Download The Human Body Ch. 3 Fill

The Human Body Ch. 3 Fill-In Notes
3-3 Digestive Process
Functions of the Digestive System
1. __________________________: The process by which the body breaks down food into
smaller nutrient molecules.
Two types of digestion:
_____________________________: food is physically broken down.
_____________________________: Chemicals produced by the body break food down.
2. _____________________________: The process by which nutrient molecules pass through
the wall of the digestive system into the blood.
3. _____________________________: Materials not absorbed are eliminated as wastes.
The Mouth:
Mechanical Digestion: ________________________ the food.
Chemical Digestion: Accomplished by __________________________ in the saliva.
_________________________: A protein that speeds up chemical reactions in the body.
The Esophagus:
Esophagus: Muscular tube that connects the ________________ to the __________________.
______________________: Flap of tissue - seals off windpipe - prevents food from entering.
Esophagus lined with _____________________: A thick, slippery substance produced by body.
________________________________: Involuntary muscle contractions - move food one
direction through digestive system.
The Stomach:
After the Esophagus, food enters the ______________________ - a J-shaped, muscular pouch
in the abdomen that expands to hold all of the food that is swallowed.
Mechanical Digestion: 3 layers of ___________________ contract producing churning motion.
Chemical Digestion: Digestive __________________ is produced by cells lining the stomach.
Contains __________________________, _________________________________, &
______________________ for protection & coating.
The Human Body Ch. 3 Fill-In Notes
3-4 Final Digestion & Absorption
 ____________________________: Part of digestive system where most of chemical digestion
(& absorption) takes place. Is ___________ meters long, but only ______________cm wide.
 ________________________: Largest & heaviest organ inside body; Breaks down substances
and eliminates ______________________________ from the body.
 The liver produces ________________________, a substance that breaks up fat particles.
 ________________________________: Organ that stores bile after it is produced by the liver.
Bile passes through a tube from the gallbladder into the ______________________________.
 ________________________________: Triangular organ - produces enzymes that flow into
small intestine. These enzymes help break down ________________________,
__________________________ & __________________________.
 After Chemical digestion is finished, ___________________________________ takes place by
________________________: tiny finger-shaped structures that cover the inner surface of the
small intestine – they provide a large surface area through which digested food is absorbed
and passed into the _____________________________________.
The Large Intestine:
Large Intestine: _________________ section of digestive system; Where ________________
is absorbed from food & remaining material is ______________________ from body.
__________________________: Short tube at the end of the large intestine where waste
material is compressed into a solid form before being eliminated.
____________________________: Muscular opening at the end of the rectum through which
digestive waste material is eliminated from the body.