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Kingdoms
Key vocabulary
Prokaryotes have no nucleus
Eukaryotes have a nucleus
Autotrophs produce their own food for nutrition
Heterotrophs consume other organisms for their nutrition
Six Kingdoms
Archaebacteria, Eubacteria, Protists, Fungi, Plant, and Animal
a. Living organisms are grouped into kingdoms according to cell type, cell structure, body type,
and nutrition (or feeding).
b. Archaebacteria live in extreme environments (like around volcano vents) and do not require
oxygen to survive. They are called ancient bacteria.
c. Eubacteria live everywhere else. Some are harmful to humans. They are called true bacteria.
d. Archaebacteria & Eubacteria are prokaryotes. Their cells have no nucleus. The other
kingdoms are eukaryotes. Their cells have a nucleus.
e. Animals do not have a cell wall. All other kingdoms have cell walls.
f. Plants and animals are multicellular. Archaebacteria & Eubacteria are unicellular. Protists
are mainly unicellular. Fungi are mainly multicellular.
g. Animals, Fungi, and Eubacteria eat other living organisms. Plants produce their own food
through photosynthesis. Archaebacteria and Protists have both characteristics.
i. Animals eat other organisms and digest food inside their bodies.
ii. Fungi breakdown their food outside of their body and absorb the nutrients.
h. Plants are not mobile. All other classes are mobile.
i. Examples:
i. Animal: dog, cat, lion, etc.
ii. Plants: trees, grass, roses, etc.
iii. Fungi: molds, yeast, mushroom, etc.
iv. Protists: algae, slime mold, water, mold, etc.
v. Eubacteria: salmonella, streptococci, Lactobacillus acidophilus
vi. Archaebacteria: Halophiles (love very salty conditions) & thermoacidophiles (love
extreme temperatures)
j. Note: The Protist kingdom is sometimes called the “Junk Kingdom”. Organisms that do not fit
into the other 5 kingdoms are grouped into this kingdom.