Download Energy PowerPoint #1

ENERGY
What is energy?
Energy is the ability to do
work
• When work is done to an object,
energy is transferred to that object
• Work is a transfer of energy
• There are several types of energy
• Energy is measured in Joules(J)
• A joule is the SI unit of work, equal to
one newton-meter
Types of ENERGY
• The major forms of
energy are
mechanical, thermal,
chemical, electrical,
electromagnetic, and
nuclear
MECHANICAL ENERGY
MECHANICAL ENERGY IS THE ENERGY ASSOCIATED WITH THE MOTION
AND POSITION OF EVERYDAY OBJECTS
THE POSITION IS KNOWN AS
POTENTIAL ENERGY
• POTENTIAL ENERGY IS ENERGY
THAT IS STORED AS A RESULT OF
POSITION OR SHAPE
• TWO FORMS OF POTENTIAL
ENERGY ARE GRAVITATIONAL AND
ELASTIC
• GRAVITATIONAL POTENTIAL
ENERGY DEPENDS ON ITS MASS,
HEIGHT, AND THE ACCELERATION
DUE TO GRAVITY (PE=MGH)
(At the top of the hill, the
ball has the greatest
amount of potential
energy.)
THE MOTION IS KNOWN AS
KINETIC ENERGY
• Kinetic energy is the energy if
motion
• The forms of KE are vibrational,
rotational, and translational
• The kinetic energy equation is
(KE=.5MV^2)
• Kinetic energy is a scalar
quantity so it does not have a
direction
(When the ball has almost
reached the bottom of the hill,
it has the greastest amount of
kinetic energy)
Thermal Energy
The total potential and Kinetic energy of all the microscopic particles in an object
make up its thermal energy
• The amount of heat transferred by a substance
depends on the speed and number of atoms or
molecules in motion.
• The faster the atoms or molecules move, the higher the
temperature, and the more atoms or molecules that are
in motion, the greater the quantity of heat they
transfer.
• Heat can be tranferred from particle to particle or object
to object in three different ways. These are Conduction,
Convection and Radiation.
• The sun is the the greatest contibutor to thermal
energy
Chemical energy
Chemical energy is the energy stored in chemical bonds
• When bonds are broken, the
released energy can do work.
• All chemical compounds, including
fuels such as coal and gasoline,
store energy
In the diagram, the
battery's chemical
energy is transforming
into electrical energy
and lighting up the
light bulb
Electrical energy
Electrical energy is the energy associated with electric charges
• Electric charges can exert forces that do work
• Many devices you use every day use electricity, or
electric energy
• A battery transfers stored chemical energy as charged
particles called electrons, typically moving through a wire.
Lightning is one good example of electrical energy in
nature, so powerful that it is not confined to a wire.
Thunderclouds build up large amounts of electrical
energy. This is called static electricity. They are released
during lightning when the clouds strike against each other.
Electromagnetic Energy
Electromagnetic energy is a form of energy that travels through space in
the form of waves
• Because electromagnetic
waves can travel long
distances though air and
space, they are often used
for communication
• Visible light and x-rays are
examples of electromagnetic
energy
The Electromagnetic
Spectrum is the range of all
types of EM radiation.
Nuclear energy
Nuclear energy is the energy stored in atomic nuclei
• Nuclear energy can be used to create
electricity, but it must first be
released from the atom.
• A nuclear reactor, or power plant,
is a series of machines that can
control nuclear fission to produce
electricity.
• About 15 percent of the worlds
electricity is generated by nuclear
power plants
The Law of Conservation of Energy
The Law of Conservation of Energy
states that energy cannot be created
nor destroyed, but transferred into
different forms
• Energy can be converted from one form
to another
• Einstein's equation, E=mc^2, says that
energy and mass are equvilent and can be
converted into each other.
Renewable Energy Resources
Renewable resources are resources
that can be replaced in a
relatively short period of time
• Renewable resources include
hydroelectric, solar, geothermal,
wind, biomass, and, possibly in the
future, nuclear fission.
Nonrenewable Energy Resources
Nonrenewable energy resources
exist in limited quantities and,
once used, cannot be replaced
except over the course of
million of years
• Nonrenewable energy
resources include oil,
natural gas, coal, and
uranium.
https://vimeo.com/114721148
A Renewable America commercial in favor for
renewable resources
Resources
• http://www.energyeducation.tx.gov/energy/section_1/topics/for
ms_of_energy.html
• http://www.eschooltoday.com/energy/kinds-of-energy.html
ENERGY