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Section 2-1 Objectives N.2.1.1. Explain how electric charges interact. N.2.1.2. Explain what an electric field is. N.2.1.3. Describe how static electricity builds up and transfers. Electric Charge Charges that are the same repel each other and charges that are different attract each other. N.2.1.1. Sound familiar? Magnetic poles follow the same rules. Electric Force Electric Force is the attraction of repulsion between electrically charges particles. An electric field is the region around a charges particle where electric force is exerted on other charged particles. Objective N.2.1.2. Sound familiar? Just like magnetic fields!!! Electric Fields Around Single Charges The electric field from a positive charge point outward while the electric field from a negative charge points inward. Electric Fields Around Multiple Charges When two charges are brought close to each other, their electric fields are combined. Combined Electric Fields Opposite Likes Combined Electric Fields: Cool Picture Static Electricity Static means not moving so, in static electricity charges build up on an object but they do not flow. Objective N.2.1.3. Transferring Charge There are three methods for transferring charge from on object to another: Friction Conduction Induction Friction Friction is the transfer of electrons by rubbing objects together. Conduction Conduction is the transfer of electrons by two objects touching. Sound familiar? Heat can also be transferred by conduction. Induction When a charged object is brought close to another object, the charges separate by induction. The objects don’t need to touch. Static Discharge When a negatively charged object and a positively charged object are brought close together, electrons may transfer until both objects have the same charge again. Objective N.2.1.3. Lightning Lightning Lightning is the most dramatic natural form of static discharge. Trillions upon trillions of electrons suddenly “jump” from the cloud base to the ground. Lightning Lightning Lightning Lightning