
Europe.
19. A major goal of the Christian Church during the
Crusades (1096 – 1291) was to
A)
B)
C)
D)
establish Christianity in western Europe
capture the Holy Land from Islamic rulers
unite warring Arab peoples
strengthen English dominance in the Arab
world
20. Base your answer to the following question on
The Crusades have been called "history's most
successful failures."
Which statement best explains this expression?
A) The Crusades did not achieve their original
goals, but they brought about many
desirable changes in Europe.
B) Although the Crusaders captured the Holy
Land, they were unable to bring about
democratic reforms.
C) The Crusades helped bring about the fall of
the Roman Empire.
D) The Crusaders prevented the Turks from
capturing Constantinople for many
centuries.
A) The Crusades strengthened the power of
the serfs in Europe.
B) The Crusades increased trade between
Europe and Asia.
C) The Crusades brought European influence
to Africa.
D) The Crusades supported the idea of
religious tolerance.
23. Which statement best describes the result of the
Crusades?
A) Europeans maintained a lasting control
over much of the Middle East.
B) Islamic influence dominated Europe.
C) Europeans developed a tolerance of
non-Christian religions.
D) Trade between Europe and the Middle East
was expanded.
24. What were two indirect results of the Crusades?
A) Trade and commerce increased and the
feudal system was strengthened.
B) Trade and commerce declined and the
feudal system was strengthened.
C) Trade and commerce increased and the
feudal system was weakened.
D) Trade and commerce declined and the
feudal system was weakened.
25. An important long-term result of the Crusades
in the Middle East was the
A) increased tension between Muslims and
Christians
B) destruction of Muslim military power
C) creation of a large Christian state on the
Red Sea
D) restoration of the Byzantine Empire
26. One way in which the Seljuk Turks, Mongols,
and Crusaders were similar is that they all
A) invaded the Middle East and affected its
culture
B) succeeded in bringing democracy to the
Middle East
C) moved through the Middle East as
nomadic groups
D) established permanent empires in the
Middle East
27. A major result of the Crusades was the
A) conversion of the majority of Europeans to
Protestantism
B) weakening of the power of the middle class
in Europe
C) growth of trade between Europe and Asia
D) development of feudalism in Europe
28. In Europe, the Crusades resulted in
A) a greater isolation of the region from the
world
B) an increased demand for goods from the
Middle East and Asia
C) the adoption of Islam as the official
religion of many European nations
D) the strengthening of the feudal system
29. One important effect of the Crusades on western
Europe was that they
A) led to a decline in the importance of the
church in western Europe
B) furthered cultural diffusion throughout
western Europe
C) introduced the Industrial Revolution to
western Europe
D) ended the western European quest for an
overseas empire
30. One major result of the Crusades was the
A) permanent occupation of the Holy Land by
the Europeans
B) long-term decrease in European trade
C) conversion of most Muslims to Christianity
D) spread of Middle Eastern culture and
technology to Europe
31. The Crusades indirectly contributed to the
discovery of the New World by
A) forcing the religious conversion of the
Muslim population
B) forcing the Turks to flee from
Constantinople
C) stimulating European demand for goods
from the East
D) increasing the power of the feudal lords