Download ES Chapter 14 Study Guide

ES Chapter 14 Study Guide
NAME__________________________________________ DATE _____ HOUR _____
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Approximately how much of Earth’s surface is covered by land?
Approximately how much of Earth’s surface is covered by water?
Approximately when did the ocean become an important area of study?
Which ocean has the greatest average depth?
The largest of Earth’s oceans is __________________
Where trenches do not exist, the steep continental slope merges into a more gradual
incline known as the continental _________________________
7. Differences in ocean-surface height can be measured by ____________________
8. What type of topography is associated with mid-ocean ridges?
9. Important mineral deposits, including large reservoirs of oil and natural gas, are
associated with _____________________
10. What three types of earth movements occur at the continental margin in the Pacific
Ocean?
11. Which part of the ocean is deepest?
12. Mineral-rich water, heated by newly formed oceanic crust, escapes through cracks in
the ocean floor called ____________________________
13. Manganese nodules are an example of which type of sediment?
14. What are some examples of biogenous sediments?
15. What are some examples of hydrogenous sediments?
16. What type of sediment forms from minerals that crystallize from seawater?
17. Which type of sediment is made up mainly of the shells of diatoms and radiolarians?
18. What is biogenous sediment made of?
19. List energy resources obtained from the ocean?
20. How much of the world’s oil production currently comes from offshore regions?
21. Heat from Earth’s interior and pressure from overlying rock transform the remains of
marine sediments into _____________________________
22. The Persian Gulf, the Gulf of Mexico, and the North Sea are all known for their
reserves of what ocean resource?
23. Most gas hydrates form when what occurs?
24. What are disadvantages of using gas hydrates?
25. What are non-energy ocean resources?
26. What ocean resource is currently not economically profitable to mine?
27. Which ocean resources are second in economic value to oil?
28. When seawater evaporates, the concentration of salts increases until what occurs?