Download AP Physics Electricity and Magnetism Syllabus Unit 1: 6 weeks

AP Physics
Electricity and Magnetism
Syllabus
Unit 1: 6 weeks
Unit 2: 2 weeks
Unit 3: 4 weeks
Unit 4: 3 weeks
CHAP
Statics, Fields, Gauss’s Law, Electric Potential
Capacitors
Current, Resistance, Circuits
Magnetism, Induction
PRESENTATIONS
Objectives:
READ (chap.sec)
PROBLEMS
At the end of this chapter the student is expected to proficiently demonstrate an understanding of the
following:
1.
Coulomb’s Law:
a. Conceptually define the physical meaning of Coulomb’s Law.
b. Given a collection of point charges, use Coulomb’s Law to determine the net force
on one of the charges due to the others.
2.
Electric Field:
a. Conceptually define the physical meaning of the electric field.
b. Given a diagram on which an electric field is represented by electric field lines:
i. determine the direction of the field at a given point
ii. identify locations where the field is strong and where it is weak
iii. identify where positive or negative charges must be located to produce the given field pattern.
c. Given two or more point charges, find the electric field at a given point in the vicinity of the charges.
3.
E-Field/Force Calculations:
a. Apply Coulomb’s Law and the concept of Electric Field to solve problems involving a charged particle in an
electric field, where:
i. the particle is at rest under the influence of additional forces, i.e., gravity, tension, etc.
ii. the particle is in motion in an electric field.
b. Calculate by integration using Coulomb’s Law and the principle of superposition the Electric Field of
highly symmetric charge distributions including rod, ring, disk.
c. Use the principle of superposition to determine the electric fields of parallel charged planes, coaxial
cylinders, or concentric spheres.
d. Describe how the electric field varies with distance from an infinite, uniformly charged plane, a long
uniformly charged wire or thin cylindrical shell, or a thin spherical shell.
Elec Fields
Properties
Insul/Conduc
Coulomb’s Law
LAB – Electrostatics
23.1-23.3
Q: 3,7,8,11,22,26,27,28,29
P: 2,5,6,7,8,9
Electric Field
Cont charge Dist
Part I – Integration/Elec Field
23.4-23.5
Q: 12,14,15,18,24
AP: 82-1b, 00-2a, 01-1ab
Part II – Cont q dist/EXAMPLES
Elec Field Lines
Motion
P: 25,27,29,33
23.6-23.7
Answers to Evens:
-9
2. (a) Fe = 1.59 x 10 N (repulsion)
Q: 16,17,19,20,21,23,25
P: 38,39,41,43,45,47
36
(b) larger by 1.24 x 10 times
-11
(c) q/m = 8.61 x 10 C/kg
-5
6. (a) F = 2.16 x 10 N
-7
(b) F = 8.99 x 10 N
8. x = 0.634d from the bead with charge 3q, stable if third bead has positive charge
Objectives:
1.
Gauss’ Law
At the end of this chapter the student is expected to proficiently demonstrate an understanding of the
following:
Gauss’s Law:
a. Conceptually define the physical meaning of electric flux.
b. Conceptually define the physical meaning of Gauss’s Law.
c. Apply Gauss’ Law to determine:
i. the net charge inside a volume where the electric field is known everywhere on the surface of the
volume.
ii. the electric field at a point due to a large uniformly charged sheet, inside or outside a uniformly
charged cylinder or cylindrical shell, inside or outside a uniformly charged sphere or spherical
shell.
Electric flux
Gauss’ Law
24.1-24.2
Q: 1,2,3,4,5,6,8
P: 1,7,9,11,13,20
App of Gauss’ Law
24.3
Q: 7
P: 29,31,37
AP: 98-1c, 90-1, 93-1ab
Conduc in Electrostatic
Equilibrium
24.4
Q: 9,10,15,14
P: 39,43,47,49
AP: 96-1bc, 79-1abc, 79-2ab
LAB – Field Potential and Gauss’ Law
Answers to Evens:
20. (
TEST:
E)one face
=
| |
ELECTROSTATICS,
FIELDS AND GAUSS’
LAW
Objectives:
1.
At the end of this chapter the student is expected to proficiently demonstrate an understanding of the
following:
Electric Potential - Work
a. Conceptually define the physical meaning of Electric Potential.
b. Given the electric potential in a region of space:
i. Calculate the work done (electric potential energy) on a charged particle as it moves from one
point to another.
ii. Applying conservation of energy, calculate the kinetic and/or potential energy of a
charged particle as it moves from one point to another.
iii. State the definition of the electron-volt (eV) in terms of the motion of an electron through an
electric potential difference and relate the eV to the joule.
2.
Electric Potential – Superposition
a. Use the definition of electric potential and/or the superposition principle to find the electric potential at a
point caused by:
i. one or more point charges.
ii. continuous charge distributions having planar, cylindrical, or spherical symmetry.
3.
Electric Potential – “E from V”:
a. Given the electric potential as a function of distance, determine by differentiation the electric field as a
function of distance.
4.
Electric Potential – Equipotential Diagrams:
a. Given a sketch of the equipotential lines about a simple charge configuration, describe semi
quantitatively the electric potential and the electric field about the object.
Electric Potential
Pot Diff & Elec Pot
Pot Diff in uniform
Elec Field
25.1-25.2
Q: 1-6
P: 5,7,9,15
AP: 83-1b, 85-1ab, 89-1abcd,
95-1abc, 99-1c
Electric Pot & PE Due to
25.3-25.4
Point charges
E from V
In-class Lab: EM Fields (Potential Diff, Elec Pot)
Q: 7,
P: 17,19,21,33,36,38
V Due to Cont Charge Dist
V Due to Charged Conduc.
Q: 8,9,10,13,15
P: 41,43,45,46,48,49,50
25.5-25.8
Lab: Equipotentials and Electric Field Lines
Answers to Evens:
36. (a) V = 10 V, -11 V, -32 V
(b) E = 7 N/C in +x direction
38. (a) Er = 0
(b) Er =
46.
48. (a) E1 = 45 MV/m, E2 = 30 MV/m
(b) V1 = V2 = 1.8 MV
50. Zero charge on the inner sphere, 10 µC on the outer sphere
TEST:
ELECTRIC POTENTIAL
Objectives:
At the end of this chapter the student is expected to proficiently demonstrate an understanding of the
following:
1.
Capacitance - Fundamentals
a. Conceptually define the physical meaning of capacitance.
b. Relate the capacitance, difference in potential (aka: voltage), and the charge of a capacitor.
c. Derive and apply the expressions for the capacitance of capacitors having planar, cylindrical, or spherical
symmetry.
2.
Capacitance – Application
a. Determine the equivalent capacitance of a set of capacitors connected in series/parallel.
b. Determine the charge stored and the voltage across capacitors in series/parallel.
c. Determine the energy stored in a capacitor or combination of capacitors.
3.
Capacitance – w/ Dielectric
a.
b.
Capac & Dielectrics
Conceptually describe the effect on a capacitor’s capacitance, the charge stored, the voltage across the
capacitor, the energy stored, as well as the E-field in the capacitor, if the space between its conductors
contains a dielectric material.
Determine how a dielectric physically effects the charge, voltage, energy and electric field.
Def. of Capacitance
Calc of Capacitance
Combos of Capac.
26.1-26.3
Q: 1,3,4,5,6,7
P: 1,7,11,15,21,23
Energy in Capacitor
Capac w/ Dielectrics
26.4-26.5
Q: 2,8,9,10,11,12,13,14,16
P: 31,32,41,45
AP: 80-2abc, 81-1abc
Answers to Evens:
32. (a) U = 0.15 J
(b) ∆V = 268 V
Objectives:
At the end of this chapter the student is expected to proficiently demonstrate an understanding of the
following:
1.
Current, Ohm’s Law, Power
a. Conceptually define the physical meaning of current as related to charge, drift velocity and crosssectional area of conductor.
b. Conceptually define the physical meaning of resistance as related to material, length and crosssectional area.
2.
Ohm’s Law and Power
a. Conceptually define the physical meaning of Ohm’s Law as related to potential difference,
resistance and current.
b. Apply Ohm’s Law to determine the current, voltage or resistance in not-quite circuit applications.
c. Conceptually define the physical meaning of power as related by current, potential difference and
current.
d. Apply the power relationship to practical situations involving the dissipation of energy.
Current and
Resistance
Electric current
Resis & Ohm’s Law
27.1-27.2
Q: 1,2,3,4,5,6
P: 6,7,11,13,20,24
Model of Elec Conduc
Resistance and Temp
Elec Energy/Power
27.3-27.6
Q: 8,9,10,14,15,16,17,18
P: 29,35,37,43,45,49
Lab – Resistors and Resistivity (optional)
Answers to Evens:
6.
20. Rf = R/9
24. R = 378 Ω
Objectives:
1.
At the end of this chapter the student is expected to proficiently demonstrate an understanding of the
following:
Series and Parallel DC Circuits
a. Describe the current and electric potential on each of two resistors in parallel and then in series.
b.
c.
Determine the equivalent resistance of a simple circuit containing resistors in series and/or parallel.
Apply Ohm’s law (or Kirchhoff’s rules) to single or multiloop direct current circuits in order to
determine the potential difference between two points, the current in a branch of the circuit, the
power dissipated in the circuit elements, and the potential difference across the terminals of the
energy source.
2.
Kirchhoff’s Rules
a. Explain Kirchhoff’s Junction Rule and Loop Rule in terms of ‘conservation. ‘
b. Apply Kirchhoff’s Rules to multi-loop circuit resolving the magnitude of potential drop across and
current through all resistors and the directions of current in all branches.
3.
Resistor-Capacitor Circuits
a. Conceptually explain the process of charging and discharging a capacitor.
b. Evaluate an RC circuit being able to:
i. Conceptually define the significance of the time constant and determine the magnitude of
the time constant of the circuit from graphical information.
ii. Construct and/or interpret q vs.t and I vs.t graphs of a capacitor being charged or discharged
through an RC circuit.
iii. Determine the energy stored in a capacitor and dissipated by a resistor.
iv. Conceptually define the physical meaning of the time-dependent charge and current
expressions for charging and discharging a capacitor.
DC Circuits
Electromotive Force
Parallel and Series
28.1-28.2
Q: 2,3,4,5,6,7,8
P: 1,5,9,11,15,17
Kirchhoff’s Rules
28.3
Q: 11,25
P: 18,19,22,27
RC Circuits
28.4
Q: 13,16,17,20,21,24
P: 29,31,32,34,37
AP: 88-2, 92-2
Lab - Capacitors (Charging and Discharging)
App – NASA MS@Work – Space Shuttle Short Circuit
Answers to Evens:
18. I1 = 0.714 A, I2 = 1.29 A, = 12.6 V
22. (a) I1 = 0.385 mA(through R1), I2 = 3.08 mA(through R2), I3 = 2.69 mA(through R3)
(b) c is higher by 69.2 V
32. (a) = 1.5 s
(b) = 1 s
(c)
34. (a) = 12 s
(b)
TEST:
[
],
Capacitance and
DC Circuits
Objectives:
1.
At the end of this chapter the student is expected to proficiently demonstrate an understanding of the
following:
Magnetic Field and Force
a. Conceptually explain the conditions necessary for a particle to experience a magnetic force when it is in a
magnetic field.
b.
c.
d.
Conceptually define the physical meaning of the magnetic force experienced by a charge as related by
charge, velocity, magnetic field and orientation.
Conceptually define the physical meaning of the magnetic field in terms of magnetic force, charge
velocity and orientation.
Apply the magnetic field and force expressions to determine the motion characteristics of the charge.
2.
Motion of a Charged Particle
a. Conceptually define the conditions necessary for a charged particle to move with uniform circular motion
in the presence of a magnetic field.
b. Utilizing Newton’s second law, derive the expression for the radius curvature experienced by a charge
travelling in a magnetic field.
c. Evaluate the motion of a charged particle moving in a region containing both electric and magnetic fields.
3.
Current-Carrying Wires
a. Conceptually define the physical meaning of the magnetic force experienced by a current carrying wire as
related by current, length of wire, magnetic field and orientation.
b. Determine the magnitude and direction of the force on a current-carrying wire in a uniform magnetic
field.
c. Conceptually define the physical meaning of torque experienced by a current-carrying wire as related by
the current, cross-sectional area and magnetic field.
d. Determine the magnitude and direction of the torque on a rectangular loop of wire carrying a current due
to a uniform magnetic field.
Magnetic Fields
Def/Prop of Mag Field
Mag Force on CurrentCarrying Conductor
29.1-29.2
Q: 1-7,12
P: 1,5,9,13,15,18
Torque on a Current
Loop
Motion of Charged Part.
29.3-29.4
Q: 10,11,13,14,15,18
P: 23,27,31,34
AP: 90-2, 93-3
Answers to Evens:
18. ab: o, bc: (-40 i) mN, cd: (-40 k) mN, da: (40 i + 40 k) mN
-2
34. B = 6.56 x 10 T
38.
Objectives:
=8
At the end of this chapter the student is expected to proficiently demonstrate an understanding of the
following:
1.
Biot-Savart Law
a. Determine the magnitude and direction of the contribution to the total magnetic field at a point due to a
short segment of current carrying wire.
b. Conceptually define the physical meaning of the magnetic field of an infinitely long wire as related by
current and distance from wire.
c. Apply the Biot-Savart Law to
i. Straight-wire applications.
ii. Circular loops on a coaxial line.
2.
Parallel Conductors
a. Conceptually define the physical meaning of the force-per-unit-length (for parallel conductors) expression
as related by current and separation distance.
b. Apply the expression for the force between parallel current-carrying wires to determine the magnitude
and direction of the force on either wire.
3.
Ampere’s law
a. Conceptually define the physical meaning of Ampere’s Law as relate by current, magnetic field and path.
b. Conceptually define the physical meaning of the magnetic field inside a solenoid as related by current and
“turns per unit length.”
c. Apply the solenoid expression to linear and toroidal orientations.
4.
Magnetic Flux and Gauss’s Law
a. Conceptually define the physical meaning of magnetic flux as related by magnetic field, cross-sectional area
and orientation.
b. Conceptually explain the magnetic flux as applied to Gauss’s Law.
Sources of Mag Field
Biot-Savart Law
30.1
Q: 1,2
P: 2,3,5,9,13,15
Mag Force Between
Two Parallel Conduc
Ampere’s Law
30.2-30.3
Q:3-10
P: 17,19,21,23,24,25
Mag field of a Sol
Mag Flux
Gauss’ Law in Mag
30.4-30.6
Q: 11,12,13
P: 29,30,31,33,34,35
Lab – Magnetic Field of a Solenoid
Answers to Evens:
2. B = 261 nT into the page
24. (a) B = 10 µT
(b) r = 2.5 cm beyond the conductor’s surface
30. (a) I = 3.98 kA
(b) = 39.8 kN/m radially outward
34. (a)
= 7.4 µWb
(b)
= 2.27 µWb
TEST:
Magnetic Forces
and Fields
Objectives:
At the end of this chapter the student is expected to proficiently demonstrate an understanding of the
following:
1.
Faraday’s Law, Lenz’s Law
a. Conceptually define the physical meaning of Faraday’s Law as related by the time rate of change of
magnetic flux.
b. Conceptually explain the physical meaning and significance of Lenz’s Law as applied to the induced emf.
c. Use Faraday’s Law in integral form and Lenz’s Law to determine the magnitude and direction of the
induced voltage and current
i. in a loop of wire being moved into or out of a uniform magnetic field.
ii. in a loop of wire placed in a spatially uniform magnetic field whose magnitude is given as a
function of time.
iii. in a loop of wire rotating at constant speed about an axis perpendicular to a uniform magnetic
field.
2.
Motional emf
a. Conceptually define the physical meaning of motional emf as related by magnetic field, velocity and
length of conductor.
b. Determine the magnitude of induced emf as a result of motional emf of various applications.
Faraday’s Law
Far Law of Induction
31.1
Q: 1,6,7
P: 1,2,3,5,6,7
Motion EMF
Lenz’s Law
31.2-31.3
Q: 2,3,4,5,8,9,10
P: 13,18,20,21,23,25
Induced EMF and Elec
Fields
31.4
Q: 11,12,13,14
P: 32,33,34,35
Answers to Evens:
2. Iloop = 0.8 mA
-5
6. ∆t = 7.85 x 10 s
18.
(
)
20. v = 1 m/s
-21
32. (a) F = 8 x 10 N, clockwise for electron
(b) t = 1.33 s
-5
34. E = 2.23 x 10 N/C
Objectives:
At the end of this chapter the student is expected to proficiently demonstrate an understanding of the
following:
1.
Self-Inductance
a. Conceptually define the physical meaning of self-inductance as related by the rate of change of current.
b. Conceptually define the physical meaning of inductance as related to current and magnetic flux.
c. Evaluate the magnitude of induced emf produced by a simple circuit.
2.
RL Circuits
a. Apply the definitions of inductance, Ampere’s Law, and Faraday’s Law to long solenoids (and torroids) to
determine the inductance.
b. Evaluate an RL circuit being able to:
i. Conceptually define the significance of the time constant and determine the magnitude of the
time constant of the circuit from graphical information.
ii. Construct and/or interpret I vs.t and vs.t graphs of an inductor experiencing the current
either increasing or decreasing.
iii. Determine the energy stored in an inductor and dissipated by a resistor.
iv. Conceptually define the physical meaning of the time-dependent current expressions for an
inductor experiencing current either increasing or decreasing.
3.
Maxwell’s Equations
a. Identify each of Maxwell’s Equations.
b. Conceptually explain the physical meaning and significance of each of the four expressions.
Inductance
Maxwell’s Equations
Self Inductance
RL Circuits
32.1-32.2
Q: 1,2,3,4,5,6,9,
P: 1,5,9,17,21,23
Energy in a Mag Field
32.3
Q: 8
P: 31,32,33,35,37
Max’s Eqns
34.1
Q: 1,2,3,8
P: 1,2,3,6,9
Answers to Evens:
Ch. 32
6
3
32. (a) u = 8.06 x 10 J/m
(b) U = 6.32 kJ
Ch. 34
8
2. v = 2.25 x 10 m/s
10
10
6. E = (300 V/m)cos(62.8x – 1.88 x 10 t), B = (1 µT)cos(62.8x – 1.88 x 10 t)