Download ENERGY SOURCES AND TYPES

ENERGY SOURCES AND TYPES
8TH GRADE PHYSICAL SCIENCE
Fossil Fuels
Renewable or
Nonrenewable?
Nonrenewable
Definition
Remains of
ancient
animals and
plants
preserved
underground
Characteristics/F
acts
Burning fossil
fuels produces
greenhouse
gases
Examples
1. Coal
(solid)
2. Oil
(liquid)
3. Natural
gas
Natural Gas
Renewable or
Nonrenewable?
Nonrenewable
Definition
Fossil fuel gas
(mostly
methane)
trapped
underground
in rocks
Characteristics/F
acts
Pipes sunk into
ground to
release gas
Examples
1. Used for
cooking
and
heating
2. Burn gas
for heat
Coal
Renewable or
Nonrenewable?
Nonrenewable
Definition
Solid Fossil
fuel mined
from rock
layers
Characteristics/F
acts
Form from dead
plants and
animals that
settle at the
bottom of
swamps millions
of years ago
Examples
Burn coal to
produce
steam to
make
electricit
y
Uranium
Renewable or
Nonrenewable?
Nonrenewable
Definition
Characteristics/F
acts
Uranium-235 is
Nuclear
used in nuclear
energy stored
power plants
in the
Atoms split
nucleus of an
during fission
atom
and give off heat
Examples
1. Three
Mile
Island
Biomass
Renewable or
Nonrenewable?
Renewable
Definition
Stored
chemical
energy in
organic
matter or
wastes
Characteristics/F
acts
-when burned
produces
thermal energy
-releases air
pollution
Examples
1. Wood
2. Used to
make
ethanol
Water
Renewable or
Nonrenewable?
Renewable
Definition
Characteristics/F
acts
Mechanical
energy of
Does not release
flowing water
air pollution or
turns turbine
carbon dioxide
to generate
electricity
Examples
1. Dams
2. Water
mills
Geothermal
Renewable or
Nonrenewable?
Renewable
Definition
Heat energy
from below
Earth’s
surface
Characteristics/F
acts
Used to heat
homes or
generate
electricity
Examples
1. Water
heater
2. Can
produce
steam to
make
electricit
y
Wind
Renewable or
Nonrenewable?
Renewable
Definition
Moving air
caused by
unequal
heating of
atmosphere
Characteristics/F
acts
Examples
-Change Kinetic
Energy into
electrical energy 1. Windmill
-only some areas
get enough wind
Solar
Renewable or
Nonrenewable
?
Renewable
Definition
Characteris
tics/Facts
Electromagnetic
energy that
Not
travels through practical in
space in
cloudy
electrical and
areas
magnetic waves
Examples
1. Solar
powered cars
2. Solar panels
on house
3. Calculators!
Kinetic
Definition
Characteristics/Facts
Examples
Energy of Motion
KE= ½ mv2
Velocity and mass
affect KE
1. Rolling ball
2. Rotating fan
3. Moving car
Potential
Definition
Characteristics/Facts
Examples
Stored Energy
2 main types:
1.Gravitational PE
2.Elastic PE
1. Airplane in the
sky
2. Rubber band
Mechanical
Definition
Characteristics/Facts
Examples
Amount of
Potential and
Kinetic Energy in
an object
TOTAL ME= constant
ME= KE + PE
1. Projectiles
2. Roller coasters
Thermal
Definition
Total potential and
kinetic energy of
particles
Characteristics/Facts
Examples
Kinetic energy
increases as particles
move FASTER
1. Boiling water
2. Lava
3. Ice cream
melting
Electrical
Definition
Characteristics/Facts
Examples
Energy of electric
charges
-Can flow or be stored
-Easily converted
1. Lightning
2. Electricity
Chemical
Definition
Characteristics/Facts
Examples
Energy stored in
chemical bonds
(potential energy)
Energy released when
bonds break
1. Food
2. Fuel
Nuclear
Definition
Characteristics/Facts
Examples
Energy stored in
the nucleus of an
atom (potential
energy)
Released during
nuclear reactions
1. Sun
2. Uranium
Electromagnetic
Definition
Energy of light or
radiation
Characteristics/Facts
Examples
Travels in waves
1. Light
2. Sound
3. Microwaves
Elastic Potential
Definition
Stored energy of
objects stretched
or compressed
Characteristics/Facts
Examples
Further you stretch,
more energy you have!
1. Rubber band
2. Bow and
arrow
Gravitational Potential Energy
Definition
Stored energy
related to an
object’s height
Characteristics/Facts
Examples
GPE= weight x height
1. Flower pot on
windowsill
2. Roller coaster
at top of hill