Download DNA STUDY GUIDE

DNA STUDY GUIDE
1. What is the full name for DNA?
2. What is a gene?
3. Where in the cell are chromosomes located?
4. Where can DNA be found in the cell? How is each of these forms of DNA inherited?
5. What is the shape of DNA?
6. What are the “rungs” on the DNA ladder made of?
7. What sugar is found in DNA?
8. A bonds with _______
9. C bonds with _______
10. Where are proteins made in the cell?
11. What are sources of DNA at a crime scene?
12. How does DNA differ among humans?
13. Describe the process for extracting DNA (as we did in lab with the strawberries).
14. Why is it important for scientists to be able to remove DNA from an organism?
15. Is there DNA in your food? How do you know?
16. What are STRs? How are they inherited? How many STRs does someone with "allele
10" have?
17. Describe how gel electrophoresis works, and it's purpose.
18. What are the 3 steps in Forensic DNA Analysis?
19. What is PCR? How is it useful in forensic DNA analysis?
20. Be able to read the outcome of a gel electrophoresis. Be able to describe where the
bands on the gel come from, and why there are only 1 or 2 of them.
21. Be able to read the graph resulting from capillary electrophoresis and be able to
construct a DNA profile of a missing person.
22. Be able to solve the frequency of any given locus or loci for an individual.
23. Describe the proper procedure for collecting DNA evidence and how to avoid
contamination of the evidence.
24. Compare/contrast STR and mitochondrial DNA analysis,
their uses, and where the samples are gathered from.
25. Be able to look at a DNA sequence and located the STR, and
count the number of STR.
26. Determine the genotype of an individual using STR
information
27. What are the 3 basic steps in DNA analysis?
28. Be able to look at data collected from the crime scene and
suspects and determine who can be excluded or included as
perpetrators.
29. Be able to determine a profile frequency for any given
individual.
30. Which Suspect, A or B, cannot be excluded from potential
perpetrators of this assault? Why? -->
DNA STUDY GUIDE
31. Do the Son and daughter share any alleles? 
32. Are the grandparents maternal or paternal? How
can you tell??--->
33. How many STRs are there in the DNA sequence
below?, What would be the number given to this
allele? (AGAT)
What are the genotypes for each individual?
M Joe
M Michael
DNA STUDY GUIDE
STR Data for Buddy, Dick, Marilyn and Janet
Buddy
Dick
Marilyn
Janet
D3S1358
18, 18
18, 18
15, 16
15, 16
vWA
16, 18
16, 18
16, 17
16, 18
Allele Frequencies for VWA and D3S1358:
Locus
Allele
Frequency
D3S1358
12
0.015
D3S1358
13
0.015
0.1311
D3S1358
14
0.1341
15
0.1189
D3S1358
15
0.2896
VWA
16
0.186
D3S1358
16
0.2287
D3S1358
17
0.1616
VWA
17
0.2774
D3S1358
18
0.1616
VWA
18
0.189
D3S1358
19
0.0152
VWA
19
0.0884
VWA
20
0.015
Locus
Allele
Frequency
VWA
12
0.015
VWA
14
VWA


Use the information above to determine the frequency for each person to have
those alleles at each loci, and then determine the probability for them to have the
alleles they do at both loci. (hint use the reference packet handed out in class).
Be able to use the data to solve for paternity, missing person, and be able to read
a pedigree.